Outcome
| Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
| Primary |
Change from baseline in pain-related disability, as measured by the Brief Pain Inventory - Pain Interference scale, at 3-month post-intervention. |
The primary outcome is pain-related disability, as measured by the Brief Pain Inventory - Pain Interference scale. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - Pain Interference consists of 7 numerical scales (0 to 10) rating pain interference with general activity, mood, walking ability, work, relations with other people, sleep and enjoyment of life. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in pain severity, as measured by the Brief Pain Inventory - Pain Severity scale, at 3 months post-intervention |
Pain Severity will be measured using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - Pain Severity. The BPI consists of 4 numerical scales (0 to 10) rating pain severity at its worst, at its least, on average, and at the time of filling out the measure. Each severity question is analyzed individually. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in mood states, as measured by the Profile of Mood States scale, at 3 months post-intervention |
The Profile of Mood States (POMS-2A) will be used to measure mood disturbance. Participants are asked to rate 65 adjectives using a 5-point likert scale ( 0= not at all, to 4 = extremely) based on how they have been feeling during the past week, including the day they are filling out the questionnaire. A total mood disturbance score is calculated, as well as scores for 6 sub-scales: depression, tension-anxiety, anger-hostility, vigor-activity, fatigue, confusion-bewilderment. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Overall change in status from baseline, as measured by Patient Global Impression of Change scale, at 3 months post-intervention |
The participants' perceived degree of change in overall status will be measured using the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale. The PGIC uses a 7-point likert scale (very much worse, to very much better) to measure how much the participant feels their overall status has changed since the start of the study. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in depressive symptoms, as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 scale, at 3 months post-intervention |
The Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ-9) is a 9-item scale used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms over the past two weeks and is based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) diagnostic criteria for major depression. Total scores range from 0 to 27, and clinical cut-points correspond to mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in pain catastrophizing, as measured by the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, at 3 months post-intervention. |
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) is a 13-item instrument which will evaluate the degree to which patients have negative self-statements and catastrophizing thoughts and ideations when in pain. The PCS uses a 5-point likert scale (0=not at all, 4=all the time) and consists of three subscales (rumination, magnification, helplessness). |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in mindfulness, as measured by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, at 3 months post-intervention. |
Mindfulness will be measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). The FFMQ is a 39-item instrument measuring five aspects of mindfulness: Non-reactivity to inner experience, observing, describing, acting with awareness, and non-judging of experience. Participants are asked to use a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = never or rarely true; 5 = very often or always true) to rate how true of them they believe each statement to be. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in quality of life, as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General, at 3 months post-intervention. |
Quality of life will be measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G). The FACT-G is a 27-item instrument containing general statements which fall within four domains of quality of life: Physical Well-Being, Social/Family Well-Being, Emotional Well-Being, and Functional Well-Being. Participants are asked to respond to each statement using a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not at all) to 4 (very much) to indicate how true the statement is for them over the previous seven days. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in fatigue, as measured by the Brief Fatigue Inventory, at 3 months post-intervention. |
Fatigue will be measured using the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI). The BFI is a 9-item instrument that measures fatigue severity and the impact it has had on participants' day-to-day functioning in the previous 24 hours. Participants are asked to rate their fatigue at the time of completion as well as their average fatigue and worst fatigue over the previous 24 hours on an 11-point Likert scale from 0 (no fatigue) to 10 (as bad as you can imagine), and the degree to which their fatigue has interfered with their general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with others, and enjoyment of life over the previous 24 hours on an 11-point Likert scale from 0 (does not interfere) to 10 (completely interferes). |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in fear of cancer recurrence, as measured by the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory, at 3 months post-intervention. |
Fear of cancer recurrence will be measured using the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI). The FCRI is a 42-item instrument that measures seven factors of cancer recurrence: triggers, severity, psychological distress, functional impairment, insight, reassurance, and coping strategies. Participants respond to questions using a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not at all or never) to 4 (a great deal or all the time). The scale provides a global score as well as seven sub-scale scores; one for each factor. A higher score indicates higher levels of fear of cancer recurrence. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
|
| Secondary |
Change from baseline in immune function, as measured by blood levels of tumor necrosis factor - alpha interleukin-6, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, and c-reactive protein at 3 months post-intervention. |
Immune function, with particular attention to the following parameters: tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and c-reactive protein (CRP) will be measured from participant blood samples. Six mL whole blood samples will be obtained from participants and the concentration of these parameters will be quantified and recorded. All samples and standards will be analyzed in duplicate. |
Baseline and 3 months post-intervention |
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