View clinical trials related to Cognitive Dysfunction.
Filter by:This study will use an anticholinergic pharmacological probe to examine attention network function in SCD using EEG. The overall hypothesis is that in older adults with SCD, normal cognitive performance is maintained by compensatory attention network activity, supported by enhanced cholinergic function. The investigators anticipate that SCD will be associated with greater compensatory attention network activity and that disrupting this compensatory process through anticholinergic challenge will result in a greater negative effect on attentional performance (Attention Network Test, ANT) and attention network functioning (EEG) in older adults with SCD compared to those without SCD.
The purpose of this research is to investigate whether patients who previously had endoprosthesis surgery experience memory, thinking, or heart problems. It will also help determine how often these problems occur.
Falling is an event that is more frequent and severe in older age. It can lead to a loss of autonomy and a decrease in quality of life. It is therefore important to understand this phenomenon in order to better prevent it. Among the multiple risk factors associated with falling, recent research has shown a link between the decline in cognitive abilities (i.e., the mental processes that form our knowledge, such as memory) and the risk of falling. However, the impact of this cognitive decline on motor skills is still poorly understood. The purpose of this research is to study how the changes induced by aging affect motor skills. This would make it possible to take a new look at the phenomenon of falls occurring in the elderly and, in the long term, to improve the prevention and rehabilitation.
It has been well documented that patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are susceptible to developing neurocognitive and musculoskeletal complications because of various factors, including the nature of the critical illness, medications, over-sedation, and pain. Neuro-stimulants are used to speed up physical and mental processes through the increase in neurotransmitter, which translates into increase in arousal, wakefulness, attention, memory, mental and motor processing speed. The investigators reviewed the literature and described the clinical characteristics for a case series of adult patients admitted to COVID and non-COVID ICU between January 2017 and June 2020, who received modafinil to promote wakefulness and improve cognition at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The secondary goals to describe the change of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) before and after the start of modafinil therapy, ICU and hospital length of stay, discharge disposition, adverse drug effects, and mortality rate.
Caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia rarely get the preparation or training they need to manage their caregiving responsibilities and to successfully balance their own self-care and their caregiving roles. As a result, caregivers often experience caregiver burden, emotional distress, and substance abuse. Therefore, there is a critical need to support the emotional and social functioning of caregivers to improve their health and well-being and to prevent caregiver burden and poor coping. Problem solving training (PST) is an evidence-based approach that teaches and empowers individuals to solve emergent problems contributing to their depressive symptoms, helps improve coping skills and increases self-efficacy. However, critical gaps in knowledge and care remain regarding the necessary components of training (eg. How many sessions? What is the influence of personal factors?) that affect how effective PST is for individual caregivers. Finally, caregiver interventions have almost exclusively been tested in English-speaking caregivers, further contributing to existing health disparities among minority groups. To address this critical need, Dr. Shannon Juengst, Assistant Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation was awarded a new Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium Collaborative Research Grant entitled, "Problem Solving Training (PST) for English- and Spanish-speaking Care Partners of Adults with Alzheimer's and Alzheimer's Related Dementia." For this project, Dr. Juengst has assembled a strong, multidisciplinary team with Dr. Gladys Maestre, Professor of Biomedical Sciences and Director of the NIA funded-Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority and Aging Research and Memory Disorders Center at UT Rio Grande Valley and Dr. Matthew Smith, Associate Professor of Environmental and Occupational Health and Co-Director of the Center for Population Health and Aging at Texas A&M University. This project will establish the necessary guidelines for an evidence-based, implementable problem-solving intervention for both English- and Spanish-speaking caregivers to improve their health and well-being and identify potential mechanisms of action for such training.
Hip fracture is recognized as one of the most serious consequences of osteoporosis, less than half regain pre-fracture independence. 95% of all hip fractures in older adults are due to falls. Thus, reducing fall risk while restoring function post-hip fracture is critical. Many with fall-related hip fractures have cognitive impairment; cognitive impairment increases the risk of falls. The purpose of this 6-month proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to assess the efficacy of the home-based Otago Exercise Program (OEP) compared with usual care in reducing fall risk among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and a fall-related hip fracture.
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is receiving increasing attention as a risk factor for incident dementia due to AD. SCD manifests prior to the onset of clinical impairment, and as such could serve as a potential target population for early intervention trials. The pathogenesis of AD is complex and involves a dysregulation of the neuroendocrine immune (NEI) system, a network of signaling molecules, such as neurotransmitters, hormones and cytokines. As a result, it may be unlikely that cognitive decline may be mitigated by drugs acting on a single specific target. Plant extracts acting at different levels of the NEI regulation could represent appealing therapeutic strategies for cognitive decline. Citrus-derived phytochemicals, like auraptene and naringenin, showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects in preclinical studies of AD mouse models and preservation of cognition in elderly without cognitive impairment. This is a pilot randomized controlled trial to determine clinical and biological effects of Citrus-phytochemicals in individuals with SCD. Participants will be randomized to receive Citrus-phytochemicals standardized in auraptene and naringenin or placebo for 9 months. Cognitive tests and blood-based biological markers will be done at baseline and at the end of treatment as outcome measures.
Navigating according to a specific goal is a common activity of everyday life. Spatial navigation requires the implementation of motor and perceptual functions (sight, walking, proprioception), but also various cognitive functions (executive functions, memory, spatial orientation skills). Many people affected by a neurodegenerative disease have topographical difficulties which have a major impact on their autonomy in daily life, by gradually limiting their movements outside their home, then inside their home, and which are the main factor leading to the institutionalization of this population. People with dementia or MCI (Mild Cognitive Impairment) of the Alzheimer type, according to the definition of the NIAA (National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association) have navigation and spatial memory disorders, with difficulty in acquiring mental spatial representations of their environment. These topographical difficulties have been shown to be related to the reduction in volume of the temporal cortex, in particular the hippocampal regions, as well as to atrophy of the retrosplenial cortex. Augmented Reality (AR), often defined as an intermediary between the totally artificial world of VR and the real world in which we operate, makes it possible in particular to add summary information to the natural environment in which a participant operates. Even if, in particular in outside environment, AR must solve many challenges, such as the integration of the real and virtual worlds in real time, the selection of the modalities of restitution of information, its use is exponential in the medical field, in particular in surgery for the assistance of the practitioner, but also in the field of sensory substitution, in particular to facilitate the movements of people with visual impairment. Other works focused in helping people with dementia of the Alzheimer type, such as those of Quintana and Favela (2012) who proposed preliminary systems of annotations in AR. Hervás et al. were the first in 2014 to test the use of augmented reality to provide navigation assistance to people with dementia. In 2017, Firouzian et al. as well as Sejunaite et al. implemented related systems. Firouzian et al. have developed spectacle frames comprising around ten LED lights in order to provide directional indications to people who moved outdoor. However, the influence of this system on navigation performance has not been tested yet. On the other hand, although simple to develop, this system requires training on the part of the users and only makes it possible to provide directional information, which is not recommended for the implementation of a tool for this population. Finally, Sejunaite et al. used an environmentally tested smart glasses to allow users to display information in the form of a map to help older people navigate independently. However, the literature review indicates that even increased card use does not seem to be suitable for people with dementia or Alzheimer's-type MCI. Finally, these two tools do not allow navigational information to be co-located in the field of vision of people, which represents one of the major advantages of augmented reality. To our knowledge, there is not yet an AR device providing co-located information in the environment dedicated to outdoor navigation of people with dementia or Alzheimer's type MCI.
This is a randomized control trial to determine if early cognitive training and rehabilitation improve 4-month cognition in hospitalized older (>=65 years old) delirious patients with and without Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Enrolled patients will be randomized to receive cognitive intervention versus usual care at a 1:2 allocation ratio. Patients assigned to the cognitive intervention group will receive cognitive training daily during hospitalization and cognitive rehabilitation weekly for 12 weeks after hospital discharge. Patients will be evaluated for global cognition (primary outcome) and secondary outcomes at 4-months.
This is a Phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study on the CNS and pharmacodynamic effects of CST-103 co-administered with CST-107 in 4 subject populations with Neurodegenerative Disorders.