Extra-Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Renal and Upper Ureteral Stones in Adults Under Locally Infiltrate d Anaesthetics ; a Clinical Randomized Controlled Study

Stone Ureter Clinical Trial

Official title:

Extra-Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Renal and Upper Ureteral Stones in Adults Under Locally Infiltrate d Anaesthetics ; a Clinical Randomized Controlled Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06462573
• Other study ID #: Eswl
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: Early Phase 1
• Start date: September 1, 2024
• Est. completion date: September 1, 2026

Study information

• Verified date: June 2024
• Source: Assiut University
• Contact: Hosam salah AbdelRaheem, Resident
• Phone: 01024591522
• Email: hossalah111[@]gmail.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

There are many treatment modalities available for managing renal and upper ureteric stones. They range from completely non-invasive outpatient procedures to invasive procedures requiring hospital admission and increased risks of complications. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a truly non-invasive procedure as opposed to other surgical treatments used, such as retrograde intrarenal surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (1).

The choice between shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and other treatment modalities depends on several factors, including stone site, stone burden, stone CT density, etc. Another compounding factor in choosing the treatment modality is patient preference and expectation (1).

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is one of the treatment options for patients with renal and ureteral calculi. Even though the procedure is less invasive compared to others. Pain caused by the procedure is a major concern. Several studies recommended the use of either local or systemic analgesia with varying results (2).

As a truly non-invasive treatment option, ESWL has been widely used for treating renal, as well as ureteric, stones with satisfactory efficacy and minimal morbidity. However, the pain caused by ESWL is a major limitation of its efficacy, in addition to the associated patient dissatisfaction and negative experience that may result in the patient refraining from further sessions.

The relationship between pain and ESWL efficacy can be explained by multiple facts: firstly, the pain leads to inability to increase the energy delivered by the shockwaves to optimum levels; secondly, the pain usually leads to significant movement of the patient, as well as excessive respiratory movements, both of which move the stone away from the focus of shockwaves; lastly, the pain may be severe that the session is discontinued before delivery of effective number of shockwaves

Description:

There are many treatment modalities available for managing renal and upper ureteric stones. They range from completely non-invasive outpatient procedures to invasive procedures requiring hospital admission and increased risks of complications. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a truly non-invasive procedure as opposed to other surgical treatments used, such as retrograde intrarenal surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (1).

The choice between shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and other treatment modalities depends on several factors, including stone site, stone burden, stone CT density, etc. Another compounding factor in choosing the treatment modality is patient preference and expectation (1).

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy is one of the treatment options for patients with renal and ureteral calculi. Even though the procedure is less invasive compared to others. Pain caused by the procedure is a major concern. Several studies recommended the use of either local or systemic analgesia with varying results (2).

As a truly non-invasive treatment option, ESWL has been widely used for treating renal, as well as ureteric, stones with satisfactory efficacy and minimal morbidity. However, the pain caused by ESWL is a major limitation of its efficacy, in addition to the associated patient dissatisfaction and negative experience that may result in the patient refraining from further sessions.

The relationship between pain and ESWL efficacy can be explained by multiple facts: firstly, the pain leads to inability to increase the energy delivered by the shockwaves to optimum levels; secondly, the pain usually leads to significant movement of the patient, as well as excessive respiratory movements, both of which move the stone away from the focus of shockwaves; lastly, the pain may be severe that the session is discontinued before delivery of effective number of shockwaves

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 60
• Est. completion date: September 1, 2026
• Est. primary completion date: September 1, 2026
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 75 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged 18 years or older whether males or females with renal or upper ureteric stone(s) candidate for ESWL therapy 2. Renal stones should be between 1- 2 cm and upper ureteric stones should be less than 15 mm

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1.. Patients refusing to participate in the study or patients not compliant with follow up 2. Renal stones in ectopic kidneys 3. Radiolucent upper ureteric stones 4. Patients with myo-skeletal deformities e.g. kyphoscoliosis

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Stone Ureter
• Ureteral Calculi
• Ureterolithiasis

Intervention

Drug:
• locally infilterating anaethesia like lidocaine
which patients will undergo ESWL under locally infiltrated anaesthetic. Using ultrasound guidance, the quadratus lumborum muscle will be identified. Then a mixture of 0.5 % bupivacaine (10 ml) and 2 % lidocaine (10 ml) will be injected into the muscle as a single shot 20 minutes before the procedure.
• general anaethesia
which patients will undergo ESWL under systemic analgesia. The latter will be achieved using one gram of paracetamol IV infusion at the beginning of the procedure. In case of unsatisfactory pain control in either group, systemic analgesia using IV Ketorolac injection will be used on demand or the required dose will be recorded at the end of the session.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Assiut University

References & Publications (2)

Laksita TB, Soebadi MA, Wirjopranoto S, Hidayatullah F, Kloping YP, Rizaldi F. Local anesthetics versus systemic analgesics for reducing pain during Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Turk J Urol. 2021 Jul;47(4):270-278. doi: 10.5152/tju.2021.21143. — View Citation

Manzoor H, Leslie SW, Saikali SW. Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy. 2024 May 6. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560887/ — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Comparison between local and systemic analgesia	Pain score during the session using visual analogue scale	Baseline
Secondary	Comparison between local and systemic analgesia	4. Two-month stone free rate (SFR)	Baseline

External Links

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