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Filter by:Liver cancer is a major cause of death among patients of east or southeast asian descent, as well as other population groups, notably in central and west Africa. Diagnosis of liver cancer requires a combination of several imaging techniques and biopsies. Despite this, diagnosis can remain inconclusive or difficult to establish in patients at risk for liver cancer. The purpose of this multi-center trial is to evaluate novel imaging methods developed to diagnose the most common form of liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma. We propose to use novel imaging probes that have been reported to bind to liver cancers but not benign liver lesions that can be confused with liver cancer. Two such imaging probes will be evaluated. 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, called [18F]FDG, is a radioactive sugar that is widely used for cancer imaging with a device called positron emission tomography, or PET scans. We already know that [18F]FDG cannot detect some liver cancers that are slow growing. [18F]Fluorocholine ([18F]FCH), another molecule, has been recently reported to be highly effective at detecting liver cancer. In 2010, a French researcher reported 80-90% detection rate by using [18F]FCH alone or in combination with [18F]FDG. We will compare [18F]FCH and [18F]FDG in evaluating 150 patients over a period of two years. The results will be correlated with those of biopsies and clinical follow-up. This study will provide valuable data on whether these imaging agents can successfully differentiate malignant liver lesions from benign ones. It will also provide information about whether these imaging agents can successfully assess whether the cancer has spread outside the liver. It will provide data that will allow physicians to determine the optimal imaging protocol to properly diagnose liver cancer.
HCC is classified as keratin (K) 19 positive or K19 negative. K19 is a biliary/hepatic progenitor cell (HPC) marker only expressed in a subset of HCC with poor prognosis and high risk of early recurrence after treatment; particularly in radio-frequency ablation (RFA). These patients consequently show worse survival compared to patients with K19 negative HCC. A recent publication has shown the value of pretreatment biopsy with K19 staining and suggests that the role of routine biopsies in potentially curable HCC should be reconsidered. However, currently, pretreatment biopsies are rarely performed in the diagnosis of HCC due to the excellent performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detection, diagnosis and staging of cirrhotic livers. Previous publications have indicated imaging patterns that may be associated with worse prognostic tumoral parameters. If MRI determined imaging parameters could indeed provide a surrogate marker for presence of K19 and/or microvascular invasion as potential important prognostic factors in RFA of HCC, these imaging parameters may thus hold prognostic information towards RFA treatment and possibly predict treatment outcome. . The purpose of the retrospective study is thus to evaluate MRI determined imaging parameters at pretreatment MRI for their predictive value towards outcome (disease free survival) of radio-frequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. If successful, pretreatment MRI parameters may be used for selecting patient with high risk of unfavorable outcome after RFA and select the patients for more aggressive treatment such as surgical resection or upfront transplantation.
The purpose of the study is to determine whether transarterial chemoembolization containing arsenic trioxide is safe and effective in the treatment of intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.
The present study is a randomized, control, phase II study of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with Gemcitabine plus cisplatin regimen (GP) or Docetaxel，cisplatin regimen plus 5-Fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common cancer of urinary tract. Patients with metastatic UC are usually treated with systemic chemotherapy. There still existed 30% to 50% of advanced UC not responsive to cisplatin-based chemotherapy; the prognosis for patients with metastatic UC remains poor.
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignancy and the incidence is increasing by years in Taiwan. Chemoresistance was inevitable in treatment of metastatic disease and lead to the ominous outcomes. To develop novel therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance is imperative. Cancer cells uptake glucose at higher rates than normal tissue but use most of glucose for glycolysis even under normoxia condition, which is known as the Warburg effect. Pyruvate kinase (PK) catalyzes the last step in the process of glycolysis, and one of it isoform--PKM2 has been reported to be associated with tumor progression and some specific tissues and promotes the Warburg effect in cancer cells.
Treatment of locally advanced and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the lung involves the use of chemotherapy as the therapeutic mainstay. Platinum-etoposide regimens (such as cisplatin-etoposide) are the most commonly used chemotherapeutic regimen, which is delivered intravenously in the standard three-weekly intervals. Recent interest in oral metronomic chemotherapy has arisen, especially due to its beneficial effects in delaying disease progression among heavily pre-treated patients with various malignancies. This study attempts to combine the use of metronomic chemotherapy concurrently during standard intravenous chemotherapy.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world. Partial hepatectomy is still considered as the conventional therapy for HCC. Intrahepatic recurrence of HCC after partial hepatectomy is common and was reported to be more than 77% within 5 years after surgery. Repeat hepatectomy is an effective treatment for intrahepatic HCC recurrence, with a 5-year survival rate of 19.4-56%. This is comparable to the survival after initial hepatectomy for HCC. Unfortunately, repeat hepatectomy could be carried out only in a small proportion of patients with HCC recurrence (10.4-31%), either because of the poor functional liver reserve or because of widespread intrahepatic recurrence. In the past two decades, percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) has emerged as a new treatment modality and has attracted great interest because of its effectiveness and safety for small HCC (≤ 5.0 cm). Studies using PRFA to treat recurrent HCC after partial hepatectomy reported a 3-year survival rate of 62-68%, which is comparable to those achieved by surgery. PRFA is particularly suitable to treat recurrent HCC after partial hepatectomy because these tumors are usually detected when they are small and PRFA causes the least deterioration of liver function in the patients. Our previous retrospective study demonstrated that RFA was comparable to re-resection for recurrent HCC, and our recent RCT showed that RFA combined with TACE is superior to RFA for HCC ≤7.0cm. So our hypothesis is that RFA combined with TACE is superior to re-resection for recurrent small HCC. The aim of this retrospective study is to compare the outcome of reresection with TACE+RFA for small recurrent HCC after partial hepatectomy.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Dendritic and Cytokine-induced Killer Cells (DC-CIK) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
To compare the Disease free survival (DFS) rate of a preoperative cetuximab treatment followed by operation and postoperative radiation-cisplatin-cetuximab treatment paradigm for advanced oral cavity cancer, , with the DFS rate of historical controls (from the RTOG 9501 and EORTC 22931 studies in which treatment was with surgery followed by radiotherapy and cisplatin) with a similar stage of the disease.