View clinical trials related to Carcinoma.
Filter by:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy with most patients developing HCC due to chronic liver diseases. Unfortunately, HCC has a morality to incidence ratio that approaches 1. Among the etiological factors associated with HCC, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are major risk factors. Despite HBV vaccination programs and effective direct antiviral agents (DAA) for treatment of HCV, the incidence of virus-related HCC remains high. HCV eradication by antiviral treatment reduces but does not eliminate HCC risk. Patients with HCV-related cirrhosis require HCC surveillance even after sustained virologic response (SVR) due to a persistent risk of HCC even years after SVR . In Egypt, HCC represents the fourth common cancer and is the most common cause of mortality-related and morbidity-related cancer. Egypt ranks the third and 15th most populous country in Africa and worldwide, respectively, and the Egyptian health authorities consider HCC as one of the most challenging health problems for the current decade. Both HCC screening and monitoring efforts have improved significantly since 2018 as a result of the national screening campaign .The early diagnosis of HCC is essential to initiate curative treatments to improve short term and long-term prognosis. Therefore, highly effective methods are needed to detect HCC at an earlier stage. American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) guidelines recommend the periodic use of ultrasound scanning (USS), with or without Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) evaluation, for HCC surveillance. However, suboptimal performance of USS has been reported, with its sensitivity being compromised by the extent of liver cirrhosis, high body mass index (BMI), etiology of liver disease, expertise of the operator and quality of the equipment. Moreover, its sensitivity and specificity for early-stage HCC was found to be rather low . Serum biomarkers play an essential role in diagnosing HCC, as biomarkers are often more convenient, inexpensive, non-invasive, and reproducible . Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a widely used biomarker for HCC diagnosis. The diagnostic accuracy of AFP is limited, however, due to its high false-negative rate to detect small or early stage tumors. As previous studies have demonstrated, the sensitivity of AFP among patients with HCC was 52% for tumors > 3cm and dropped to only 25% for tumors < 3cm. In addition, AFP may also be elevated in some benign liver diseases, such as chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis even in the absence of HCC.
This is a Phase 2, open-label, 2-cohort clinical study evaluating RP3 in combination with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab as First- or Second-line Systemic Therapy in patients with locoregionally advanced and/or metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma not amenable to surgical resection or standard locoregionally directed therapies.
The entire treatment process is divided into two phases: Phase I SBRT combined with PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody (AK104) and Phase II AK104 single-agent maintenance therapy.
This study is designed to investigate a novel approach to offer more ESRD participants the benefits associated with renal transplantation by increasing the supply of available allografts
This is a phase 3, multicentri, randomised, open label study. The purpose is to investigate the safety and efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and lenvatinib (LEN) in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus.
This is a randomized, open-label, positive-controlled, multicenter Phase Ш study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mitoxantrone hydrochloride liposome injection combined with capecitabine versus capecitabine monotherapy in patients with recurrent metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Single center, phase I/II randomized 2-arm study, evaluating two different vaccination regimens combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide in patients with advanced high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC): - Arm A patients will be vaccinated with a personalized peptide vaccine comprised of autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) loaded with patient-specific peptides (PEP-DC1 vaccine) identified a priori at screening (8 patients); - Arm B patients will be vaccinated with a personalized tumor lysate vaccine comprising autologous moDC loaded with patient-specific autologous oxidized tumor lysate (OC-DC vaccine), followed by PEP-DC2 vaccine comprised of autologous moDC loaded with up to 10 patient-specific peptides identified midway through OC-DC vaccination (8 patients). In both arms, patients will receive a low dose cyclophosphamide the day before vaccination. Patients will be vaccinated after the end of adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy, until vaccine exhaustion, disease recurrence, major toxicity or patient withdrawal, whichever is earlier.
This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of aprepitant combined with granisetron and dexamethasone versus granisetron and dexamethasone in the prevention of nausea and vomiting in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC).
This is a two-center open-label non-randomized proof of principle study consisting of a dose-finding part (phase I) and phase II study with Simon two-stage design investigating the anti-tumor activity of the combination of capecitabine and galunisertib in patients with colorectal cancer with peritoneal metastases.
Thyroid cancer is a common head and neck malignancy. It is the most common endocrine tumor in the body accounting for 1% of all cancers worldwide. The incidence of thyroid cancer varies worldwide. Most countries have reported an upward trend in its incidence. Thyroid cancer encompass the most common well-differentiated papillary carcinoma (80% of all thyroid cancers) and follicular carcinoma (15%), as well as poorly differentiated carcinoma (< 1%) and anaplastic carcinoma (< 2%). Papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) are the most commonly encountered thyroid malignancies. The diagnosis of PTC is based on the special nuclear features such as overlapping of nuclei, intranuclear inclusions, optical clearing, anisonucleosis and nuclear grooves. However, it is often difficult to differentiate PTC from benign papillary thyroid hyperplasia . As differentiation between benign or malignant thyroid lesions has clinical, therapeutic, and prognostic significance, it is necessary to make accurate diagnosis by using biomarkers. Recently, a large number of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers have been studied to assist in differentiating non-neoplastic lesions from malignant thyroid lesions. CK19, galectin-3, TG, Ki67, BRAF, calcitonin, HBME-1, TTF-1, and RET are some of the examples of these IHC markers. Galectin-3 is a 31-kDa β-galactoside binding lectin. It has been shown to be expressed by several types of non-neoplastic and neoplastic cells, and it is involved in cell-cell adhesion and in cell-matrix interactions.