View clinical trials related to Addiction Nicotine.
Filter by:Head and neck cancers are a source of complications and after-effects related to the disease and treatment. These cancers and their treatment alter the quality of life of patients and generate pain with physical and psychological components. Chronic pain affects 36% of patients at 6 months and 30% after this period. These pains are responsible for the consumption of level II and III analgesics in 53% of these patients. At the same time, after the end of treatment, nearly a quarter of patients continued to smoke and half still consumed alcohol at least twice a week. The hypothesis of this research is to investigate the correlation between pain and the continuation of addictions, the occurrence of depressive states, asthenia and the alteration of the patients' global quality of life. The investigators propose a two-center prospective cohort study to evaluate this hypothesis at 6 months after radiotherapy treatment. This study is planned to include 120 patients with a first head and neck cancer whit radiotherapy as part of their treatment sequence. The expected duration of inclusion is 18 months. The identification of factors affecting survival, quality of life and patient compliance is essential to determine appropriate management, particularly by creating appropriate therapeutic education programs.
Interventions to disrupt memory reconsolidation have held promise for the treatment of stress- and anxiety-related disorders. In the present study, the investigators will examine whether an intervention based on these principles, called memory updating, could be adapted for reward-seeking behaviors. To test this, non-treatment seeking tobacco smokers will be exposed to smoking cues and/or stress, two stimuli known to trigger smoking. It is predicted that exposure to a stress task will enhance the cues' motivational salience and yield greater susceptibility to the memory updating procedure. As an add-on, the investigators will examine COVID-associated changes in substance use and whether participants in the memory updating groups might be more resilient to these effects. It is predicted that the changes in substance use will depend on whether the substances are used primarily in social settings.
Cigarette smoking constitutes the greatest preventable cause of mortality and morbidity in the US. The most critical period for long term success of smoking cessation appears to be in the first 7 days after the quit date. A metaanalysis of 3 pharmacotherapy trials revealed that abstinence during the first 7 days was the strongest predictor of 6 month outcomes (n=1649; Odds ratio: 1.4, P <0.0001; Ashare et al. 2013). Prodigious relapse rates during this first week of smoking cessation are likely due to behavioral and neurobiological factors that contribute to high cue-associated craving and low executive control over smoking. The long term goal of the research is to develop evidence-based transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols to facilitate abstinence during this critical period.
The purpose of this study is to see if a non-medication intervention can increase motivation and reward processing to non-drug reward cues (for example, a picture of one's favorite food) in individuals with and without nicotine dependence by observing brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG) and/or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The investigators hypothesize that learning to increase brain activity to non-drug cues may improve reward responses and motivation to non-drug cues, and for individuals who smoke, may eventually result in improved smoking cessation outcomes.