View clinical trials related to Aging.
Filter by:A visual function focused add-on study to the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA). There are three key aims: 1. Quantify age-related decline in a variety of visual functions within a populations based cohort. 2. Explore the mechanisms underlying age-related visual impairments. 3. Investigate how visual function impacts vision related quality of life.
Aim of this study is to compare cardiopulmonary response to conical-PEP breathing during exercise in older people.
The purpose of this study is to test feasibility for the delivery and perceptions of a lifestyle model for middle-aged and older adults by involving participants in its development. The goal of the program is to reduce sedentary behaviour, increase physical activity, and increase strength and balance. An optional walking program will be run in parallel to emphasize the importance of moving more. Participants will be asked to fill out questionnaires on course delivery, content and effect throughout the program and 2-3 recorded interviews throughout the study. We will collect measurements of physical performance before and after the program.
Aging is associated with numerous changes and adaptations in the cardiovascular system. Vascular and ventricular wall thickness increase, whereas arterial compliance, endothelial function, and ventricular contractility decline. The decline in cardiac function with advancing age is typically seen in parallel to reduced physical activity, and it has been proposed that lifelong exercise training might attenuate the effects of aging on the heart. The cardiovascular system undergoes several age-related changes. For most healthy older individuals, the heart generally functions well under resting conditions. Structural and physiological changes tend to result in diminished exercise tolerance. However, increasingly it has been shown that even some of these changes are more a result of a sedentary lifestyle than an age-related phenomenon. Most elderly people tend to become less physically active. It is difficult to separate changes intrinsic to the aging process from those arising as a result of a sedentary lifestyle.
The accumulation and dysfunction of excess adipose (fat) tissue that occurs with ageing is associated with a number of chronic inflammatory disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease but the underlying mechanisms are not understood.
The overall goal of this study is to examine how regular exercise affects brain function, spatial memory, and virtual navigation. Participation in this research study will take approximately 4 months.
The goal of this research study is to examine whether an intervention to increase physical activity using a body-worn sensor affects cognitive (thinking) processes.
Aging has been associated with reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelial dysfunction. Beetroot consumption, a nitrate-rich food, has been associated with increased NO bioconversion, which may promote beneficial effects on vascular health. The present study evaluated the effects of a beetroot-based nutritional gel (BG) on vascular function, arterial stiffness and blood pressure in the elderly at cardiometabolic risk. Twenty elderly individuals were submitted to BG and nitrate-depleted gel (PLA) interventions. Brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), blood flow velocity (BFV), peak wave velocity (PWVβ), augmentation index (AI), stiffness parameter (β), pressure-strain elasticity modulus (Ep), arterial compliance (AC), muscle oxygenation and function were measured 90 min after interventions. Urinary nitrate, nitrite, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured at baseline, 90 min and 150 min after interventions.
Cognitive decline and dementia have become important public health issues in our time as medical science has increased lifespan and our society becomes progressively older. A great deal of the cognitive decline due to aging can be explained by decline in working memory (WM), a mental function central to cognition in which aging deficits appear almost universally. Attempts to use WM training to increase WM ability in older adults has had some success, but the transfer of performance enhancements caused by this training to other cognitive skills is controversial. Another intervention that shows much promise is noninvasive stimulation of cerebral cortex using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which has been shown to increase performance in many cognitive tasks. Here, the investigator proposes to use fMRI-guided rTMS to enhance working memory performance. This will be achieved through three Aims. In the first, registered on this record, the investigator will stimulate both old and young healthy adults while they perform the WM task that will engage the frontoparietal network. To define the optimal rTMS target, rTMS will be applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC: Aim 1a); or over the parietal cortex (PC: Aim 1b). These regions are involved not only in the maintenance of items in WM, but also in their manipulation, therefore applying rTMS over these areas should create WM performance enhancements that will be long-lasting. In Aim 1c, a direct within-subject comparison of these 2 targeted sites is performed. In the second and third Aims, older adults will receive active or sham rTMS over the optimal target (defined in Arm 1) during two weeks of daily sessions while they perform the WM tasks. In the second Aim, the investigator hopes to demonstrate that the cumulative effect of multiple TMS sessions, in tandem with the synergistic effects of simultaneous TMS + WM training, create WM performance enhancements greater than those found with WM training alone, whose effects are long-lasting, continuing a month following the course of TMS sessions. In the third, the investigator will investigate whether the WM enhancements generated by the two weeks of TMS sessions will generalize to other cognitive tasks. The success of these 3 Aims will provide proof in principle for long-lasting, transferable effects of TMS in remediating WM and more general cognitive deficits due to aging, and point to a possible non-invasive brain stimulation therapy for cognitive decline in healthy aging and in dementia. This record is a reflection of Aim1, Aim 2 and 3 will be registered separately.
The fact that metformin treatment has been associated with reduced risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease raises the possibility of a beneficial role of metformin for other age-related diseases. The actions of metformin resemble the effects of calorie restriction (CR) to some extent, and microarray analyses have shown that metformin induces a gene expression profile that aligns with that of CR in animal. The aim of the study is to investigate whether metformin treatment can induce dietary restriction-like state in human. Sixty overweight subjects will be included in this study, and participants will be divided 3 groups (20 cases in each group)including metformin group (0.85, twice daily), standard diet group, and CR group. All subjects will be treated 6 months. At the end of this study, blood samples and muscle samples will be obtained.