View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:This study is a phase I, open-label study to determine recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) for the BD03 vaccination in kidney transplant recipients. The recommended dose will be selected based on the safety and tolerability profiles observed.
The purpose of this study is to assess efficacy of 14-day antimicrobial susceptibility test guided quadruple therapy for the rescue treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, then comparing it with 14-day personal medication history guided therapy to tell which one has a better performance in both efficacy and safety.
The purpose of this study is to see if stool transplant performed by colonoscopy is effective at treating recurrent Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection of the colon. During the procedure a stool sample is taken from a healthy donor (usually family member or close friend) and transplanted directly into the colon of the patient with C. diff infection. The goal of this experimental procedure (called fecal microbiota transplantation) is to replenish the good bacteria in the colon that can help prevent C. diff infection from coming back after treatment.
Multidrug resistance towards Gram-negative pathogens makes essential the re-examination of older compounds. Temocillin is a penicillin originally marketed in the 1980s but then largely abandoned. It, however, shows a marked ß-lactamase stability (including most classical and extended-spectrum TEM, SHV, CTX-M enzymes and AmpC ß-lactamase). Temocillin is approved for the treatment of bacterial infections of the chest, the lungs, the kidney, the bladder, as well as bacterial infections of the bloodstream and wound infections. Temocillin efficacy depends primarily from the time interval during which the unbound plasma concentration remains above the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antibiotic against the target organism(s). Unfortunately, no comprehensive pharmacokinetic data are available in non-critically-ill patients. The primary objective of the study is characterize the pharmacokinetics of total and unbound temocillin in non-ICU patients, and, on this basis, to propose optimized dosage regimens in this population. The secondary objectives are (i) to look for possible correlations between the plasma protein profile and the unbound temocillin concentrations; (ii) to investigate the impact of the level and nature of circulating plasma proteins on the unbound temocillin concentration. The study will be non-randomized, uncontrolled, prospective, open label, interventional, and monocentric. It will include a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of the data obtained. The study will enroll patients ≥ 18 years in need of a treatment with temocillin for (i) complicated urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis (associated or not with bacteremia), or (ii) lower respiratory tract infection, or (iii) abdominal infection, and requiring ≥ 4 days of hospitalization. Blood samples will be obtained at day 0 (control) and after 2 and 4 days of drug treatment (full pharmacokinetic evaluation over 8 to 12 h post-administration). Total and unbound temocillin concentrations in plasma will be quantified by a validated analytical method. A population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics model of plasma total and unbound concentrations of temocillin will be obtained by Bayesian algorithms using Pmetrics software, driven by the predicted plasma total and unbound concentration. The model will be used to assess the probability of target attainment of temocillin.
This study evaluates the prognostic role of the change of arborescent air bronchogram, a typical ultrasonographic finding of lung consolidation due to pneumonia, in the management of pediatric CAP.
Optimal surgical therapy (debridement in chronic osteomyelitis; device exchange in patients with chronic prosthetic joint infection (PJI)) could be sometimes non-feasible, especially in the elderly population. Therefore, a medical therapy with oral prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy (PSAT) seems to be an option to prevent recurrence and prosthesis loosening. Unfortunately, some patients are infected with resistant pathogens for which oral antibiotics are not suitable. Subcutaneous (SC) administration of injectable intravenous antibiotics as prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy could be a convenient way to limit catheter-related complications and facilitate ambulatory care. However, there are few data concerning the development of resistance under subcutaneous prolonged treatment with betalactamine. The aim of this study is just to constitute a biological collection from samples from the Gut microbiota in patients having a bone or joint infection treated by a suppressive subcutaneous antibiotherapy with betalactamine. Later analysis will be led on those samples to detect the acquisition of resistance or not.
The study hypothesis is to determine the feasibility of switching HIV-HCV co-infected patients receiving methadone or buprenorphine/naloxone as opioid substitution therapy with suppressed HIV RNA viral load on current antiretroviral therapy to elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (E/C/F/TAF, Genvoya™) followed by 12 weeks of HCV antiviral therapy with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL, Epclusa™), followed then by switch to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF, Biktarvy™) for an additional 48 weeks.
Since other genital infections enhance HIV susceptibility by inducing inflammation, the investigators study the relationship between the vaginal microbiota composition and the risk of HPV infection, cervical cytological abnormalities.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of community-acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infection in patients with lung transplantation;Explore the lung microbiome dynamics within one year after lung transplantation;Find the relationship between lung microbiome and chronic lung allograft dysfunction(CLAD).
Background: Malignant tumors may lead to a catabolic state with loss of muscle and adipose tissue. The full picture of catabolism is termed cachexia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality of cancer patients. Although the full picture is rarely observed up to 50% of children with cancer suffer from significant malnourishment. Additionally to tumor-induced catabolism, side-effects of chemotherapy may be problematic for the patients. In this regard up to 60% of children suffer from gastrointestinal mucositis presenting with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation and abdominal pain. In the worst case, mucositis may lead to bacterial translocation with life-threatening inflammatory response. Clinically this may require a reduction of the dosage or the number of chemotherapy cycles resulting in reduced effectivity. Up to now the therapy of mucositis is only symptomatic. Recent research of the applicant has shown a significant reduction of Lactobacilli in mice with neuroblastoma (a malignant childhood tumor). The dysbiosis was associated with catabolism, increased gut permeability and inflammation. Astonishingly, chemotherapy alone also leads to a significant reduction of Lactobacilli compared to sham mice, which may be linked to the development of mucositis clinically. Overall, the intestinal microbiome seems to play an essential role in the development of tumor-associated catabolism and chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Aim: The aim of this project is to determine if the changes in the intestinal microbiome observed in mice can also be seen in children with neuroblastoma. Methods: One part of the study will include 10 children with neuroblastoma (inclusion after verification of the diagnosis) and 10 healthy controls. The fecal microbiome will be determined by 16S-ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) pyrosequencing. Volatile organic compounds in the breath will be sampled and measured by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy. A basic science human work package will address the question if there are differences. In the second part serial investigations in children with neuroblastoma will assess whether or not these patients show alterations of the intestinal microbiome under chemotherapy.