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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

NCT number NCT05925023
Other study ID # Sirolimus-1
Secondary ID
Status Recruiting
Phase Phase 2
First received
Last updated
Start date June 24, 2023
Est. completion date December 2025

Study information

Verified date August 2023
Source Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a rare and heterogeneous disorder characterized by the destruction of red blood cells through warm or cold antibodies. Glucocorticoid (combined with rituximab) is the first-line treatment. However, the recurrence rate is very high and some patients may not respond to steroids. Second-line therapies include cyclosporine A (CsA), cyclophosphamide, rituximab, azathioprine, and even splenectomy. Our previous study of sirolimus in refractory/relapsed AIHA and ES found an effective rate of 80%. Therefore, the investigators plan to explore the efficacy and safety of sirolimus in the treatment of refractory/relapsed wAIHA.


Description:

Based on the optimal autoantibody-RBC reactivity temperatures, AIHA is classified into warm type, cold type, and mixed type. AIHA can be further classified into primary or secondary in nature. Glucocorticoid (combined with rituximab) is the first-line treatment. However, the recurrence rate is very high and some patients may not respond to steroids. Second-line therapies include cyclosporine A (CsA), cyclophosphamide, rituximab, azathioprine, and even splenectomy. The refractory/relapsed wAIHA patients have increased cardiovascular events, increased opportunities for infections, decreased quality of life, and even death. A prospective multi-institutional trial in autoimmune cytopenia found that 8 of 10 patients with AIHA and Evans syndrome respond to sirolimus. Our previous study of sirolimus in refractory/relapsed AIHA and ES also found an effective rate of approximately 80%. Since sirolimus is cheap and accessible, our findings may reduce the economic burden of patients and be a guide on the selection of second-line treatment drugs in refractory/relapsed wAIHA and Evans syndrome.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Recruiting
Enrollment 22
Est. completion date December 2025
Est. primary completion date December 2024
Accepts healthy volunteers No
Gender All
Age group 18 Years to 90 Years
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age =18 years old. 2. Diagnosed as primary warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia or Evans syndrome (primary or secondary). There is no treatment indication of other systemic involvement in the original disease if secondary. 3. No response to glucocorticoid therapy or recurrence. 4. Baseline liver (ALT, AST) was less than 2 times the normal value. 5. No active infection; Not pregnant or breastfeeding. 6. Agree to sign the consent form. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with connective tissue disease or other organs involvement 2. Infection or bleeding that cannot be controlled by standard treatment. 3. Active HIV, HCV or HBV infection or cirrhosis or portal hypertension. 4. Progressed uncontrolled malignant tumors and lymphoma 5. Cirrhosis or portal hypertension. 6. Pregnant or breastfeeding.

Study Design


Intervention

Drug:
Sirolimus
Oral administration, 1-3 mg/d, sirolimus plasma concentration: 4-15 ng/mL

Locations

Country Name City State
China Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing Beijing

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Country where clinical trial is conducted

China, 

References & Publications (8)

Barcellini W, Fattizzo B, Zaninoni A, Radice T, Nichele I, Di Bona E, Lunghi M, Tassinari C, Alfinito F, Ferrari A, Leporace AP, Niscola P, Carpenedo M, Boschetti C, Revelli N, Villa MA, Consonni D, Scaramucci L, De Fabritiis P, Tagariello G, Gaidano G, Rodeghiero F, Cortelezzi A, Zanella A. Clinical heterogeneity and predictors of outcome in primary autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a GIMEMA study of 308 patients. Blood. 2014 Nov 6;124(19):2930-6. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-06-583021. Epub 2014 Sep 16. — View Citation

Barcellini W, Fattizzo B. How I treat warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood. 2021 Mar 11;137(10):1283-1294. doi: 10.1182/blood.2019003808. Erratum In: Blood. 2023 Jan 26;141(4):438-439. — View Citation

Bass GF, Tuscano ET, Tuscano JM. Diagnosis and classification of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Autoimmun Rev. 2014 Apr-May;13(4-5):560-4. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.11.010. Epub 2014 Jan 11. — View Citation

Birgens H, Frederiksen H, Hasselbalch HC, Rasmussen IH, Nielsen OJ, Kjeldsen L, Larsen H, Mourits-Andersen T, Plesner T, Ronnov-Jessen D, Vestergaard H, Klausen TW, Schollkopf C. A phase III randomized trial comparing glucocorticoid monotherapy versus glucocorticoid and rituximab in patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Br J Haematol. 2013 Nov;163(3):393-9. doi: 10.1111/bjh.12541. Epub 2013 Aug 24. — View Citation

Bride KL, Vincent T, Smith-Whitley K, Lambert MP, Bleesing JJ, Seif AE, Manno CS, Casper J, Grupp SA, Teachey DT. Sirolimus is effective in relapsed/refractory autoimmune cytopenias: results of a prospective multi-institutional trial. Blood. 2016 Jan 7;127(1):17-28. doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-07-657981. Epub 2015 Oct 26. — View Citation

Hill QA, Stamps R, Massey E, Grainger JD, Provan D, Hill A; British Society for Haematology. The diagnosis and management of primary autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Br J Haematol. 2017 Feb;176(3):395-411. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14478. Epub 2016 Dec 22. No abstract available. — View Citation

Jager U, Barcellini W, Broome CM, Gertz MA, Hill A, Hill QA, Jilma B, Kuter DJ, Michel M, Montillo M, Roth A, Zeerleder SS, Berentsen S. Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in adults: Recommendations from the First International Consensus Meeting. Blood Rev. 2020 May;41:100648. doi: 10.1016/j.blre.2019.100648. Epub 2019 Dec 5. — View Citation

Li H, Ji J, Du Y, Huang Y, Gu H, Chen M, Wu R, Han B. Sirolimus is effective for primary relapsed/refractory autoimmune cytopenia: a multicenter study. Exp Hematol. 2020 Sep;89:87-95. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.08.001. Epub 2020 Aug 6. — View Citation

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Overall response rate (ORR) ORR defined as the proportion of patients who met the criteria of either complete response (CR) or partial response (PR). 12 months
Secondary Complete response rate (CRR CRR defined as the proportion of patients who met the criteria of complete response. 12 months
Secondary Adverse events Safety analyses include assessments of the incidence and severity of adverse events; all adverse events that occurred or worsened during the treatment period will be reported, as well as adverse events that occurred later but are considered by the investigator to be related to the trial drug. 12 months
Secondary Relapse rate Relapse rate defined as the proportion of patients whose response shift from PR or CR to no response (NR). 12 months
See also
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Recruiting NCT05922839 - Zanubrutinib in the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory wAIHA Phase 2
Completed NCT01181154 - Rituximab in Auto-Immune Hemolytic Anemia Phase 3
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Withdrawn NCT04256148 - ALXN1830 in Patients With Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Phase 2
Terminated NCT03075878 - A Safety Study of SYNT001 in Participants With Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (WAIHA) Phase 1/Phase 2
Withdrawn NCT04956276 - Subcutaneous ALXN1830 in Adult Participants With Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Phase 2
Completed NCT03226678 - Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy and PK of APL-2 in Patients With Warm Type Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (wAIHA) or Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD) Phase 2
Recruiting NCT04119050 - Efficacy and Safety of M281 in Adults With Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Phase 2/Phase 3
Terminated NCT04253236 - To Assess the Efficacy and Safety of RVT-1401 in the Treatment of Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (ASCEND-WAIHA). Phase 2
Temporarily not available NCT05221619 - Post-trial Access for Nipocalimab in Participants With Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (wAIHA)