View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:The Women's Ischemia Study Evaluation (WISE), a cohort study of over 1000 women, has made many contributions to the understanding of cardiovascular disease. A milestone acknowledged in the 2011 AHA Herrick Lecture is the role of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction (CMD) in women with symptoms/signs of ischemia without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). While in 1996, CMD was considered "an imaging artifact", in 2013, it is a widely accepted as a pathophysiologic process requiring systematic cohesive scientific pursuit. CMD is prevalent, associated with adverse clinical outcomes, poor quality of life and healthcare costs rivaling obstructive CAD. There are 2-3 million US women with CMD, and 100,000 new cases projected annually placing CMD prevalence, morbidity and costs higher than all female reproductive cancers combined. Among women with ischemia, preserved ejection fraction and no obstructive CAD, it has been observed that there are relatively more new onset heart failure (HF) hospitalizations than nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI). It has been hypothesized that CMD contributes to left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and subsequent heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Preliminary data further suggests that left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is linked to CMD via a mechanism of augmentation and/or perpetuation by cardiomyocyte fat accumulation. HFpEF is prevalent in women and older men, but poorly understood. Mechanistic understanding is critical to HFpEF intervention and guideline development. The study hypotheses are as follows: 1. Risk factor conditions (hypertension, dyslipidemia, dysglycemia, loss of estrogen) promote an inflammatory and pro-oxidative state making the microvasculature vulnerable; 2. Vulnerable coronary microvasculature becomes dysregulated (sympathetic nervous system activation, endothelial dysfunction, changes in vascular smooth muscle activation, spasm) causing repeated episodes of transient ischemia; 3. Repeated ischemia-reperfusion episodes facilitate preconditioning with preservation of cardiomyocyte contractile and microvascular function against ischemic injury; 4. Ischemia-reperfusion and preconditioning lead to cardiomyocyte fat accumulation and relaxation impairment resulting in diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
The aim of the present study is to determine the cardiovascular function/ cardio respiratory interaction on spontaneous breathing trials in patients with prolonged weaning.
Prehypertension is a predisposing condition for morbidity inhypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Health education via electronic pathways such as mobile text messaging or virtual communities may provide more availability and adherence than printed media. Regarding lower costs of such electronic resources and continuity of interventions through these ways, assessing their effectiveness compared to a printed material may help health educators to choose proper methods for improve their educational attempts. Therefore, the current study aims to compare different tools for health education about healthy lifestyle in people with prehypertension. For this, educational interventions with similar content among 3 groups of people will be conducted (i.e., first group via mobile text messaging, second group using virtual communities, and third group by brochures as a printed media). A control group also will be considered without any intervention. Several phases are considered in the study. In phase 1 using health centers located in Qazvin city, people would be invited to a free screening program of prehypertension. Then, an eligible sample will be divided in three groups using a random allocation process (each one including 100-150 people with prehypertension). The blood pressure and health promotion lifestyle profile II (HPLP II) will be measured before intervention. A standard educational content using approaches of lifestyle promotion defined in HPLP II would be available for intervention groups during a time period of 1 month concurrently. At final phase, one month after termination of intervention blood pressure as primary outcome and lifestyle changes along with self-efficacy for lifestyle modification as secondary outcomes will be measured. This study may suggest effective ways for health education which is applicable by health care professionals to promote health status among peopleat risk of hypertension.
Background: Studies show that rare genetic variants might lead to diseases. Researchers want to collect blood and tissue samples so they can study them and better understand diseases. Objective: To collect blood and tissue samples for studies to identify underlying causes of disease. Eligibility: People of all ages Design: Participants will have blood and/or tissue samples collected. Samples can be collected at the NIH Clinical Center. Participants doctors can collect the samples and send them to NIH. NIH staff can collect samples off site. For blood samples, blood is taken from an arm vein using a needle. Tissue collection may involve: Buccal smear: Cells are collected by scraping the inside of the cheek with a cotton swab. Saliva collection: Participants spit into a cup. Skin biopsy: A special needle takes a very small skin sample. Surgical waste tissue: If participants have surgery, NIH may receive samples of tissue that would routinely be removed. Umbilical cord or cord blood collection: If a participant has a baby, NIH may receive a small piece of the umbilical cord or blood from the cord once the baby is delivered.
In Europe, breast cancer is by far the most common form of cancer diagnosed in women today, accounting for 29% of all cases. The 5-year survival rate is approximately 90%. Surgery is usually combined with radiotherapy (RT), anthracyclines, aromatase inhibitors and/or trastuzumab (Herceptin) which all have improved the life expectancy and survival in breast cancer patients. Unfortunately, RT is associated with a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases, which includes coronary artery disease, valvular dysfunction, congestive heart failure and stroke, and is the most common non-malignancy cause of death. During the last two decades, RT regimens for breast cancer have changed and the doses of radiation to which the heart is exposed are now potentially lower due to new and improved RT techniques. However, there are no data on whether these new regimes decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases will be estimated 8 and 15 years after both conventional and laser assisted breath controlled RT, and compared with cardiovascular diseases in the general female population. A further aim is to evaluate signs and prevalence of acute cardiotoxicity from RT with the use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, coronary fractional flow reserve, ECG and inflammatory and cardiac biomarkers and to investigate whether these signs can predict later cardiovascular disease. The importance of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (age, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking habits and physical activity, as registered before RT) will also be evaluated.
China PEACE Millions Persons Project is a national screening project for cardiovascular disease in China. This Project was approved by National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), China and founded by Ministry of Finance, China in 2014. The specific objectives of the project are to: 1. identify subjects at high-risk of CVD and provide counseling for medication and lifestyle improvements 2. evaluate the feasibility of such screening methods for subjects at high risk of CVD, and to assess the effect of health counseling on CVD incidence rates and risk factors control 3. inform future intervention and long-term follow up efforts for primary and secondary CVD prevention in China.
This observation will look at patient care decisions of the primary healthcare provider utilizing the results of the DNA testing of patients' metabolic pathways using 2C19, 2C9, 2D6, 3A4, Factor II, Factor V and MTHFR and VKORC1. Findings of the data collection will be published to optimize the benefits of pharmacogenomics testing and publish health outcomes.
The purpose of the study is to generate early US feasibility data of the CardiAQ™ Transcatheter Mitral Valve Implant System. The study will enroll patients with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation who are considered high risk for mortality and morbidity from conventional open-heart surgery.
The purpose of this multicenter, two component observational and standardized case-control study is to evaluate risk factors of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding with a prospective 3-month and 12-month follow-up to examine outcomes and their possible causes.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of (sub)clinical cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic abnormalities among long-term breast cancer survivors treated with or without anthracyclines in order to identify patients at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.