Relationship Between Q-tip Test and Urethral Hypermobility

Urodynamic Stress Incontinence Clinical Trial

Official title:

Relationship Between Q-tip Test and Urethral Hypermobility on Perineal Ultrasound for Women With Urodynamic Stress Incontinence

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05205395
• Other study ID #: KMUHIRB-E(I)20210275
• Status: Completed
• Start date: January 1, 2009
• Est. completion date: January 31, 2014

Study information

• Verified date: December 2021
• Source: Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Q-tip test was applied for evaluation of urethral hypermobility (UH) in stress-incontinent women. It is still unknown whether there is an alternative method for the assessment of UH in a less invasive way or not. We aim to assess the correlation between the overall rest-stress distance measured by transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) and Q-tip test angle in women with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) scheduled for mid-urethral sling surgery (MUS), and determine a cut off value of rest-stress distance for predicting UH.

Description:

Between January 2009 and January 2014, women with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) scheduled for mid-urethral sling surgery in the urogynecological department of a tertiary referral center were recruited. A retrospective chart review was performed. This study received approval from the Institutional Review Board of Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (ID:KMUHIRB-E(I)-20210275), by which relevant guidelines and regulations were followed accordingly. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before surgeries. The Q-tip test was performed via a cotton swab with the patient in a 45-degree reclining. After lubricated with 2% lidocaine jelly, the cotton swab was inserted with the tip over bladder neck. The angle changes from rest to maximal straining were obtained for 3 times, and the maximum of angle change was recorded. The TPUS was performed by two experienced urogynecologist according to KMUH-TPUS protocol. The Voluson General Electric Sonography, expert 730 type (GE, Healthcare Ultrasound, Zipf, Austria) Ultrasonography was used with 3.5 MHZ curved linear-array transducer placed between the major labia and underneath the external urethral orifice. The measurement was done on the midsagittal plane to obtain the image of pubic symphysis, urethra, and bladder in a view. Ultrasonic measurement of the overall rest-stress distance was define as the linear distance of bladder neck position change from resting status to maximal strain. The rest-stress distance was obtained for 3 times, and the maximum of distance was recorded. The primary outcome of this study was the correlation between the angle of Q-tip test and the overall rest-stress distance of bladder neck in TPUS. The secondary outcome was the optimal cut off value of the rest-stress distance to predict UH.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 258
• Est. completion date: January 31, 2014
• Est. primary completion date: January 31, 2014
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 20 Years to 85 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI)
• Scheduled for mid-urethral sling surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• Women with more or equal to stage 2 pelvic organ prolapse (POP) defined by POP-quantification system (POP-Q) and received concomitant transvaginal mesh (TVM) surgery
• Women with incomplete ultrasound records

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Urinary Incontinence, Stress
• Urodynamic Stress Incontinence

Intervention

Diagnostic Test:
• Transperineal ultrasound
Ultrasonography was used with curved linear-array transducer placed between the major labia and underneath the external urethral orifice. The measurement was done on the midsagittal plane to obtain the image of pubic symphysis, urethra, and bladder in a view. Ultrasonic measurement of the overall rest-stress distance was define as the linear distance of bladder neck position change from resting status to maximal strain.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital

References & Publications (8)

Chen GD, Su TH, Lin LY. Applicability of perineal sonography in anatomical evaluation of bladder neck in women with and without genuine stress incontinence. J Clin Ultrasound. 1997 May;25(4):189-94. — View Citation

Crystle CD, Charme LS, Copeland WE. Q-tip test in stress urinary incontinence. Obstet Gynecol. 1971 Aug;38(2):313-5. — View Citation

DeLancey JO. Structural support of the urethra as it relates to stress urinary incontinence: the hammock hypothesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994 Jun;170(6):1713-20; discussion 1720-3. — View Citation

Dietz HP. Pelvic floor ultrasound: a review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Apr;202(4):321-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.08.018. Review. — View Citation

Lin KL, Juan YS, Lo TS, Liu CM, Tsai EM, Long CY. Three-dimensional ultrasonographic assessment of compression effect on urethra following tension-free vaginal tape and transobturator tape procedures. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Apr;39(4):452-7. doi: — View Citation

Nygaard IE, Heit M. Stress urinary incontinence. Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Sep;104(3):607-20. Review. — View Citation

Walters MD, Shields LE. The diagnostic value of history, physical examination, and the Q-tip cotton swab test in women with urinary incontinence. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1988 Jul;159(1):145-9. — View Citation

Yun JH, Kim JH, Park S, Lee C. Changes in the Q-tip angle in relation to the patient position and bladder filling. BMC Urol. 2015 Oct 7;15:101. doi: 10.1186/s12894-015-0096-4. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Q-tip test and therest-stress distance	The correlation between the angle of Q-tip test and the overall rest-stress distance of bladder neck	January 2009 to January 2014