View clinical trials related to Stiffness, Vascular.
Filter by:Very controlled dietary intervention studies support that individual polyphenol rich foods and isolated polyphenols can increase endothelial function and HDL cholesterol and decrease blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and LDL cholesterol even in healthy subjects. The intake of (-)-epicatechin, the major polyphenol in cocoa, was previously mechanistically linked with acute improvements in endothelial function and nitric oxide availability. A profound understanding of inter- and intra-individual variability of responses in real life are an important area of research in a world that aims at personalized nutrition and medicine. N-of-1 trials are a powerful tool allowing to study small effects even in fewer subjects and help account for intra-individual variations in responses. The overall aim of the present pilot study is to evaluate intra-and inter-individual variability of responses to cocoa flavanols in everyday life using the N-of-1 paradigm. In this pilot study, young healthy humans will monitor blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, heart rate, diet, and physical activity on 8 days using a personal and wearable devices. Each subject will undergo the 8 study days; 4 days with cocoa flavanol capsules (CF; containing 750 mg (1500 mg per day)) and 4 days with calorically matched placebo capsules (P; 0 mg cocoa flavanols) taken at the same time in the morning with breakfast and at night before going to bed. The subjects will be randomized to different treatment allocation sequences to allow blinding of volunteers and investigator; either CF-P-CF-P-CF-P-CF-P or P-CF-P-CF-P-CF-P-CF.
Due to the aging of populations worldwide, we observe an increase of age-related diseases and loss of autonomy with consequent personal, social, medical and economic implications. The aging population is a target for geriatric medicine, necessitating the development of specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in order to estimate cardio vascular risk in these individuals. It is thought that arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction are among the earliest vascular properties altered with the onset of cardiovascular disease. Moreover aging is characterized by progressive fragmentation and break down of the elastic components of the aortic media, which are partially replaced by highly cross-linked collagen leading to stiffening, dilation, and elongation of the aorta . A major underlying mechanism of these modifications is endothelial dysfunction due to high oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation. Reactive hyperemia index (RHI), a key outcome of peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) has recently become a reliable tool to measure microvascular endothelial function. Some studies have recently demonstrated the interest to measure in elderly patients arterial stiffness parameters in order to prevent loss of autonomy. This cross sectional study aimed at demonstrating the link between arterial stiffness evaluated by pulse wave velocity and endothelial dysfunction evaluated by RHI to implement the tools of cardio vascular risk evaluation in a population of elderly patients referred in a geriatric day hospital.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether vigorous exercise training 4-5 days/week for one year in sedentary middle aged (ages 40-64) individuals at high risk for future development of heart failure will improve cardiac and vascular compliance to a degree equivalent to life-long exercisers and the sedentary young. To date, no effective therapy for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been found; therefore prevention is critical and discovering novel treatment strategies is essential. Exercise training if implemented in high risk patients may improve diastolic function and cardiac-vascular interactions, preventing further progression to overt heart failure.