View clinical trials related to Body Weight.
Filter by:BACKGROUND: The relation between gut microbiota and obesity originates from animal studies, showing that the change of gut microbiota can induce changes in both insulin resistance and body composition. In addition, these studies have shown changes in gut permeability inducing a pro-inflammatory state, changes in adipose tissue function and inflammation, effects on energy harvesting and metabolism, skeletal muscle fatty acid partitioning and fat oxidation. Human data is lacking, although several studies suggested that the composition of the gut microbiota differs between lean and obese, and between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. OBJECTIVE: To provide insight in the physiological significance and underlying mechanisms involved in the relation between gut microbiota, energy balance and insulin sensitivity in overweight men with impaired glucose homeostasis.
The purpose of this study is to find out whether a technology-base healthy lifestyle program is an acceptable and effective way for African-American mothers to improve their eating and activity during pregnancy, compared to usual obstetric care. The goal of the program is to enhance the health of African-American mothers and their babies.
The investigators will study the influence of fat cell size/number and adipose function on weight development over very long time periods (years). By comparing fat biopsies obtained at baseline and after >7 years, the investigators will determine the association between adipose morphology/function and changes in weight or development of cardiometabolic complications (e.g. insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension).
Study to evaluate the safety and tolerance of three probiotic bacteria intake by healthy infants. Participants are divided at random and unknown to the researchers, in four groups, three of which receive one of three probiotic bacteria while the fourth group receives placebo product.
While eating the majority of energy earlier in the day appears to have a positive effect on weight and cardiometabolic outcomes, it is not clear how eating earlier in the day influences other behaviors that have a circadian rhythm (sleep), other energy balance behaviors important for weight loss (physical activity), and self-reported feelings of appetite control (hunger and fullness). Thus the purpose of this study is to examine the influence of timing of eating on sleep patterns, physical activity, and self-reported feelings of appetite control. It is hypothesized that those who eat the majority of their calories earlier in the day will have greater weight loss than those who eat the majority later in the day.
The purpose of this research was to develop and test the feasibility of Habit, a weight loss mobile application that was designed to coach patients through their weight loss challenges. In a pilot trial in 43 obese participants, investigators tested the feasibility of the Smart Coach mobile application when paired with a shortened online-delivered (8-week) behavioral weight loss intervention. Feasibility outcomes included frequency and duration of usage of the mobile app and each feature, recruitment, and retention. Post-intervention focus groups discussed the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. The investigators also performed exploratory analyses comparing conditions on problem solving skills and weight loss at 8 and 16 weeks, which will inform a subsequent randomized controlled efficacy trial.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of Activamp, a product containing gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, on body weight, fat loss and metabolic markers in healthy overweight adults.
Excess weight gain in pregnancy is linked to a number of adverse outcomes for mothers and their offspring, and in 2011, 59 % of women in Nova Scotia gained weight in excess of recommendations. A number of factors influence how much weight a woman gains, including lack of knowledge, age, the number of previous pregnancies she's had, smoking, ethnicity, income, and education. Although a clinician's advice also plays a role, simply giving advice does not necessarily translate into patient behaviour change. On the other hand, advice that is given through a patient-centred approach is significantly associated with increased patient acceptance of and adherence to recommendations, and increased intentions and attempts at behaviour change. In addition, this approach has been shown to decrease costs to the health care system. Patient-centredness can measured from the perspective of the clinician, an observer, or the patient. Research suggests that the patient's perspective of patient-centredness is the perspective most significantly associated with improved health outcomes. Clinicians avoid discussing weight-related matters for a number of reasons, including a lack of time and general discomfort in raising the subject. There are some tools that can address some of these barriers, and example being the "5As of Obesity Management". This tool is based on principles of behaviour change science and patient-centredness. Pilot data on the use of this tool showed a two-fold increase in the initiation of weight-related discussions between clinicians and their patients. Our team was instrumental in the development, dissemination and initial evaluation of this tool, and Dr. Piccinini-Vallis has recently led a national multidisciplinary endeavor to adapt it to pregnancy, which has resulted in the "5As of Healthy Pregnancy Weight Gain" tool. It is now time to evaluate whether the use of this tool is acceptable to clinicians and whether its use translates into any patient outcomes.
There are several different methods that can be used to determine the dose of iodinated contrast material for a CT scan. These include a standard fixed dose, a dose based on total body weight, a dose based on body mass index, a dose based on lean body weight, and a dose based on estimated lean body weight. The fixed dose method uses a predetermined amount of contrast material for all patients having a CT scan of the abdomen regardless of size. This is the standard procedure currently used at Duke. The other methods use the patient's weight, either the total body weight or lean body weight, to determine the amount of contrast necessary for the CT exam. For this study, the investigators will use the fixed dose, total body weight, the lean body weight, and estimated lean body weight methods. The purpose of this study is to evaluate these five methods of determining the IV contrast volume and which may be best for abdominal CT scanning.
The objective of the study is to assess the effect of diets with different protein composition (20%, 27% and 35%), mainly coming from animal proteins such as lean red meat, on body weight and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. A dietary intervention is carried out during 3 months in 90 women who are individually randomized to an hypocaloric diet with three types of macronutrient composition: 1) 35% proteins, 30% fat and 35% carbohydrates; 2) 27% proteins, 30% fat and 43% carbohydrates and 3) 20% proteins, 30% fat and 50% carbohydrates. Around 50% of total proteins in diet come from lean red meat (leg or shoulder of lamb) by providing up to 15 different recipes to participants to use them as part of the diet. At the beginning of the study, after 6 weeks and at the end of the intervention, the following parameters are determined: anthropometric (weight, waist circumference, body mass index and body composition), blood pressure, dietary (72-hours dietary registry) and exercise assessments and biochemical analysis (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, iron, transferrin, ferritin, uric acid, glucose, HbA1c, insulin and adipokines). In 3-months visit, participants will be advised to follow the prescribed diets during the next 3 months. Monitoring visits with the nutritionist will not be performed. A follow-up visit will be done after 3-months of end of intervention (at 6-months after beginning the study) to assess the long-time efficacy on main endpoint of each diet. In this visit only anthropometric parameters (weight, waist circumference, body mass index and body composition) will be determined.