View clinical trials related to Birth Weight.
Filter by:Preterm birth is a leading cause of childhood mortality and developmental disabilities. Socioeconomic disparities in the incidence of preterm birth and morbidities, mortality, and quality of care for preterm infants persist. An important predictor of the long-term consequences of preterm birth is maternal presence during the prolonged infant hospitalization (weeks to months) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Mothers who visit the NICU can pump breast milk, directly breastfeed and engage in skin-to-skin care, which facilitates breast milk production and promotes infant physiologic stability and neurodevelopment. Low-income mothers face significant barriers to frequent NICU visits, including financial burdens and the psychological impact of financial stress, which hinder their participation in caregiving activities. The investigators will conduct an randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the effectiveness of financial transfers among 420 Medicaid - eligible mothers with infants 24 - 33 weeks' gestation in four level 3 NICUs: Boston Medical Center (BMC) in Boston, Massachusetts, UMass Memorial Medical Center (UMass) in Worcester, Massachusetts, Baystate Medical Center in Springfield, Massachusetts, and Grady Memorial Hospital in Atlanta, Georgia. Mothers in the intervention arm will receive usual care enhanced with weekly financial transfers and will be informed that these transfers are meant to help them spend more time with their infant in the NICU vs. a control arm (usual care). The primary hypothesis is that financial transfers can enable economically disadvantaged mothers to visit the NICU, reduce the negative psychological impacts of financial distress, and increase maternal caregiving behaviors associated with positive preterm infant health and development.
The Continuous Tracheal Gas Insufflation (CTGI) is a ventilation option of conventional ventilation to reduce or even cancel dead space due to respiratory prostheses. This objective is particularly interesting in the smallest preterm infants in which the volume of anatomical dead space due to prostheses is little different from the tidal volume. The principle of this option is to continuously blow an additional flow of 0.2 L/min at tip of endotracheal tube to purge expired CO2 trapped in the prostheses to have a CO2-free volume of gas available for subsequent insufflation.
Human milk has several well-established benefits but does not adequately meet the increased nutritional demands of the growing preterm infant, necessitating additional nutrient supplementation in a process known as fortification. In U.S. neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), human milk is primarily supplemented using standardized fortification, in which a multicomponent fortifier is added to human milk to achieve assumed nutrient content based on standard milk reference values. However, this method does not account for the significant variability in human milk composition or in preterm infant metabolism, and up to half of all very premature infants experience poor growth and malnutrition using current nutritional practices. Poor postnatal growth has adverse implications for the developing preterm brain and long-term neurodevelopment. Recent advances allow for individualized methods of human milk fortification, including adjustable and targeted fortification. Adjustable fortification uses laboratory markers of protein metabolism (BUN level) to estimate an infant's protein requirements. In targeted fortification, a milk sample is analyzed to determine its specific macronutrient and energy content, with additional macronutrient supplementation provided as needed to achieve goal values. Emerging data suggest that both methods are safe and effective for improving growth, however information on their comparable efficacy and neurodevelopmental implications are lacking, particularly using advanced quantitative brain MRI (qMRI) techniques. Through this prospective, randomized-controlled trial, the investigators will compare the impact of individualized human milk fortification on somatic growth and neurodevelopment in preterm infants. Infants will be randomized to receive one of three nutritional interventions: standardized (control group), adjustable, or targeted human milk fortification. Infants will undergo their assigned nutritional intervention until term-equivalent age or discharge home, whichever is achieved first. Brain qMRI will be performed at term-corrected age, and neurodevelopmental follow-up will be performed through 5 years of age.
In this study, at least 400 women with high-risk of pregnancy hypertension will use a wearable device to monitor the blood pressure during gestational age from 12 weeks to 28weeks. The observed outcomes including maternal and offspring. Participants were from three hospital including Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Jiaxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Peking University Third Hospital. Pregnant women were randomly divided into control group (routine delivery examination group) and intervention group (routine delivery examination group + use of wearable blood pressure monitoring device group), 200 cases each.
This is an observational, proof-of-concept, feasibility study that aims to evaluate the feasibility of a monitoring system that integrates clinical data, high-resolution waveforms from the bedside monitor, regional oxygenation (via cerebral and splanchnic near-infrared spectroscopy), and regional ventilation (via electrical impedance tomography) from 20 extremely low birth weight infants at high-risk of reintubation.
Maternal undernutrition is a global public health problem with far-reaching effects for both mothers and infants. Poor maternal nutrition negatively affects fetal growth and development. Both micro and macro-nutrients are required for the physiological changes and increased metabolic demands during pregnancy, including fetal growth and development. Women in Bangladesh have poor diets and are struggling to meet their nutrient requirements, especially during pregnancy and lactation when requirements are higher. Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy is associated with a range of adverse birth outcomes, including stillbirths, preterm births, low birthweight, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates, all of which remain unacceptably high in Bangladesh. Social protection provides a promising platform on which to leverage improvements in nutrition at scale, but current evidence on the impacts of social protection on birth outcomes is limited: few studies have been conducted and some of these studies suffer from methodological limitations. The planned study will contribute to filling this knowledge gap. An additional motivation for the study is provided by the recent WHO 2016 Antenatal Care Guidelines. The guidelines call for studies on the effectiveness of alternatives to providing energy and protein supplements to pregnant women (which is recommended in undernourished populations). Studying the effectiveness of providing combinations of food and cash will help build this evidence base. A third reason to conduct the study is that both food transfers and cash transfers are commonly used policy instruments in Bangladesh, and the choice of intervention components to scale up in the CBP will be guided by the findings from this pilot study. The study findings will thus be highly policy relevant. A three-arm cluster-randomized, non-masked, community-based, longitudinal trial will be used. Groups of pregnant women will be randomly assigned to one of three study arms providing different combinations of cash and food transfers.
Antioxidant qualities have been attributed to wheatgrass and tulsi formulation. Free radicals are unstable molecules created by the body during metabolism and exposure to environmental pollutants. Antioxidants are chemicals that can help stop or reduce cell damage caused by these unstable molecules. Oxidative stress, which is brought on by free radicals, has been connected to a number of health issues, including chronic inflammation, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and ageing. Wheatgrass is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and chlorophyll, which have been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Tulsi, also known as holy basil, is an herb that has been used in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries and has been found to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Several studies have investigated the antioxidant properties of wheatgrass and tulsi formulation. For instance, a study published in the Journal of Food Science and Technology in 2015 found that wheatgrass extract had significant antioxidant activity, as measured by its ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce lipid peroxidation in vitro.
The investigators will conduct a proof-of-principle deep phenotyping 4-weeks caloric restriction intervention study in low birth weight (LBW) subjects with NAFLD and normal birth weight (NBW) controls. Furthermore, the investigators will provide extended in-depth mechanistic insight into the role of impaired subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) expandability in ectopic fat deposition in LBW subjects in LBW individuals with and without NAFLD.
The goal of this retrospective observational study is to [learn about the correlation between hyperbilirubinemia and retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants. The main question it aims to answer are: • To evaluate the possible effect of neonatal jaundice linked to the presumed protective antioxidant action of bilirubin on the development of ROP, compared to a control group which, although presenting ROP, did not develop jaundice.
A multi-center, single-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel-designed, prospective trial to compare growth between preterm infants fed one of three study human milk fortifiers added to human milk