View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Dual-focus with narrow-band imaging (DF-NBI) is a novel technique to improve the quality of images of the irregular mucosal structures and microvessels of gastric neoplasms. The investigators compare this technique with conventional white light (WL) endoscopy to predict Helicobacter pylori infection.
This investigational study will be conducted to evaluate the performance of the NeuMoDx™ CT/NG Assay on the NeuMoDx™ 288 Molecular System and NeuMoDx™ 96 Molecular System (collectively referred to as NeuMoDx™ CT/NG Assay test system).
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a tailored multifaceted antibiotic stewardship intervention reduces antibiotic use for urinary tract infections in residential care homes and nursing homes attended by general practitioners. This will be evaluated in a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial using a modified community-based participatory action research approach.
This is a randomized, open label, comparative, Phase II study to determine whether fecal microbiota transplant using Penn Microbiome Therapy products helps standard therapy to treat severe Clostridium difficile infection (C diff).
The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (IMI/REL) in participants from birth to less than 18 years of age with confirmed or suspected gram-negative bacterial infection. Participants are expected to require hospitalization through completion of intravenous (IV) study intervention, and have at least one of the following primary infection types: hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP) or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP); complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI); or complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI). Participants will be randomized in a 3:1 ratio to receive IMI/REL or active control. This study will also evaluate the efficacy of IMI/REL by assessing all-cause mortality at Day 28 post-randomization, as well as clinical and microbiological response to treatment. It will also evaluate the pharmacokinetics of IMI/REL.
This study will establish whether human and bacterial protease activity can aid therapeutic decision-making, including targeted treatments.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic characteristics and efficacy of TNP-2092 in adults with ABSSSI suspected or confirmed to be caused by gram-positive pathogens.
Surgical site infections in orthopaedic surgery are a major problem. Decolonization has been suggested to reduce infection rates. The study was designed as a prospective, controlled, randomized, single-blinded trial to assess the influence of a decolonization procedure in S. aureus and non - S. aureus carriers. In this trial the 2 - year outcome in the subpopulation of prosthetic elective orthopaedic surgery will be evaluated.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication that occurs in 15 to 25% of patients after vascular surgery, and up to 40% of patients after cardiac surgery. AKI compromises seriously short and long-term prognosis of critically ill patients. Several AKI risk factors have been identified including a chronic pathology of the patient such as kidney failure or diabetes, acute kidney injury related to hemodynamic disorders during surgery, including cardiopulmonary bypass, or sepsis, and the use of nephrotoxic agents such as some antibiotics, colloids or iodine contrast agents. Avoiding nephrotoxic agents is therefore strongly recommended in ICU patients, to reduce the incidence of AKI, or to reduce its severity. The aim of this cohort study was to assess whether the use of daptomycin, was associated to a lower incidence of AKI than vancomycin in cardiovascular ICU patients, with similar efficacy. This is a retrospective observational study with a propensity score adjustment to reduce the bias of selection for a comparative analysis between two antibacterial treatments used in routine care. Since treatments were not randomized, the investigators used the propensity score method for primary endpoint analysis. For this, the investigators included the covariates potentially related to treatment and outcome in a multivariate logistic model explaining the choice of treatment. This propensity score was used in the second model as an adjustment covariate included in the multivariate analysis to determine factors independently associated with the primary endpoint (AKI within 7 days). The main hypothesis is the first line antibiotic treatment with daptomycin leads to less nephrotoxicity than vancomycin in a population known at high risk for AKI and with at least a similar efficacy on clinical success rate.
Cesarean deliveries are the most common surgical procedure performed in the United States. A significant decrease in cesarean delivery associated maternal morbidity has been achieved with preoperative prophylactic single-dose cephalosporin, widely used before skin incision. Also, on laboring patients and/or with rupture of membranes, several studies suggest that adding azithromycin to standard cephalosporin prophylaxis is cost-effective and reduces overall rates of endometritis, wound infection, readmission, use of antibiotics and serious maternal events. Azithromycin has effective coverage against Ureaplasma, associated with increased rates of endometritis. Although two-drug regimen has been suggested for laboring and/or patients that undergo cesarean delivery, no studies have investigated the potential benefits of two-drug regimen in non-laboring patients.