Modified Cross Body Stretch Verses Modified Sleeper Stretch in Basketball Players for Posterior Capsule Tightness

Shoulder Capsulitis Clinical Trial

Official title:

Comparison of Modified Cross Body Stretch and Modified Sleeper Stretch in Basketball Players for Posterior Capsule Tightness in Basketball Players

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04668079
• Other study ID #: REC/00720 Rubina Naz
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: April 1, 2020
• Est. completion date: December 8, 2020

Study information

• Verified date: December 2020
• Source: Riphah International University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The aim of this research is to compare the effect of modified cross body stretch and modified sleeper stretch on pain, range of motion, disability and throwing ability in athletes with posterior capsule tightness. Randomized controlled trials done at International Islamic University. The sample size was 32. The subjects were divided in two groups, 16 subjects in modified cross body stretch group and 16 in modified sleeper stretch group. Study duration was of 6 months. Sampling technique applied was non probability connivance sampling technique. Tools used in the study are PENN shoulder score, gonoiometer, thumb up back(TUB) and seated basketball throw test(SBBT). Data was be analyzed through SPSS 21.

Description:

Basketball is considered as the highly demanding sports due to high demand and complexity of the game. The overhead throwing activities makes it more vulnerable to the injuries. In repetitive throwing there are different type of violet forces placed on shoulder joint It causes adaptation in soft tissue anatomically which in turn limits ROM of shoulder joint and Posterior shoulder tightness.

Posterior capsule tightness can result due to abnormal humeral head motion which decreases subacromial space during overhead activities leading to compression of tissues causing limited shoulder flexion, internal rotation and horizontal adduction. Posterior capsule tightening occurs when the capsular tissue and musculature of the shoulder tighten, usually due to "repeated overload in the eccentric portion of arm deceleration. This loss of internal rotation results from contracture and tightening of the posterior inferior portion of the glenohumeral joint capsule, which occurs from the repetitive microtrauma imparted during the deceleration phase of the throwing motion. Repetitive throwing motion creates adaptive increased external rotation and decreased internal rotation in the dominant shoulder joint which is termed as GIRD (Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit).Posterior capsule tightness is often treated without surgery. It can be treated by strengthening, stretching, neuromuscular control exercises. Strengthening protocol can perform specifically on Weak muscles by using resistance and weight. The neuromuscular training helps the body to act and react on different pattern of stress demand on it through neural pathways. The mainstay of the posterior capsule tightness treatment for athlete is the stretching of the posterior capsule. One author proposed the modified forms, the modified sleeper stretch and the modified cross body stretch. And found these modified stretching more effective and beneficial than the sleeper and cross body stretch Literature review: Kevin et al investigated the acute effects of sleeper stretch on posterior shoulder tightness and internal rotation of shoulder. There was significant improvement in results.

A study conducted in 2018 to determine whether posterior shoulder stretch was effective in increasing internal rotation and horizontal adduction ROM in volleyball and tennis players with internal rotation deficit >¬¬15 degrees. The intervention group performs the sleeper stretch daily for 8 weeks. Results showed significant improvement in internal rotation and horizontal adduction.

Another article was published in 2014, with the aim to compare the effects of horizontal adduction stretch with scapular stabilization versus horizontal adduction stretch without scapular stabilization on posterior shoulder tightness and passive internal rotation. Results showed significant improvement among the scapular stabilization group.

A RCT conducted in which each subject completed stretching interventions for two days. Purpose of the study was to investigate acute effects of modified sleeper stretch and modified cross body stretch on posterior shoulder tightness and glenohumral internal rotation deficit with more than 10-degree loss.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 32
• Est. completion date: December 8, 2020
• Est. primary completion date: November 1, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 15 Years to 30 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Basketball Players

• Internal rotation deficit greater than 20° degrees

• BMI 18.5-24.9

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having a systemic pathology including inflammatory joint disease

• Having musculoskeletal or neurological disease

• Having taken anti-inflammatory medication

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Bursitis
• Shoulder Capsulitis

Intervention

Other:
• Modified cross body stretch
Athlete was in side lying positioned. trunk was moved posteriorly 200 to 300 and shoulder is raised to 900 and semi flex both knees. Athlete was ask to passively pull the humerus across the body into horizontal adduction with the opposite hand. 5 reps once daily 3 sets for 4 weeks was given
• Modified sleeper stretch
Athlete was in side lying positioned on the involved side, trunk was rolled posteriorly 200 to 300 and shoulder is raised to 900 and elbow is flexed to 900 and semiflex both knees. athlete was ask to perform internal rotation passively by using the opposite arm. 5 reps once daily 3 sets for 4 weeks was given

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Pakistan	Islamic international medical college	Islamabad	Punjab

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Riphah International University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Pakistan, 

References & Publications (12)

Chepeha JC, Magee DJ, Bouliane M, Sheps D, Beaupre L. Effectiveness of a Posterior Shoulder Stretching Program on University-Level Overhead Athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Mar;28(2):146-152. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000434. — View Citation

Drakos MC, Domb B, Starkey C, Callahan L, Allen AA. Injury in the national basketball association: a 17-year overview. Sports Health. 2010 Jul;2(4):284-90. — View Citation

Ekhtiari S, Khan M, Burrus T, Madden K, Gagnier J, Rogowski JP, Maerz T, Bedi A. Hip and Groin Injuries in Professional Basketball Players: Impact on Playing Career and Quality of Life After Retirement. Sports Health. 2019 May/Jun;11(3):218-222. doi: 10.1177/1941738119838274. Epub 2019 Apr 23. — View Citation

Grow K. The Sleeper Stretch: Effects on Range of Motion and Injury in Baseball Players. 2010

Immediate effects of two types of stretching techniques on glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and posterior shoulder tightness; a crossover randomised controlled trial

Laudner KG, Sipes RC, Wilson JT. The acute effects of sleeper stretches on shoulder range of motion. J Athl Train. 2008 Jul-Aug;43(4):359-63. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-43.4.359. — View Citation

McClure P, Balaicuis J, Heiland D, Broersma ME, Thorndike CK, Wood A. A randomized controlled comparison of stretching procedures for posterior shoulder tightness. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007 Mar;37(3):108-14. — View Citation

Myers JB, Laudner KG, Pasquale MR, Bradley JP, Lephart SM. Glenohumeral range of motion deficits and posterior shoulder tightness in throwers with pathologic internal impingement. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Mar;34(3):385-91. Epub 2005 Nov 22. — View Citation

Quartey J, Davor SF, Kwakye SK. An injury profile of basketball players in Accra, Ghana. S Afr J Physiother. 2019 Mar 27;75(1):467. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v75i1.467. eCollection 2019. — View Citation

Rao MS, Tejitha S. COMPARISON OF 3 STRETCHING PROTOCOLS FOR POSTERIOR SHOULDER TIGHTNESS IN THROWERS. Int J Physiother Res. 2016;4(2):1429-35

Salamh PA, Kolber MJ, Hanney WJ. Effect of scapular stabilization during horizontal adduction stretching on passive internal rotation and posterior shoulder tightness in young women volleyball athletes: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Feb;96(2):349-56. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.09.038. Epub 2014 Oct 23. — View Citation

Vukasevic V, Mitrovic M, Masanovic B. A comparative study of motor ability between elite basketball players from different regions. Sport Mont. 2020;18(1):Ahead of Print

* Note: There are 12 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	PENN shoulder score	The disability of shoulder conditions was measured by Penn score. Which consists of 3 categories i.e.; pain, satisfaction and functional ability. Pain consists of 3 questionnaires that consists of 10 scores each (total 30) and then satisfaction, it consists of 1 questionnaire consists of 10 scores, functional ability consists of 20 questionnaires with 10 scores each for the questionnaire (total 60)	4th week
Primary	Seated basketball throw	SBBT (seated basketball throws) was used to test the explosiveness of the upper extremity.	4th week
Primary	Thumb up back(TUB)	(Thumb-up-the back- measurement) was used to measure the ability to actively move thumb up the back with the help of inch tape.	4th week
Secondary	Shoulder ROM (flexion)	Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder flexion was taken with the Help of Goniometer	4th week
Secondary	Shoulder ROM Extension	Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder extension was taken with the Help of Goniometer	4th week
Secondary	Shoulder ROM abduction	Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of shoulder abduction was taken with the Help of Goniometer	4th week
Secondary	Shoulder ROM adduction	Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of shoulder adduction was taken with the Help of Goniometer	4th week
Secondary	Shoulder ROM external rotation	Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder external rotation was taken with the Help of Goniometer	4th week
Secondary	Shoulder ROM internal rotation	Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder internal rotation was taken with the Help of Goniometer	4th week