View clinical trials related to Vaccination.
Filter by:1. Burden: In global perspective, it is estimated that the lives of 150,000 women could be saved each year worldwide with access to sufficient family planning services. It is indicated that only 26 percent women received four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits during their pregnancies, while 67.7 percent received at least one ANC during their pregnancies which are the great challenges for ensuring safe motherhood in the country. As a part of safe motherhood, it is estimated that only 28.8 percent deliveries are being conducted in health facilities in the country. In case of postnatal care (PNC), from 2008 to 2010, only 27 percent of women received PNC for their last deliveries from a medically-trained provider within two days of their delivery. Despite the tremendous success of expanded programme on immunization (EPI) in Bangladesh, a substantial number of children are not fully vaccinated under EPI as data shows 82 percent were fully vaccinated by the age of 12 months. 2. Knowledge gap: Use of technology for covering all or major components of primary health care (PHC) is yet to be developed and tested in Bangladesh. Further, no such initiative has yet been taken focusing community clinic (CC) to ensure equity of services in Bangladesh. 3. Relevance: At present in Bangladesh, the CCs cater the services on family planning, maternal neonatal and child health (MNCH), health education for the rural people by using e-health strategy as the community health care provider (CHCP), newly recruited staff of community clinic are equipped with internet connected laptop service. So, updated technology for updating information, follow up and referral in primary health care can be used to increase the utilization of health services. Hypothesis (if any): Use of smart phones by community level healthcare providers will increase utilization of reproductive health (RH) and family planning (FP), MNCH, integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI), EPI and other PHC services at rural communities in Bangladesh. Objectives: To develop and test a mechanism as well as assess the impact of mHealth strategy to improve RH and FP, MNCH, IMCI, EPI and other PHC services in rural communities of Bangladesh. Methods: The service delivery personnel who are providing the services to the community people at different levels (community clinic, union health and family welfare centre, upazila health complex) will be equipped with smart phones having the facilities for text messages, voice messages as well as internet and data capturing. Training on handling of the smart phones, data capturing and monitoring will be provided to service providers in each upazila. They will be trained to input, edit, verify and monitor the data on different services through the software installed in their smart phones. The community clinic management and support groups will be oriented and motivated on mobile phone based registration, notification and referral to the health facilities. Outcome measures/variables: This will be a quasi-experimental pre-post design study and evaluation will be done through comparing antenatal care (ANC), postnatal care (PNC), and contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) and EPI coverage before and after its implementation in the study versus comparison areas. The study will be conducted over a period of 30 months.
Despite the impressive economic progress in developing countries, significant proportion of young children and pregnant women living in low-resource settings remain inadequately immunized. Progressive decline in immunizations are in large part attributable to poor follow-up and compliance. National and international pediatric bodies, recommend a time sensitive schedule for childhood immunizations, boosting immunity with each subsequent cycle, leading to adequate levels of immune protection. Due to inadequate protective immunity, resulting from poor vaccination compliance, outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases are rampant, making childhood mortality in this group among the highest in the world. Major challenges of vaccination programs include maintaining / tracking records, linked to positive identification of individual children, and strategies to improve follow-up and compliance. Novel cellular technology based approaches targeting behavior modifications can therefore significantly impact health outcomes in these communities. In this proposal, the investigators will evaluate a novel software platform, utilizing biometric identification of subjects, paired with cell-phone reminders and compliance-linked incentives to improve uptake and coverage of primary vaccinations in young children and pregnant women.
In France, the vaccination coverage of seniors is clearly deficient. It seems to be a cultural specificity, dating back more than 100 years, and which does not exist in Scandinavia, nor in much of the Anglo-Saxon world. Only influenza vaccination is a success for seniors. The high public health council sets the objective of immunization coverage in patients over 65 years of age to 80% whether or not the patient is benefiting from an exonerative ALD. The data collections carried out with the various pension funds objective have a lower immunization coverage with a rate ranging from 48.8 to 64%. Thus any medical consultation should be an opportunity to update the vaccination schedule of adults and the elderly.
In the UK, babies receive their vaccinations according to a standard schedule, irrespective of their gestation at birth. This policy is designed so that all babies are protected as early as possible from vaccine preventable diseases such as polio, diphtheria, tetanus, rotavirus, pertussis (whooping cough), Haemophilus influenzae type B, pneumococcal disease and now meningococcal B disease. The 4CMenB vaccination (Bexsero®) was added to the UK schedule in September 2015 and there has been no research looking at whether the vaccine gives the same protection to babies born early as it does to those born at term. The Investigators want to compare two different schedules of 4CMenB and see if one gives better protection to babies born prematurely. It is possible that an extra 4CMenB dose (i.e. three doses in early infancy instead of two) will offer better protection for premature babies. This is what the Investigators are trying to find out through this study.
LAIV shedding studies in children could be an important way to confirm whether impediments to viral replication do indeed explain these observed reductions in vaccine effectiveness(VE), whether prior vaccination has any influence on replication and what future implications (if any) this might have for the UK paediatric LAIV programme. LAIV virus replication in children will be dependent on virological and host factors. The virus factors include replicative fitness of individual strains and the susceptibility to inhibition by other replicating strains (ability to compete). Host factors which may influence this include pre-existing specific immunity as a result of prior infection or previous vaccination (with either LAIV or IIV), and innate immune factors including mucosal immunity. Understanding the relative importance of different factors over two seasons when the strain composition of the A/H1N1pdm09 LAIV virus will change and by comparing previously unvaccinated and highly vaccinated groups (with both LAIV and IIV), can potentially give unique insights into their contribution to the US LAIV observations. With the change of the A/H1N1pdm09 vaccine strain in 2017/18, demonstrating improved performance (in terms of VE, virus shedding and immunogenicity) and what contribution prior vaccination might make will be key evidence for both the UK, but also the US. Information presented at the ACIP in June 2018 from the 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons will be key to inform US future decisions around use of LAIV. This is a parallel group, non randomised study which will enrol at least 400 children. Both written informed consent from parent/ guardian and written assent from the child will be in place prior to any study procedure. The two groups will be defined by previous influenza vaccination history, with around half the children naïve to any influenza vaccination (LAIV or IIV) and half having had at least three doses of LAIV with or without IIV. All will follow the same schedule of vaccination and oral fluid collection at day 0 (by the nurse in the home or at the GP surgery); nasal swab collection (by the parent at home on days 1,3,6); day 21 oral fluid collection (by nurse or parent at home or at GP surgery).
It is common for people to advise individuals undergoing vaccination to look away from the needle to make them hurt less and be less scary. However, this advice is not backed up by research evidence. the purpose of this study is to learn about how looking away vs. looking at the needle during vaccination makes people feel. People will be randomized to 1 of 2 groups: look at the needle, look away. Then they will undergo vaccination and report on pain and fear experienced.
This prospective observational cohort study will follow the roughly 100 adults who received the VSV-ZEBOV vaccine in the Geneva phase 1 randomized controlled trial in 2014-2015 in order to determine their long-term (5-year) immune response to vaccination.
The National Vaccine Evaluation Consortium conducts Department of Health funded trials trials to provide information to underpin changes to the national immunisation and vaccination schedule. This study will assess how different schedules of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines work in providing protection to young infants. It is well established that vaccines can behave differently depending on which order they are given and alongside which other immunisations. This has been shown for Hib and MenC vaccines, which are similar in structure to the pneumococcal vaccines that will be studied here. The investigators will measure responses to the pneumococcal vaccines as well as to other routine immunisations, all of which will be provided by our study team. Infants will be recruited by dedicated study staff through primary care and will participate from their first vaccinations at 2 months of age, until the blood sample taken a month after their boosters at a year old, i.e. until 13 months of age. Any child found to have antibody levels below that which indicates protection for Hib, MenC, MenB or pneumococcal in the blood sample taken at 13 months of age will be offered an extra dose of the relevant vaccine(s).
Influenza vaccine is recommended as routine care for all individuals who are at least 6 months of age and older. Recently, questions about vaccine safety and concerns for side effects have increased, contributing to both influenza vaccine hesitancy and refusal. In an effort to educate patients, public health entities and physicians give informational handouts in various forms. However, recent publications have found that pro-vaccine messages can have paradoxical effects on vaccine intentions, therefore further studies on vaccine related public health communication is needed. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of pro-vaccine messages of local data, pro-vaccine messages of national data, and no educational message on patient's receipt of the influenza vaccine. These results will help to understand the relationship between patient education and the intent to vaccinate and receipt of the influenza vaccine as well as to optimize educational information given to patients regarding the influenza vaccine.
Influenza vaccine is recommended as routine care for all individuals who are at least 6 months of age and older. Recently, questions about vaccine safety and concerns for side effects have increased, contributing to both influenza vaccine hesitancy and refusal. In an effort to educate parents and patients, public health entities and physicians give informational handouts in various forms. However, recent publications have found that pro-vaccine messages can have paradoxical effects on vaccine intentions, therefore further studies on vaccine related public health communication is needed. Few, if any, studies have analyzed the relationship between influenza vaccine attitudes and intention with actual vaccine receipt in the pediatric population. These results will help to understand the relationship between parent's vaccine perception and the intent to vaccinate versus the child's receipt of the influenza vaccine, as well as to optimize educational information given to families regarding the influenza vaccine.