View clinical trials related to Thyroid Diseases.
Filter by:Background: - The Ukrainian Research Center for Radiation Medicine and the U.S. National Institutes of Health have been studying cancer risks and outcomes in individuals who participated in the decontamination clean-up process following the Chornobyl nuclear accident. Some of these individuals were exposed to external radiation at various levels, as well as radioactive iodine that may have affected the thyroid and increased the risk of developing thyroid cancer. Because more individual and comparative data are needed on the affected populations and clean-up workers associated with the Chornobyl accident, researchers are interested in collecting personal information and saliva samples from Chornobyl clean-up workers who have been diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Objectives: - To assess the radiation-related risk of thyroid cancer among male Chornobyl clean-up workers and collect saliva samples for an initial study. Eligibility: - Male Chornobyl clean-up workers from Kyiv and Donetsk oblasts who have been diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Design: - Participants will complete a standardized questionnaire during a personal interview. The questionnaire will ask for detailed information on the following areas of study: - Work history, conditions, and activities inside the 70-km clean-up and radiation calculation zone. - Residence history inside and outside the 30-km exclusion zone. - Milk consumption between April 26 and June 30, 1986 (to assess radioactivity from radioiodine fallout). - Potential non-radiation risk factors for thyroid cancer (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption, family cancer history). - Participants will provide a saliva sample for pilot study testing....
This research study is to compare the radiopharmacokinetics of I-124 to the radiopharmacokinetics of I-131 in patients who have well-differentiated thyroid cancer after recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) injection. I-131 is routinely used for imaging and dosimetry for patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer. In this study, I-124 is administered orally in capsular form, and the radiopharmacokinetics of I-124 is compared with I-131. I-124 is another isotope of iodine, which is cyclotron-produced. I-124 has multiple advantages: - Ideal Half-Life (4.2 days) for delayed imaging. - High resolution tomographic imaging. - Feasibility of quantitating lesion uptake. - Potential of dosimetry for the planning of radioiodine therapy. Voluntary patients will have I-124 dosimetry performed in addition to the I-131 dosimetry, which is planned as part of routine clinical care. I-124 dosimetry is composed of four parts: (1) two extra doses of injections of rhTSH, (2) the administration of I-124, (3) PET imaging, and (4) drawing blood samples. Patients will receive two additional injections of rhTSH. This is similar to the procedure for I-131 dosimetry. Second, they will receive I-124. I-124 is similar to I-131 except I-124 decays in a different way to emit a positron so that the PET scanner can be used for imaging. I-124 is given in the form of one or several capsules, which are taken by mouth. This is also similar to I-131. Third, PET/CT imaging is done for approximately 30 minutes to one hour on five consecutive days. Radiation from PET/CT scan is far less than what they receive from a diagnostic CT scan. For the fourth part, a technologist will draw about 5 cc from the forearm on each of the five consecutive days. This is also similar to I-131. Initially, all patients will be randomized to one of two study groups. The first group will have the I-131 dosimetry performed first followed by the I-124 dosimetry, and the second group will have the I-124 dosimetry performed first followed by the I-131 dosimetry. The risk of this study is considered very low, and the potential benefits to the patient are considered very high.
Background: - The combination of anti-cancer drugs vandetanib (given orally) and bortezomib (given intravenously) has not been used in humans. However, both drugs have been studied separately. Bortezomib has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, while vandetanib is still under investigation pending FDA approval. - Both bortezomib and vandetanib are under investigation for use in treating certain kinds of cancer. Researchers hope that the combination of these two drugs will be more effective than either of them alone. Objectives: - To determine if the combination of vandetanib and bortezomib will decrease the amount of the cancer and, if it does, to determine how long the response will last. - To determine any side effects that may occur with this combination of treatments. - To determine what doses of each drug are well tolerated and safe when given together. - To study genetic mutations in tumors to better understand how tumors grow and how these drugs interact with the tumor. Eligibility: - Patients 18 years of age and older with solid tumors that cannot be surgically removed and have either recurred or shown further growth. The tumor(s) must be able to be evaluated by X-ray, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and CT (computerized tomography) scanning. - Patients who have been diagnosed with medullary thyroid cancer will participate in Phase II of the study. Design: - Tumor samples may be taken at the start of the study for research purposes. - Phase I: Patient groups will be treated on an outpatient basis with vandetanib and bortezomib, given at increasing doses over four different levels to determine the maximum tolerated dose calculated by height and weight: - Doses will be given on Days 1, 4, 8, and 11 for each 28-day cycle. - Two additional levels (Level 1A and Level 1B) may be included in the study, depending on side effects at various levels. - Phase II: Patients with medullary thyroid cancer will be divided into two groups, with two patients in Group A for every one patient in Group B. No placebo will be involved in this study. - Group A: Patients will be treated with vandetanib and bortezomib at the maximally tolerated dose of the Phase I study. - Group B: Patients will be treated with bortezomib alone. - A second tumor sample may be taken. In patients with thyroid cancer, the second biopsy will be done at the 6-week evaluation (approximately 42 days after beginning). In patients with cancer other than thyroid cancer, the second biopsy will be obtained on Day 4 of either the first or second cycle, after the bortezomib infusion. - The effects of the drugs will be studied through blood samples and CT scans taken during and after various drug cycles.
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer is a very aggressive disease. The investigators believe that angiogenesis is very important for these tumors to progress. Preclinical data is suggesting this. This is why we we prospectively want to treat these patients with avastin (and doxorubicin). However, local control is of major concern. Therefore, patients are initially treated with hyperfractionated radiotherapy and undergo surgery. Then they can enter this study.
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare tumor arising from C cells of the thyroid gland and belonging to the endocrine tumors. 18F-DOPA PET, based on tha capacity of endocrine tumor cells to take-up, decarboxylate and store amino-acids, such 3-4-dihydroxyphenylalanine(DOPA), is used for imaging endocrine tumors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the contribution of 18F-DOPA whole-body PET for the detection of recurrences in patients with proven recurrent MTC without evidence of recurrence or metastases on several imaging modalities.
The Phase I/II study will be conducted as an open label, multiple center study of CS-7017, an experimental drug and paclitaxel chemotherapy in subjects with advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer. Biopsies will be obtained from patients with accessible tumor at baseline, two-weeks after the first CS-7017 dosage (prior to the start of combination therapy) and at the end of the first study cycle (week 3 of combination therapy), in order to evaluate the effects of the study drug alone and in combination with the chemotherapy agent on the tumor. Treatment will continue until disease progression or the development of intolerable toxicities.
Primary objective is to evaluate the tumor response rate of patients with MTC treated with Lithium carbonate
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of hemodynamic parameters with the level of thyroid hormones and the histological structure of thyroid nodules in euthyroid patients.
The purpose of the study is to determine the safety and efficacy of combretastatin combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin in the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC).
RATIONALE: Radioactive iodine kills thyroid cancer cells by giving off radiation. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying the side effects, best dose, and how well iodine I 131 works in treating patients with thyroid cancer.