Vasculitis Clinical Trial
Official title:
Phase I/II Trial of TNFR:Fc (Etanercept) in Patients With Wegener's Granulomatosis
This study will examine the use of etanercept (also called Enbrel or TNFR:Fc) in patients
with Wegener's granulomatosis, a type of vasculitis (blood vessel inflammation). Wegener's
granulomatosis may affect many parts of the body, including the brain, nerves, eyes,
sinuses, lungs, kidneys, intestinal tract, skin, joints, heart, and other sites. Generally,
the greater the disease involvement, the more life-threatening it is. Standard treatment is
a combination of prednisone and a cytotoxic agent-usually cyclophosphamide or methotrexate.
However, many patients treated with this regimen have a disease relapse, and others cannot
take these drugs because of severe side effects. This study will evaluate etanercept's
safety and effectiveness, and particularly its value in reducing the need for prednisone and
preventing disease relapse.
The Food and Drug Administration has approved etanercept for treating rheumatoid arthritis,
another inflammatory disease. The drug works by blocking the activity of TNF-a protein made
by white blood cells that is involved in the inflammatory process. Since prednisone also
affects inflammatory proteins and lowers TNF production, the use of etanercept may reduce
the need for prednisone in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis, and thus the risk of its
side effects.
Patients between 10 and 70 years of age with Wegener's granulomatosis who have never taken
prednisone, methotrexate or cyclophosphamide, or have taken these drugs for less than 3
weeks may be eligible for this study.
Participants will have a medical history review and physical examination, including
laboratory studies. If medically indicated, X-rays, consultations and biopsies (surgical
removal of a small tissue sample) of affected organs will also be done. All patients will
begin treatment with prednisone, methotrexate and etanercept. Those who improve on this
regimen will stop prednisone gradually over 3 months. Those who achieve disease remission at
the end of another 3 months will be randomly assigned to either continue taking etanercept
and methotrexate for another 12 months or to stop etanercept and continue only methotrexate
for the next 12 months (after which methotrexate will gradually be stopped). Patients who
are not in remission by the 6-month point will continue taking etanercept until they go into
remission, when they will be assigned to stop or not stop etanercept, as described above.
Patients who do not achieve remission within 12 months of beginning treatment will be taken
off the study. Patients who have a disease relapse while on the study will likely be
switched to treatment with prednisone and either methotrexate or cyclophosphamide. Patients
randomized to stop etanercept and who have a relapse within a year of stopping the drug may
be offered re-treatment on this protocol, but with continuing etanercept for a full year
after remission.
Patients will be evaluated in the outpatient clinic every 2 to 4 weeks for the first 4
months and every 1 to 3 months after that. Patients whose disease is in remission and who
stop all medications will be followed every 3 to 6 months for 2 years. Follow-up evaluations
include a physical examination, blood draws and, if medically indicated, X-rays. The total
study duration is 60 to 70 months.
The purpose of the study is to assess the safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunologic effects of a recombinant fusion protein that consists of the soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor linked to the Fc portion of human IgG1 (TNFR:Fc) in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. A secondary objective is to determine if TNFR:Fc demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity in the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis. Specifically, we will seek to examine whether TNFR:Fc is able to reduce the need for glucocorticoid treatment and lower relapse rates. Patients will be eligible to participate in this protocol when there is evidence that the disease is active but is not immediately life-threatening. In this study, patients will receive TNFR:Fc (25mg subcutaneously twice weekly) together with methotrexate and prednisone. In all patients the prednisone will be tapered over a 3 month schedule. At the end of 6 months, patients in remission will be randomized to either continue TNFR:Fc for another 12 months or stop. All patients will continue methotrexate for 1 year after they enter remission after which time it will be tapered and discontinued. ;
Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Primary Purpose: Treatment
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