View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:Rotation or flexion of the cervical spine is unavoidable during positioning for some surgical procedures as carotid endarterectomy, thyroidectomy and surgery of the shoulder. Rotation or flexion may reduce blood flow in the carotid or vertebral arteries and induce intraoperative cerebral ischemia with impact on the neurological outcome of surgery. Predominantly if the circulus willisii is incomplete because of congenital variation, collateral arteries may not be sufficient to compensate reduced blood flow in one carotid or vertebral artery. This may be aggravated by intraoperative hypotension in limits tolerable under normal conditions but fatal during impairment of vascular conductivity by positioning. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is a final large scale pathway of cerebral blood flow and hence relevant reduction of flow in the MCA may serve as a surrogate parameter for relevant reduction of cerebral blood flow caused by carotid stretching or narrowing. Objective of this study is to investigate, if MCA blood flow in normal male and female subjects, aged 18 to 85 years, is reduced in extended and rotated cervical spine position in comparison to neutral position.
Apelins are substances which occur naturally in the body, and have an important role in heart disease. They have been shown to make blood vessels dilate, and improve the way the heart works. The investigators have devised 2 sets of experiments to investigate how the apelins affect blood vessels. In the first group of experiments,the investigators will give healthy volunteers up to 3 different apelin substances, and use special research techniques to see how they affect the way that blood vessels work in the forearm. In the second group of experiments, the apelins will be given along with another form of apelin which blocks the effects of apelin in laboratory experiments. The investigators want to see if it blocks the effects of apelin in healthy humans. The investigators intend to test the hypothesis that: Apelin agonists are vasodilators in human resistance vessels, this effect will be blocked by an apelin receptor antagonist. This study will help us to understand more about how apelins work, and to suggest how they might be used to treat heart disease.
Epidemiological studies suggest that certain foods rich in flavanols, including cocoa products, red wine, and tea, are associated with decreased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Dietary interventional studies have corroborated this finding and showed that flavanols can acutely and after sustained ingestion improve surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk including endothelial function. Endothelial dysfunction is the key event in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Aging is the major non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factor associated with progressive decline in endothelial function, vascular stiffening and increase in blood pressure. However, in addition to flavanols, other potentially bioactive compounds are present in cocoa, in particular methylxanthines. Little is known about the vascular effects of cocoa methylxanthines, i.e. mainly theobromine, in particular when consumed together with flavanols in cocoa products. The aim of the study is to characterize the nutrient-nutrient interaction between cocoa flavanols and cocoa methylxanthines.
This study will compare two arms in a randomized clinical trial of cardiovascular risk prevention in women with a history of preeclampsia. The first arm will provide postpartum patients and their clinicians with the American Heart Association's (AHA) Class I Lifestyle Recommendations for women with a history of preeclampsia. The second arm will additionally receive access to a customized patient-informed online program with modules on how to achieve the AHA recommendations for diet, activity and weight management.
Epidemiological studies suggest that certain foods rich in flavanols, including cocoa products, red wine, and tea, are associated with decreased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Dietary interventional studies have corroborated this finding and showed that flavanols can acutely and after sustained ingestion improve surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk including endothelial function. Endothelial dysfunction is the key event in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study is to assess sex specific effects of cocoa flavanols on endothelial and vascular function in healthy subjects.
The purpose of this study is to to determine the effect of habituation to diets with different types of dietary fat (stearic, palmitic and oleic) on selected Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk indicators with an emphasis on inflammation.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women. Premenopausal women have a lower risk of CVD compared with men of a similar age. However, the incidence of CVD increases greatly after the menopause. The risk of heart disease is strongly associated with the health of an individual's blood vessels. It is thought that changes to the type of fat the investigators eat in their diet may affect the normal functioning and elasticity of the blood vessels, as well as affect cholesterol levels in the blood. Types of fat in the diet include monounsaturated fats (found mainly in olive oil), n-6 polyunsaturated fats (found mainly in sunflower oil) and saturated fats (found mainly in dairy products, such as butter and cheese). Since the investigators are in the fed (or postprandial) state for up to 18 hours of the day, it is important to see how these different fats affect the investigators blood vessels and blood fats over the course of the day after eating a meal. The aim of this study is to determine how consuming meals rich in saturated fats, n-6 polyunsaturated fats or monounsaturated fats influence the normal functioning and elasticity of the blood vessels throughout the day in postmenopausal women. A secondary aim is to determine the effects of these different dietary fats on a range of accepted heart disease risk markers including circulating levels of fats (lipids) and glucose in the blood.
The active strategy for dissemination and implementation of Share Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) will yield greater reach of clinicians, be adopted by the practices more readily, and a greater uptake of use amongst encounters will be seen. The Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI) is a nonprofit organization with expertise in large-scale practice improvement at the state and national level. Largely funded by health organizations in Minnesota, ICSI has a sustainable model to translate evidence into practice, through clinical practice guidelines, shared decision making, and practice redesign. A partnership between these two organizations (ICSI and Mayo Clinic) may lead to a sustainable and innovative approach to the dissemination of evidence-based health information at the point of care. The objective of the current study is therefore to leverage the expertise of these two organizations to compare the impact of an active to a passive dissemination and implementation strategy of the ShareEBM toolkit. The aim of the study is to disseminate evidence-based information through the use of decision aids during encounters. The overall purpose of the qualitative evaluation is to understand why decision aids were used more or less in certain practices and what factors contributed to or hindered this uptake.
The hypothesis of the present study is that physical training can oppose detrimental changes in cardiovascular and metabolic health associated with estrogen loss after menopause.
Aldosterone and its target the mineralocorticoid receptor are implied in development of cardiovascular disease such as arterial high blood pressure or cardiac failure. Serum aldosterone level is insufficient to know if the mineralocorticoid receptor is activated or not. The aim of this study is to identify biomarkers of mineralocorticoid receptor activity. The first "candidate biomarker" is Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) or "lipocalin" which being measured in blood or in the urine. According to scientific knowledge's evolution, others biomarkers could be tested later thanks to the blood or urinary samples taken during study.