View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Open, prospective, multicenter French cohort study enrolling subjects aged of 15 years or more, during or immediately after HIV-1 primary infection. This cohort was organized from the outset to be highly multidisciplinary, bringing together immunologists, virologists, clinicians and epidemiologists.
The purpose of the main study is to describe the incidence of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in adults hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) during the influenza/RSV season, and the purpose of the substudy is to describe the clinical and economic burden in adults hospitalized with confirmed influenza/RSV infection.
Diaphyseal femoral and tibial fractures are in the spotlight within the traumatology-orthopedics scenario. Intramedullary nailing (IMN) remains the method of choice for treating these fractures, both open and closed ones. Occurrences of surgical site infection (SSI) related to this type of osteosynthesis are a challenge for all the professionals involved in patient healthcare. The reported incidence of SSI after IMN ranges from 0.9 to 17.5%. The majority of the data comes from retrospective studies and as part of case series descriptions, with little detail about the criteria used for defining and searching for cases of infection. Regarding the potential risk factors for this complication, previous use of external fixators, occurrence of open fractures and the severity of exposure according to the Gustilo-Anderson classification were indicated in a few retrospective studies as being possibly related to this complication. The objectives of the present observational cohort study are: 1. To determine the incidence of SSI related to IMN for fixation of diaphyseal femoral and tibial fractures in patients treated in a university traumatology and orthopedics reference hospital in São Paulo, Brazil; 2. To evaluate the risk factors related to the occurrence of this type of infection.
Background: In nearly all people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, immunity cannot either control or eradicate the infection. There are good medicinal treatments, collectively called "ART" (antiretroviral therapy) which control HIV infection by suppressing the virus in the bloodstream. ART is needed for life, and if a person stops taking ART the HIV infection returns in the bloodstream. So, there is good treatment, but no cure. The researchers want to test whether a period of treatment with vedolizumab can be used to control HIV infection in the bloodstream in persons with HIV on ART, after stopping ART. Objective: To determine whether vedolizumab is safe and tolerable in people with HIV, to assess the safety of an analytical treatment interruption (ATI), and to determine whether vedolizumab can control HIV infection in the bloodstream without the use of ART. Eligibility: Adults 18-65 with HIV who are being treated with ART Design: Participants will be screened with: Physical exam, medical history, blood and urine tests Participants will have a baseline visit which will include repeat of the screening testing. Participants will then present for their first study visit which will include: receiving vedolizumab infusions through an arm vein, repeats of the baseline testing. Participants will then have serial visits on a pre-specific schedule to receive ongoing vedolizumab doses every 2-4 weeks until week 20. Each visit will also include repeat of the baseline tests. After week 6 and before week 7 patients will discontinue ART. After the final infusion of vedolizumab at week 20 patients will continue to be assessed with physical exam, medical history, and repeat of the baseline testing every 4 weeks up to 1 year. ART will be re-started for participants if the level of HIV in the blood becomes too high, persists for too long, or if the CD4 count decreases by too much.
The emergence and rapid worldwide spread of Extended- Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE) both in hospital and community, led physicians, and notably intensivists, to prescribe more carbapenems, particularly in the most fragile patients such as ICU patients. Unfortunately, the increased carbapenem consumption favored the emergence of carbapenem resistance mechanisms. Moreover, several preliminary results suggest that carbapenem could markedly impact the human intestinal microbiota, Thus, reduction of carbapenem exposure is widely desired both by national and international antibiotic plans. Therefore, the use of rapid diagnostic tests evaluating bacterial resistance to reduce inappropriate exposure to carbapenems could be a relevant solution. Due to its good diagnostic performance, the betaLACTA® test could meet these objectives. Experimental plan : Randomized, open-labeled non-inferiority clinical trial involving an in vitro diagnostic medical device (close to a phase III study), comparing two parallel groups: - Experimental group: early carbapenems de-escalation since the second dose, guided by results of the betaLACTA® test performed directly on the bacterial pellet from the microbiological sample positive on direct examination. - Control group: carbapenems de-escalation guided by definitive results of the antibiotic susceptibility test obtained 48 to 72h after microbiological sampling (reference strategy).
The investigators will analyze biomarkers related to the prognosis and treatment of necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI). The focus will be on whether certain endothelial and immune system biomarkers can function as markers of disease severity, mortality as well as the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). Biomarkers will be measured upon admission to an intensive care unit at Copenhagen University Hospital and during the following 3 days.
The main purpose of this clinical study is to see if a maintenance dose of GEN-003 reduces the number of days that subjects have a genital herpes recurrence. The second purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a maintenance dose of GEN-003.
The purpose of this study is to assess the validity and reproducibility of the MP Diagnostics HTLV Blot 2.4 in blood specimens testing repeat reactive (RR) on the first FDA licensed screening assay (Abbott Prism) and non-reactive (NR) on the second FDA licensed screening assay (Avioq ELISA).
Surgical site infections following lower extremity amputations have been reported in up to 40% of patients. Surgical site infections have significant morbidity and even mortality in terms of emergency room visits, length of hospital stay, reamputation rates and death. Since its introduction, negative pressure wound therapy has been demonstrated to promote wound healing and possibly decreasing the need for future amputations. The aim of the study is to provide level I evidence for the use of negative pressure wound therapy devices in patients undergoing lower extremity amputation.
IBIS is a prospective, observational study, which aims to assess the cost of CDI per day, hospitalization and year including description of incremental costs in hospitalized patients, and recurrent episodes, in German hospitals. Exposure to CDI drugs will not be influenced and remains at the discretion of the treating physician. In addition to treatment, Health-related quality of life (HRQL) will be analyzed using standardized questionnaires.