Specific Phobia Clinical Trial
Official title:
Enhancing Exposure: the Impact of Self-efficacy Enhancement on Treatment Outcome
Self-efficacy refers to the perceived belief to cope effectively, by personal efforts, with challenging situations and problems (Bandura, 1977). Basic research has shown that increases in perceived self-efficacy can enhance the extinction of fear (Zlomuzica et al., 2015). This study is aimed at translating these findings into a useful clinical application to augment exposure-based treatment outcome.
In this study, the effects of self-efficacy enhancement on treatment outcome in patients with
height phobia will be investigated.
Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the following conditions: i) virtual reality
exposure + self-efficacy enhancement; ii) virtual reality exposure + control intervention;
iii) virtual reality exposure only. The amount of exposure is identical across groups (i.e.
maximum of 1 hour of exposure). The self-efficacy and the control intervention involve the
retrieval of the exposure session with or without a focus on personal mastery
experiences/achievements, respectively.
Treatment-induced changes as well as the effects of self-efficacy enhancement will be
measured on the subjective level (i.e. in-vivo Behavioral Approach Tests, BATs; church
tower), physiological level (heart rate during the BATs), and subjective level (subjective
fear during the BATs as well as height-phobia related questionnaires) at each of the three
assessments (i.e. pretreatment, after which the exposure will conducted on the same day, i.e.
day 1; posttreatment, which is scheduled approximately 2-3 days after exposure, and follow-up
assessment, which will take place 1-month after exposure).
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