Evaluation of Influenza A/H3N2 Vaccine in Patients With Rheumatologic Diseases

Sjogren's Syndrome Clinical Trial

Official title:

Immunogenicity and Safety of Influenza A/H3N2 Vaccine in Patients With Rheumatologic Diseases

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03540823
• Other study ID #: H3N2VaccineReumatoHC
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 4
• Start date: April 23, 2018
• Est. completion date: August 23, 2018

Study information

• Verified date: April 2018
• Source: University of Sao Paulo General Hospital
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Studies in the literature have shown reduced effectiveness of influenza A (H3N2) virus vaccine (20-40%) when compared to A (H1N1) and influenza B. This reduction in efficacy may partly result of the need to propagate A (H3N2) virus into egg components for the preparation of the vaccine. Other factors that may also contribute to the reduction of efficacy against A (H3N2) viruses include the high level of genetic diversity and the rate of rapid evolution of this particular virus subtype and the modification of the immune response to the vaccine secondary of prior infection or vaccination.

Vaccine efficacy studies are required to verify the immunogenicity of the H3N2 influenza vaccine in immunosuppressed patients with rheumatologic disease. In addition, it is relevant to evaluate the safety of the vaccine in this population as well as the possibility of reactivation of the rheumatologic disease itself. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the immunogenicity of the H3N2 component of the inactivated and fragmented influenza vaccine in patients with two systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Adult and Juvenile, Primary Sjögren's Syndrome).

Description:

Studies in the literature have shown reduced effectiveness of influenza A (H3N2) virus vaccine (20-40%) when compared to A (H1N1) and influenza B. This reduction in efficacy may partly result of the need to propagate A (H3N2) virus into egg components for the preparation of the vaccine. Other factors that may also contribute to the reduction of efficacy against A (H3N2) viruses include the high level of genetic diversity and the rate of rapid evolution of this particular virus subtype and the modification of the immune response to the vaccine secondary of prior infection or vaccination.

Vaccine efficacy studies are required to verify the immunogenicity of the H3N2 influenza vaccine in immunosuppressed patients with rheumatologic disease. In addition, it is relevant to evaluate the safety of the vaccine in this population as well as the possibility of reactivation of the rheumatologic disease itself. The objectives of this study are to:

1. Evaluate the immunogenicity of the H3N2 component of the inactivated and fragmented influenza vaccine (A / Michigan / 45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09-like virus, A / Singapore / INFIMH-16-0019 / 2016 (H3N2) -like virus; B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus] in patients with two systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Adult and Juvenile, Primary Sjögren's Syndrome).

2. Assess the safety of immunization with the inactivated influenza vaccine [A / Michigan / 45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09-like virus, A / Singapore / INFIMH-16-0019 / 2016 (H3N2) -like virus; B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus] in these patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

3. Evaluate the possible association between vaccinal immunogenicity with: demographic data, clinical and laboratorial activity of the disease, and treatment of patients with these rheumatic diseases.

Patients with diagnosis of adult and juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE and JSLE) (n=100) and Sjogren syndrome (SSp) (n=30) according to the classification criteria established for these diseases will be prospectively evaluated at the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo (HC-FMUSP).

The control group will consist of 120 healthy individuals who will be recruited into the vaccination campaign paired for age and sex. The juvenile control group will be composed of 50 healthy children who will be recruited in the vaccination campaign paired for age and sex.

Patients and healthy controls will be vaccinated with one dose of the inactivated and fragmented influenza vaccine (A / Michigan / 45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09-like virus, A / Singapore / INFIMH-16-0019 / 2016 (H3N2) -like virus; B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus].

At study entry (D0) and after 30-45 days, blood sample will be collected from patients (SLE, SLE and SSp) and controls.

At entry (D0) and end of study (between D30-D45), patients will be assessed for clinical and laboratory disease activity through specific disease indexes of inflammatory activity: SLE: SLEDAI (lab: blood count, anti-dsDNA, complement, urine I and prot / creat ratio + 1 dry tube for H3N2 serology); SSp: EULAR Sjogren's syndrome disease activity index (Lab: PCR, anti-Ro / SS-A and anti-La / SS-B + 1 dry tube for H3N2 serology).

Patients and healthy controls are advised on possible side effects of the vaccine. In addition, patients and controls are instructed to note in a standardized diary symptoms during study period, such as pruritus, local pain, erythema, induration at the site of the vaccine, fever, chills, headache, myalgia, arthralgia and diarrhea. Signs of airway infections (cough, sputum, sore throat, nasal congestion or expectoration), fever (axillary temperature> 37.8 °C), need for hospitalizations, severity of infections, sick days, absenteeism at work, and treatment received for infections. Serious adverse events will be defined as those resulting in hospitalization or death. A contact telephone number for patients and controls is provided for guidance on moderate to severe adverse events.

Patients and controls are advised to contact the investigators in case of flu symptoms up to 6 months after vaccination to be evaluated clinically and with nasal swab collection for respiratory virus.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 300
• Est. completion date: August 23, 2018
• Est. primary completion date: June 23, 2018
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 9 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult and juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and juvenile SLE patients according to the ACR classification criteria aged = 18 years for adults and aged = 9 and <18 years for the juvenile group

• Patients with primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SSp) (classification criteria of the European Study Group on Diagnostic Criteria for Sjögren's Syndrome) aged = 18 years

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of anaphylactic response to vaccine components or egg allergy

2. Moderate or severe acute febrile illness

3. Guillain-Barré syndrome, decompensated heart failure (class III or IV), demyelinating disease.

4. History of live virus vaccine up to 4 weeks before, virus vaccine inactivated up to 2 weeks prior, influenza vaccine up to 6 months prior to study.

5. History of having received blood products up to 6 months prior to the study.

6. Individuals who do not agree to participate in the study and / or whose parents do not agree to participate in the study.

7. Inpatients

8. Patients with severe conditions requiring hospitalization

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
• Sjogren's Syndrome
• Systemic Lupus

Intervention

Biological:
• Inactivated and fragmented influenza vaccine (A / Michigan / 45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09-like virus, A / Singapore / INFIMH-16-0019 / 2016 (H3N2) -like virus; B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus)
Single dose of Inactivated and fragmented influenza vaccine (A / Michigan / 45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09-like virus, A / Singapore / INFIMH-16-0019 / 2016 (H3N2) -like virus; B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus)

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Brazil	Rheumatology Division of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo	São Paulo

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Sao Paulo General Hospital

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Brazil, 

References & Publications (10)

Aikawa NE, Campos LM, Silva CA, Carvalho JF, Saad CG, Trudes G, Duarte A, Miraglia JL, Timenetsky Mdo C, Viana VS, França IL, Bonfa E, Pereira RM. Glucocorticoid: major factor for reduced immunogenicity of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine in patients with juvenile autoimmune rheumatic disease. J Rheumatol. 2012 Jan;39(1):167-73. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.110721. Epub 2011 Nov 15. — View Citation

Aikawa NE, França IL, Ribeiro AC, Sallum AM, Bonfa E, Silva CA. Short and long-term immunogenicity and safety following the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients under conventional DMARDs with or without anti-TNF therapy. Vaccine. 2015 Jan 29;33(5):604-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.12.030. Epub 2014 Dec 29. — View Citation

Borba EF, Saad CG, Pasoto SG, Calich AL, Aikawa NE, Ribeiro AC, Moraes JC, Leon EP, Costa LP, Guedes LK, Silva CA, Goncalves CR, Fuller R, Oliveira SA, Ishida MA, Precioso AR, Bonfa E. Influenza A/H1N1 vaccination of patients with SLE: can antimalarial drugs restore diminished response under immunosuppressive therapy? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2012 Jun;51(6):1061-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker427. Epub 2012 Jan 31. — View Citation

Chiu SS, Kwan MYW, Feng S, Wong JSC, Leung CW, Chan ELY, Chan KH, Ng TK, To WK, Cowling BJ, Peiris JSM. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A(H3N2) Hospitalizations in Children in Hong Kong in a Prolonged Season, 2016/2017. J Infect Dis. 201 — View Citation

Korsun N, Angelova S, Trifonova I, Tzotcheva I, Mileva S, Voleva S, Georgieva I, Perenovska P. Predominance of influenza A(H3N2) viruses during the 2016/2017 season in Bulgaria. J Med Microbiol. 2018 Feb;67(2):228-239. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.000668. Epub 2018 — View Citation

Kuruma KA, Borba EF, Lopes MH, de Carvalho JF, Bonfá E. Safety and efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2007;16(5):350-4. — View Citation

Pasoto SG, Ribeiro AC, Bonfa E. Update on infections and vaccinations in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2014 Sep;26(5):528-37. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000084. Review. — View Citation

Saad CG, Borba EF, Aikawa NE, Silva CA, Pereira RM, Calich AL, Moraes JC, Ribeiro AC, Viana VS, Pasoto SG, Carvalho JF, França IL, Guedes LK, Shinjo SK, Sampaio-Barros PD, Caleiro MT, Goncalves CR, Fuller R, Levy-Neto M, Timenetsky Mdo C, Precioso AR, Bonfa E. Immunogenicity and safety of the 2009 non-adjuvanted influenza A/H1N1 vaccine in a large cohort of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011 Jun;70(6):1068-73. doi: 10.1136/ard.2011.150250. — View Citation

Silva CA, Aikawa NE, Bonfa E. Vaccinations in juvenile chronic inflammatory diseases: an update. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2013 Sep;9(9):532-43. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2013.95. Epub 2013 Jul 2. Review. — View Citation

Skowronski DM, Chambers C, De Serres G, Dickinson JA, Winter AL, Hickman R, Chan T, Jassem AN, Drews SJ, Charest H, Gubbay JB, Bastien N, Li Y, Krajden M. Early season co-circulation of influenza A(H3N2) and B(Yamagata): interim estimates of 2017/18 vacci — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Number of participants with seroprotection and seroconversion after Influenza vaccine	Immunogenicity (seroprotection and seroconversion) of the H3N2 component of the inactivated and fragmented influenza vaccine (A / Michigan / 45/2015 (H1N1) pdm09-like virus, A / Singapore / INFIMH-16-0019 / 2016 (H3N2) -like virus; B / Phuket / 3073/2013-like virus) will be evaluated by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay	30 days
Secondary	Number of participants with vaccine-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v4.0	Patients and healthy controls are instructed to note all symptoms in a standardized diary during study period, such as pruritus, local pain, erythema, induration at the site of the vaccine, fever, chills, headache, myalgia, arthralgia and diarrhea. Signs of airway infections (cough, sputum, sore throat, nasal congestion or expectoration), fever (axillary temperature> 37.8 °C), need for hospitalizations, severity of infections, sick days, absenteeism at work, and treatment received for infections. Serious adverse events will be defined as those resulting in hospitalization or death. Number of participants with vaccine-related adverse events will be assessed by CTCAE v4.0 and the following reference: "Saad CG, Borba EF, Aikawa NE, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of the 2009 non-adjuvanted influenza A/H1N1 vaccine in a large cohort of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1068-73."	30 days