View clinical trials related to Brain Trauma.
Filter by:In France, an estimated 860 000 patients are affected by Alzheimer Disease (AD) which represents, as in other developed countries, a major public health issue. In many cases, AD diagnosis is uncertain and its clinical evolution unpredictable. The exactitude of the diagnosis is however particularly important in the perspective of the validation and use of new therapeutic strategies in AD. Detection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diagnosis biomarkers fell short in the detection, of atypical/mixed cases, of some differential diagnosis, and in differentiating rapid or slow clinical evolutions. Hence, CSF analysis gives a unique opportunity to detect and validate biomarkers in many neurological disorders. Nevertheless, in medical practice, CSF biological analysis is currently limited to a small number of analytes.Quantitative and targeted mass spectrometry, especially operated in the Multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM), represents an alternative to immunodetection and could be used to detect specific biomarkers in complex matrices such as plasma by specifically discriminating the proteotypic peptides corresponding to each proteins. Mass spectrometry has also the ability to distinguish and quantify isotopically labelled and unlabeled selected targets. This ability was used in a publication by the group of R. Bateman (Washington University, St Louis, USA) who could, after administering stable isotope-labelled leucine, evaluate Ab synthesis and clearance in humans. This approach has an enormous potential to study the metabolism of proteins within the human CNS and consequently help in the understanding and diagnosis of neurological disorders.The main objective of this program is set up a targeted quantitative mass spectrometry method for existing and stable isotope-labelled CSF biomarkers in the neurological field; exploit this approach for diagnostic purpurses and to gain knowledge in the pathophysiology of diseases.
We hypothesize that newly developped NIRS sensor (EQUANOX Advance™, 8004CA, NONIN Medical, USA)is able to detect ischemic events recorded by brain tissue oxygen probe (Licox, Integra Neurosciences, USA) and that values are correlated.
Visual field areas, which are not absolutely blind, are hypothesized to have some residual capacities that constitute their potential for vision restoration. Vision restoration can be achieved by varies methods including behavioral training and electrical brain stimulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transorbital alternating current stimulation (rtACS) which are able to influence the excitability and activity of cortical areas. It is hypothesized that transorbital alternating current stimulation (tACS) can improve the residual field of vision in patients with post-chiasmatic lesions.
The purpose of this study is to use magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess for traumatic brain injury and determine if there is any correlation of these findings to clinical outcome. MR spectroscopy using 2D-CSI (a multi voxel technique) of the corpus callosum, basal ganglia, lobar white matter and brainstem may reveal areas of injury and quantification of the metabolites from these areas may be used to correlate with imaging findings and clinical evaluation. White matter disruption in these areas is commonly seen after TBI, caused by diffuse axonal injury. It has been implicated in the long term outcomes in these patients, but has been difficult to assess by standard radiologic studies. By the use of DTI it may be possible to demonstrate damaged white matter tracts which could be helpful in the evaluation of traumatic brain injury. Most TBI subjects have injuries that involved torque to the brain. This results in a shearing injury to the long white matter tracts, which has been hypothesized to be related to cognitive outcome. Also, to demonstrate that MRS and DTI prove valuable in predicting outcome in patients of moderate brain trauma by conducting progressive studies acutely (within 24 hours) and long term (4-6 weeks). Most patients will most likely be followed clinically for over a year, and, if clinical indicated, farther scanning can be done at a later date. By comparing fraction anisotropy, ADC values, and metabolic ratios by the use of DTI and MRS in the adult and pediatric populations, may help to assess differences in recovery. Lastly, a comparison between the two groups in changes in brain metabolism and/or white matter tract disruption/re-connection after TBI with and/or without links to outcome can be done.