View clinical trials related to Child Abuse.
Filter by:Child abuse is defined as "Any act of commission or omission that endangers or impairs child's physical, sexual, or emotional health and development". According to The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Child physical abuse CPA is defined as "The intentional use of physical force against a child that result in, or has the potential to result in, physical injury". Child abuse and neglect may occur in any family, and it isn't confined to certain geographic, ethnic, or socioeconomic background. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimation, around forty million children suffer from different forms of abuse, and require health and social care. WHO has estimated that in year 2000 nearly fifty-seven thousand children under fifteen years old were dead because of abuse, with the highest rate in children between zero to four years old. In 2014, WHO estimated that 23% of children worldwide were subjected to physical abuse. Dentists are the best to detect children who are at abuse risk, since more than fifty percent of abuse injuries occur at head and neck region, and they are the first to see and treat orofacial region. Studies have shown that while dentists are in a good position to detect and report abuse, few of them do report abuse cases. The main causes of not reporting CPA are lack of adequate history, inability, and hesitancy in diagnosing the abuse, fear that it may affect the reputation of their clinic, worry about what will happen to the child and his family, and unfamiliarity with child protection policy in their workplace. The Egyptian law obligates dentists to report any suspected case of child abuse. Many studies have been published assessing dentists' knowledge and practice of CPA diagnosis and reporting. However, to our knowledge, there are no published data available about Egyptian dentists' cognition of CPA signs and diagnosis, and their actual participation in reporting suspected cases.
The current study aims to elaborate the effectiveness of stay safe programme which is a child abuse prevention programme for children, this study examine the effectiveness of this programme on children and teachers of Multan city schools. Mainly, this study enhance the understanding of teachers and children to provide protection and confidence by following programme.
Alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse and violence in families are co-occurring risk factors that drive health disparities and mortality among Native Americans (NA), making the long-term goal of this research is to promote health and wellness, while preventing and reducing AOD abuse and violence in NA families by testing an efficacious, sustainable, culturally-relevant and family-centered intervention for cross-national dissemination. The central hypothesis is that the sustainable and community-based Weaving Healthy Families program, will reduce and postpone AOD use among NA adults and youth, decrease and prevent violence in families, and promote resilience and wellness (including mental health) among NA adults and youth. The expected outcomes of the proposed research are an efficacious, culturally relevant, and sustainable community based program to promote health and wellness that will address the factors that drive health disparities and promote individual, family, and community resilience.
Child maltreatment is a leading cause of death and disability in children. More than 3 million reports to Child Protective Services are made every year in the US and almost 1,600 children die annually due to maltreatment. Children who are victims of maltreatment often have significant lifelong adverse health, social, and economic consequences. Accurate and timely recognition of the early signs of child maltreatment is critical to decreasing morbidity and mortality. A significant proportion of children who suffer severe morbidity and/or mortality from maltreatment had been previously evaluated by physician(s) who did not recognize the abuse. The American Academy of Pediatrics has evidence-based recommendations for the testing which should be done as part of the medical evaluation of children with suspected physical abuse. However, despite these evidence-based recommendations, physicians fail to consistently screen for and evaluate for abuse even in high-risk situations. The investigators have developed and evaluated what the investigators believe to be the first, comprehensive electronic health record (EHR) based child abuse clinical decision support (CA-CDS). This EHR-based CA-CDS system informs medical care at multiple points during the care for a potentially maltreated child, beginning with identification of suspected abuse to the handing off of information to CPS which has a mandate to protect children who are victims of suspected maltreatment. The investigators are disseminating the following aspects of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) based child abuse- clinical decision support (CA-CDS) system which they developed as part of the investigator's initial PCORI grant. 1. a universal child abuse screen (CAS) - supports identification of maltreatment 2. an embedded child abuse alert system - supports identification of maltreatment 3. alerts to physicians and advanced practice providers - supports identification of maltreatment 4. physical abuse order set - supports proper evaluation of suspected physical abuse 5. documentation assistance for making reports of suspected maltreatment to Child Protective Services - supports mandated reporting The primary objective is to disseminate and implement CA-CDS in two different EHRs in two hospital systems - Northwell Health (NY) and University of Wisconsin (WI) - and to assess whether the CA-CDS improves identification, evaluation and mandated reporting of child maltreatment. Aim #1 is to compare the rates of identification of possible child abuse - defined as reports to Child Protective Services - before and after integration of CA-CDS into the EHR among children presenting to 5 Emergency Departments in two different health systems. Aim #2 is to compare the rate of physician compliance with American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for evaluation of suspected physical abuse before and after integration of CA-CDS into the EHR in 5 Emergency Departments in two health care systems. Once the D&I is complete, the investigators will have demonstrated the feasibility of implementing the CA-CDS in the three EHRs which make up 85% of all the US EHRs. This is a critical step towards the goal of having a CA-CDS as a standard EHR component.
1. Knowledge and attitude of dental interns of the pediatric dental department regarding child abuse recognition and reporting will be assessed 2 times before and after attending one of 2 learning modules ( interactive lecture or online module ) assessment through a questionnaire 2. assessment of the learning experience through a written questionnaire
To date, no interventions to prevent violence in refugee camp schools have ever been rigorously evaluated. The primary objective of this project is to test the effectiveness of the Empateach intervention to prevent physical violence from teachers to students in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp, Tanzania. Secondary objectives are to assess the impact of the Empateach intervention on student's depressive symptoms, experience of emotional violence and educational test scores. A two arm cluster RCT with parallel assignment will be conducted.
This study will implement and evaluate a mentoring program designed to promote positive youth development and reduce adverse outcomes among maltreated adolescents with open child welfare cases. Teenagers who have been maltreated are at heightened risk for involvement in delinquency, substance use, and educational failure as a result of disrupted attachments with caregivers and exposure to violence within their homes and communities. Although youth mentoring is a widely used prevention approach nationally, it has not been rigorously studied for its effects in preventing these adverse outcomes among maltreated youth involved in the child welfare system. This randomized controlled trial will permit us to implement and evaluate the Fostering Healthy Futures for Teens (FHF-T) program, which will use mentoring and skills training within an innovative positive youth development (PYD) framework to promote adaptive functioning and prevent adverse outcomes. Graduate student mentors will deliver 9 months of prevention programming in teenagers' homes and communities. Mentors will focus on helping youth set and reach goals that will improve their functioning in five targeted "REACH" domains: Relationships, Education, Activities, Career, and Health. In reaching those goals, mentors will help youth build social-emotional skills associated with preventing adverse outcomes (e.g., emotion regulation, communication, problem solving). The randomized controlled trial will enroll 234 racially and ethnically diverse 8th and 9th grade youth (117 intervention, 117 control), who will provide data at baseline prior to randomization, immediately post-program and 15 months post program follow-up. The aims of the study include testing the efficacy of FHF-T for high-risk 8th and 9th graders in preventing adverse outcomes and examining whether better functioning in positive youth development domains mediates intervention effects. It is hypothesized that youth randomly assigned to the FHF-T prevention condition, relative to youth assigned to the control condition, will evidence better functioning on indices of positive youth development in the REACH domains leading to better long-term outcomes, including adaptive functioning, high school graduation, career attainment/employment, healthy relationships, and quality of life.
This project is to create and test a "clinical process support system" that will improve the ability of primary child health care providers (PCPs) to screen for and address family stressors during routine child health visits that are associated with negative child outcomes in a manner that is feasible and acceptable to both clinicians and parents.
This work aims to evaluate an approach for improving federal legislators' use of evidence-known as the Research-to-Policy Collaboration (RPC) - which seeks to address known barriers to policymakers' use of research, including a lack of personal contact between researchers and policymakers and limited relevance of research translation efforts to current policy priorities. The RPC involves structured processes for identifying policymakers' priorities, building researchers' capacity for nonpartisan responses to current policy priorities, and facilitating ongoing and productive researcher-policymaker interactions. This implementation of the RPC will focus on child and family policies relevant to child maltreatment. This study assesses both processes for collaboration and policymakers' use of research within a randomized controlled trial (RCT) employing a mixed methods approach-including quantitative and qualitative evaluation of impact. The proposed project will be guided by three overarching questions: 1. How does the RPC impact researchers and legislative staff? 2. How does the RPC impact legislative activity? 3. How might perceptions and experiences of collaboration through the RPC relate to different forms of evidence use among researchers and policymakers? The RPC's effectiveness will be tested through experimental design (randomization) using qualitative and quantitative assessments of researcher-policymaker interactions and impact. This includes surveying congressional staff and researchers, reviewing records of policymaker's public statements and introduced legislation, and conducting qualitative interviews around researchers' and legislative staffs' experiences with researcher-policymaker collaboration prior to and during the RPC.
Adolescents who have experienced adversity (childhood maltreatment and other forms of broader victimisation experiences) will be randomly allocated to receive a 5-session cognitive bias modification training (with attention and interpretation bias modification modules) or a control condition. Outcome measures include measures of cognitive biases and symptoms of psychopathology; in addition, in a subset of adolescents, brain activity data will be acquired. All adolescents will complete a feedback form, upon which acceptability of the intervention will be assessed.