View clinical trials related to Bacterial Infections.
Filter by:Escalating resistance to antibiotics among disease-causing community bacteria increasingly threatens our ability to treat patients' infections. At the level of the physician-patient encounter, incentives at the patient level often take priority to society; this is often the case with antibiotic prescribing. Each patient level antibiotic treatment decision is based on how we value potential outcomes, including short-term benefits and risks and longer-term risks, including those related to future bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Unfortunately, antibiotics are often prescribed for illnesses unlikely to have a bacterial etiology; even a very small likelihood of benefit seems to outweigh an increased risk of future antibiotic resistance. While short-term effects of antibiotics on colonization with resistant bacteria have been demonstrated, the overall implications of each treatment for future individual, family and societal-level resistance remain difficult to quantify, and are often steeply discounted or ignored during decision-making. Knowledge regarding the longer-term effects of personal and household antibiotic use could better quantify these future resistance-related risks, and help guide antibiotic decision-making for physicians and patients. Infants are born with sterile nasopharyngeal and gastrointestinal tracts and yet, during the 1st year of life, become important reservoirs of resistant organisms; this creates an opportunity to study colonization and resistance starting from a microbiological tabula rasa. In this proposal, we will use an observational cohort to following newborns' antibiotic exposure and longitudinal colonization with specific bacterial pathogens and related antibiotic resistance in the 1st year of life. Our hypothesis is that during the 1st year of life, infants with personal and household antibiotic exposure will have greater colonization with resistan organisms than infants without antibiotic exposure. This project will help us understand the development of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics within the community, and help to inform judicious decision-making regarding antibiotic prescribing.
RPX7009 (beta-lactamase inhibitor) is being studies in combination with a carbapenem biapenem to treat bacterial infections, including those due to multi-drug resistant bacteria.
RPX7009 (beta-lactamase inhibitor) is being studies in combination with a carbapenem biapenem to treat bacterial infections, including those due to multi-drug resistant bacteria.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the antibacterial protein P128 is (i) safe and well tolerated in healthy volunteers and in chronic kidney diseases patients on dialysis, (ii) is it effective in reducing the nasal carriage of pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus) in humans.
The purpose of this study is to better understand how clindamycin works in children who fall in the 85th percentile or higher for body mass index (BMI - a ratio of weight to height). The results of the study will help better understand if children in higher BMI ranges process the medication differently and whether dosing should be adjusted in these children.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the addition of meropenem to colistin is better than colistin alone in the treatment of clinically significant infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria
Background: The incidence of gastrointestinal infections is very high. In Western countries at least 30% of the population suffers from at least one food-borne infection per year. Mostly because of the problem of antibiotic resistance, more emphasis is put on prevention of infections. One of the possibilities is to strengthen human resistance to gut infections by consumption of probiotics. A specific blend of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell-52, Lactobacillus rhamnosus Rosell-11, Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175) and a probiotic yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii), improved stool consistency and shortened the duration of diarrhea in a rat model of E.coli-induced diarrhea. These probiotics showed synergistic effects compared with administration of solely S. boulardii or a mixture of L. helveticus Rosell-52, L. rhamnosus Rosell-11, B. longum Rosell-175. Consumption of S. boulardii and a combination of L. helveticus Rosell-52, L. rhamnosus Rosell-11 reduced diarrhea in humans. Aim: To study whether probiotics improves the resistance of humans to enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Study design: The PROTETEC study is a parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled 4-weeks intervention with probiotics in healthy volunteers. In this study, the effect of probiotic intervention vs placebo on several infection markers in response to an ETEC challenge is investigated. Participants will be randomly assigned to the probiotic or placebo group (n=30 per group). Subjects will be instructed to maintain their usual pattern of physical activity and their habitual food intake, but to standardize their dietary calcium intake. After an adaptation period of 2 weeks, subjects will be orally infected with a live, but attenuated, ETEC vaccine (strain E1392-75-2A; collection NIZO food research; dose 10E10 CFU). Before and after infection, a diary will be kept to record all food and drinks consumption (2x2 days) to assess the habitual dietary intake, as well as for daily recording of bowel habits and frequency and severity of gastrointestinal complaints. The following biological samples will be collected: 4x10 ml venous blood, a single fecal bolus (for screening) and 7x24 hrs feces. Blood is sampled for immune response analyses and the fecal samples are collected to quantify several infection- and immune system markers, to determine probiotic excretion, and to verify dietary calcium intake. Study population: Healthy males of 20-55 yrs of age. Interventions: Probiotics (capsules containing freeze-dried powder, probiotic dose per capsule 5x10E9 CFU; twice daily) or placebo (capsules with carrier material powder of identical appearance) Primary outcomes: Fecal ETEC excretion and severity of diarrhea (quantified by fecal output per day). Secondary outcomes: Serum immune response to ETEC, self-reported stool consistency scores and gastrointestinal complaints, relative fecal wet weight. Tertiary outcomes: sIgA and calprotectin in feces, probiotic persistence and levels of opportunistic pathogens in the endogenous microbiota.
RPX2003 (biapenem) is being studied in combination with a beta-lactamase inhibitor to treat bacterial infections, including those due to multi-drug resistant bacteria.
This is a randomised, double-blind, 3-part study designed to investigate the safety and tolerability of ATM-AVI. The study aims to characterise the pharmacokinetics of ATM-AVI, when both drugs are administered alone (ATM or AVI) and in combination (ATM-AVI), following single administration, and following multiple administrations of ATM-AVI in healthy male and female (females of nonchildbearing potential) volunteers both young and elderly.
This is a phase 1, non-randomized, open label, single-dose, two-period, cross-over study. This study will utilize 14C radiolabeled GSK1322322 to investigate the recovery, excretion, and pharmacokinetics of GSK1322322 in 6 healthy adult male subjects through the sampling of blood, urine, and feces. Each subject will participate in the study for approximately 7 to 8 weeks i.e., 30 day screening period, two dosing periods (approximately 8 days each) and a follow up visit. The subjects will be admitted to the clinical unit on Day 1 of the first treatment period and remain in the unit for up to approximately 16 days through the end of the second treatment period. On Day 1 of Period 1, each subject will receive 14C radiolabeled GSK1322322 as a single therapeutic intravenous (IV) dose (1000 milligrams [mg]). When the total radioactivity is <1% of the administered dose in all subjects, Period 2 dosing will begin (approximately 8 days after the IV dose). On Day 1 of Period 2, each subject will receive single therapeutic oral solution dose (1200 mg). Blood, urine, bile and fecal samples will be collected during both the periods. The subject may be discharged from the unit as early as Day 8 of Period 2. Subjects will visit the study unit for the follow-up visit 7 to 10 days following discharge from the unit.