Chemo Sensitization Before Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients With Acute Leukemia in Complete Remission

Acute Myeloid Leukemia Clinical Trial

Official title:

Chemo Sensitization Before Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation With a CXCR4 Antagonist in Patients With Acute Leukemia in Complete Remission: Pilot Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02605460
• Other study ID #: INCMNSZ REF 917
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: February 2014
• Est. completion date: November 2021

Study information

• Verified date: January 2020
• Source: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran
• Contact: Eucario Leon Rodriguez, M.D.
• Phone: 525554870900
• Email: eucarios[@]hotmail.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the disease free survival and the overall survival in patients with acute leukemia in first or second complete remission after administrating a CXCR4 antagonist, as a chemo sensitization strategy, plus chemotherapy as the conditioning regimen for autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Description:

In the last decade, HSCT has become an efficient strategy for the treatment of many malignant and non-malignant hematological diseases, being the most common, according to the European Bone Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), acute leukemias. Both myeloid and lymphoid acute leukemias are considered malignant clonal diseases of the hematopoietic stem cells, and represent a therapeutic challenge due to the high relapse rate and mortality using conventional chemotherapy regimens. HSC reside mainly within the bone marrow, protected by a microenvironment or niche, which is perivascular, created partly by mesenchymal stromal cells and endothelial cells. Interactions between these cells and many adhesion molecules are considered a key factor for growing, transformation, and migration of neoplastic cells. The main pathway involved in the cellular transit regulation is chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), responsible of mediating interactions between the HSC and stromal cells, and whose blocking through other cytokines and antagonists of the CXCR4 receptor (plerixafor) favors chemotaxis and HSC output to peripheral blood. Such strategy has become an effective technique to increase mobilization and harvesting in patients undergoing stem cell transplantations.

On the other hand, some preclinical studies have shown that the activation of CXCL12 pathway favors tumor growth, promoting survival and invasion of the malignant cells, recruiting stromal cells that facilitate their proliferation and promote angiogenesis directly. In such way, this pathway has been considered a therapeutic target to block their activity and inhibit tumor progression.

Patients with acute leukemia in first or second complete remission undergoing autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), commonly present low response rates and low survival due to persistent minimal residual disease, despite conventional high dose chemotherapy regimens. It is necessary to create strategies to increase the destruction rate of neoplastic cells in patients with acute leukemia candidates to HSCT. Our hypothesis is that the administration of a CXCR4 antagonist as part of the conditioning regimen in patients with acute leukemia candidates to HSCT will allow the mobilization and sensitization of leukemia blast cells, eradicating efficiently the minimal residual disease, responsible of posterior relapse, and will achieve a higher response rate and survival of patients undergoing this procedure.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 20
• Est. completion date: November 2021
• Est. primary completion date: November 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 60 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) or Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), candidates to HSCT

• Allogeneic HSCT: High risk AML in first complete remission (CR), AML in second CR, and ALL in first or second CR with a matched or half-matched (haploidentical) related or unrelated donor

• Autologous HSCT: Intermediate risk AML in first CR, ALL in first or second CR without a donor

• Normal liver function enzyme tests

• Preserved renal function

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score =2 or Karnofsky =80%

• Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) >40%

• Hemoglobin (Hb) = 10 g/dl, Absolute Neutrophil Count = 1 x 103/mm3, and Platelets = 100,000 /µL

• Signed Informed Consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients not willing to participate or to sign the informed consent

• Patients who do not meet the inclusion criteria

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia
• Leukemia
• Leukemia, Lymphoid
• Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma

Intervention

Drug:
• Busulfan
12mg/kg, Oral, divided in 4 days, 3mg/kg/day Oral, during days -7, -6, -5 y -4.
• Cyclophosphamide
80mg/kg, Intravenous (IV), divided in 2 days, 40mg/kg/day IV, during days -3 y -2.
• CXCR4 Antagonist
24mg, Subcutaneous (SC), in one day, 24mg/day SC, during day -4.

Procedure:
• Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Peripheral blood HSC (autologous HSCT) or Bone Marrow HSC (allogeneic HSCT) transfusion, day 0

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Mexico	Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran	Mexico City	Distrito Federal

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Mexico, 

References & Publications (6)

DiPersio JF, Ho AD, Hanrahan J, Hsu FJ, Fruehauf S. Relevance and clinical implications of tumor cell mobilization in the autologous transplant setting. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011 Jul;17(7):943-55. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.10.018. Epub 2010 Oct 22. Review. — View Citation

Duda DG, Kozin SV, Kirkpatrick ND, Xu L, Fukumura D, Jain RK. CXCL12 (SDF1alpha)-CXCR4/CXCR7 pathway inhibition: an emerging sensitizer for anticancer therapies? Clin Cancer Res. 2011 Apr 15;17(8):2074-80. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2636. Epub 2011 Feb 24. Review. — View Citation

Jantunen E. Novel strategies for blood stem cell mobilization: special focus on plerixafor. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2011 Sep;11(9):1241-8. doi: 10.1517/14712598.2011.601737. Review. — View Citation

Nervi B, Ramirez P, Rettig MP, Uy GL, Holt MS, Ritchey JK, Prior JL, Piwnica-Worms D, Bridger G, Ley TJ, DiPersio JF. Chemosensitization of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) following mobilization by the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100. Blood. 2009 Jun 11;113(24):6206-14. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-06-162123. Epub 2008 Dec 2. — View Citation

Redjal N, Chan JA, Segal RA, Kung AL. CXCR4 inhibition synergizes with cytotoxic chemotherapy in gliomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Nov 15;12(22):6765-71. — View Citation

Uy GL, Rettig MP, Motabi IH, McFarland K, Trinkaus KM, Hladnik LM, Kulkarni S, Abboud CN, Cashen AF, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Vij R, Westervelt P, DiPersio JF. A phase 1/2 study of chemosensitization with the CXCR4 antagonist plerixafor in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2012 Apr 26;119(17):3917-24. doi: 10.1182/blood-2011-10-383406. Epub 2012 Feb 2. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Overall Survival	Time from HSCT to death from any cause.	One year
Secondary	Disease Free Survival	Time from HSCT to relapse of the underlying disease.	One year