Chronic Heart Failure Clinical Trial
Official title:
Measuring Fear of Physical Activity in Patients With Heart Failure Using Questionnaires and Physiological Parameters
The study's aims are twofold: First, to examine physiological correlates of fear of physical
activity (PA) and second, to examine correlates between fear of PA and interoceptive
abilities in patients with chronic heart failure and healthy persons. Patients' fear of PA
will be assessed via the "Fear of Activity in Situations - Heart Failure" (FActS-HF)
questionnaire. The patient group will be split into two subgroups: One with high fear of PA
and the second with low fear of PA based on FActS-HF scores. Fear of PA will be assessed via
an adapted version of FActS-HF in a sample of healthy persons (control group). Each member of
the high-fear-of-PA group will be individually age- and sex-matched with one member of the
low-fear-of-PA group and control group. The participants of all three groups undergo the same
experimental trials.
Aim 1: The "startle paradigm" will be used to investigate the physiological component of fear
of PA. The startle paradigm is based on empirical observations that the startle reflex is
larger after the priming with unpleasant stimuli and inhibited after the priming with
pleasant stimuli. The participants will be primed with various words including those words
associated with physical activity that are expected to be unpleasant in patients with high
fear of PA. The startle reflex will be triggered by air puffs on the eyes (startle probes)
and measured via facial electromyography (EMG). We assume that startle responses primed with
PA related words are stronger in patients with high fear of PA compared to the other groups.
Aim 2: Interoceptive accuracy will be assessed via the "Schandry test" and interoceptive
awareness will be assessed via the "Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness"
(MAIA) questionnaire. During the Schandry test the participants will be instructed to
subjectively count their heart rate without any aid or tools. The heart rate will be
objectively measured at the same time via ECG. A high congruence of the objective and
subjective results indicates a high interoception ability, and is assumed to be correlated
with fear of physical activity. Additionally, we expect the MAIA and FActS scores to be
correlated.
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