Renin-guided Hemodynamic Management in Patients With Shock

Shock Clinical Trial

— RENIN  

Official title:

Effect of Personalized Hemodynamic Management Based on Serum Renin Concentration on Acute Kidney Injury Progression in Patients With Shock: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05898126
• Other study ID #: RENIN - 141/INT/2022
• Secondary ID: GR-2021-12375069
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: September 5, 2024
• Est. completion date: July 28, 2027

Study information

• Verified date: April 2024
• Source: Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
• Contact: Alessandro Belletti, MD
• Phone: 0039 0226436151
• Email: belletti.alessandro[@]hsr.it
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Shock is a major risk factor for mortality among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Since various hemodynamic strategies uniformly delivered to patients with shock have failed to improve clinically relevant outcomes, individualized approaches for shock supported by robust evidence are required. This study will be a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. The investigators will randomly assign 800 critically ill patients requiring norepinephrine infusion to the renin-guided or usual care groups. The investigators hypothesize that renin-guided hemodynamic management, compared to usual care, can reduce a composite of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) progression in patients requiring vasopressor support.

Description:

Shock is a common cause of death among patients admitted to intensive care units. Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs in patients with shock (3, 4). Maintaining adequate perfusion pressure and oxygen delivery is crucial in the hemodynamic management of shock (5). Several randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effect of various hemodynamic protocols treating shock patients with a "one size fits all" approach. However, such protocols did not reduce mortality (6-8). The task force of the surviving sepsis campaign identified the personalization of sepsis resuscitation as a research priority (9). Moreover, a large RCT showed that personalizing blood pressure targets reduced the risk of postoperative organ dysfunction in patients undergoing major surgery (10). These findings suggest that applying individualized hemodynamic strategy may optimize shock treatment and potentially improve outcomes (11).

Recent studies have investigated renin as a novel marker of tissue hypoperfusion in critically ill patients. While serum lactate level has been the most common and validated marker for tissue hypoperfusion (12), several studies are now suggesting that renin may predict mortality better than lactate in critically ill patients (13, 14). Notably, relative renin increase is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and shock reversal has been shown to decrease renin concentration (15).

The investigators aim to perform the Randomized Evaluation of persoNalized hemodynamIc maNagement based on serum renin concentration (RENIN) trial to test the hypothesis that renin-guided hemodynamic management can reduce a composite of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) progression during the hospital stay in patients requiring vasopressors compared with usual care.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 800
• Est. completion date: July 28, 2027
• Est. primary completion date: April 28, 2027
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• =18 years old

• Admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU)

• Requiring norepinephrine infusion at any dose to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of =65 mmHg after initial fluid resuscitation

• Expected to stay in the ICU for at least 24 hours

• Written informed consent from the patient him-/herself or the patient's next of kin as requested by the ethics committee.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnancy

• Refused informed consent

• Current enrollment into another randomized controlled trial that does not allow concomitant enrollment

• Requiring vasopressors for >12 hours before the enrollment

• Renal failure with an imminent need for renal replacement therapy (RRT)

• Intention to use RRT by clinical judgment despite lack of urgent clinical indication

• AKI stage 2 and 3 at enrollment according to the KDIGO criteria

• Prior enrollment in this study

• Severe liver disease (Child-Pugh score >7 points)

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) equal to or worse than CKD stage IV (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2)

• History of kidney transplant

• Any condition explicitly requiring a higher or lower blood pressure target according to clinical judgment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Shock

Intervention

Procedure:
• Renin-guided hemodynamic management
If normalization of renin levels is achieved (values within the normal laboratory range), we will continue with usual care according to local protocols.
• Usual care
Standard of care

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Italy	Ospedale Mater Domini	Catanzaro	Calabria

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Italy, 

References & Publications (19)

Asfar P, Meziani F, Hamel JF, Grelon F, Megarbane B, Anguel N, Mira JP, Dequin PF, Gergaud S, Weiss N, Legay F, Le Tulzo Y, Conrad M, Robert R, Gonzalez F, Guitton C, Tamion F, Tonnelier JM, Guezennec P, Van Der Linden T, Vieillard-Baron A, Mariotte E, Pradel G, Lesieur O, Ricard JD, Herve F, du Cheyron D, Guerin C, Mercat A, Teboul JL, Radermacher P; SEPSISPAM Investigators. High versus low blood-pressure target in patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 24;370(17):1583-93. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1312173. Epub 2014 Mar 18. — View Citation

Bagshaw SM, Lapinsky S, Dial S, Arabi Y, Dodek P, Wood G, Ellis P, Guzman J, Marshall J, Parrillo JE, Skrobik Y, Kumar A; Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock (CATSS) Database Research Group. Acute kidney injury in septic shock: clinical outcomes and impact of duration of hypotension prior to initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Intensive Care Med. 2009 May;35(5):871-81. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1367-2. Epub 2008 Dec 9. — View Citation

Cecconi M, De Backer D, Antonelli M, Beale R, Bakker J, Hofer C, Jaeschke R, Mebazaa A, Pinsky MR, Teboul JL, Vincent JL, Rhodes A. Consensus on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring. Task force of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 2014 Dec;40(12):1795-815. doi: 10.1007/s00134-014-3525-z. Epub 2014 Nov 13. — View Citation

Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, Antonelli M, Coopersmith CM, French C, Machado FR, Mcintyre L, Ostermann M, Prescott HC, Schorr C, Simpson S, Wiersinga WJ, Alshamsi F, Angus DC, Arabi Y, Azevedo L, Beale R, Beilman G, Belley-Cote E, Burry L, Cecconi M, Centofanti J, Coz Yataco A, De Waele J, Dellinger RP, Doi K, Du B, Estenssoro E, Ferrer R, Gomersall C, Hodgson C, Moller MH, Iwashyna T, Jacob S, Kleinpell R, Klompas M, Koh Y, Kumar A, Kwizera A, Lobo S, Masur H, McGloughlin S, Mehta S, Mehta Y, Mer M, Nunnally M, Oczkowski S, Osborn T, Papathanassoglou E, Perner A, Puskarich M, Roberts J, Schweickert W, Seckel M, Sevransky J, Sprung CL, Welte T, Zimmerman J, Levy M. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-1247. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y. Epub 2021 Oct 2. No abstract available. — View Citation

Futier E, Lefrant JY, Guinot PG, Godet T, Lorne E, Cuvillon P, Bertran S, Leone M, Pastene B, Piriou V, Molliex S, Albanese J, Julia JM, Tavernier B, Imhoff E, Bazin JE, Constantin JM, Pereira B, Jaber S; INPRESS Study Group. Effect of Individualized vs Standard Blood Pressure Management Strategies on Postoperative Organ Dysfunction Among High-Risk Patients Undergoing Major Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Oct 10;318(14):1346-1357. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.14172. — View Citation

Gleeson PJ, Crippa IA, Mongkolpun W, Cavicchi FZ, Van Meerhaeghe T, Brimioulle S, Taccone FS, Vincent JL, Creteur J. Renin as a Marker of Tissue-Perfusion and Prognosis in Critically Ill Patients. Crit Care Med. 2019 Feb;47(2):152-158. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003544. — View Citation

Hernandez G, Ospina-Tascon GA, Damiani LP, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegria L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernandez P, Barahona D, Granda-Luna V, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J; The ANDROMEDA SHOCK Investigators and the Latin America Intensive Care Network (LIVEN); Hernandez G, Ospina-Tascon G, Petri Damiani L, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegria L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernandez P, Barahona D, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J, Hernandez G, Alegria L, Ferri G, Rodriguez N, Holger P, Soto N, Pozo M, Bakker J, Cook D, Vincent JL, Rhodes A, Kavanagh BP, Dellinger P, Rietdijk W, Carpio D, Pavez N, Henriquez E, Bravo S, Valenzuela ED, Vera M, Dreyse J, Oviedo V, Cid MA, Larroulet M, Petruska E, Sarabia C, Gallardo D, Sanchez JE, Gonzalez H, Arancibia JM, Munoz A, Ramirez G, Aravena F, Aquevedo A, Zambrano F, Bozinovic M, Valle F, Ramirez M, Rossel V, Munoz P, Ceballos C, Esveile C, Carmona C, Candia E, Mendoza D, Sanchez A, Ponce D, Ponce D, Lastra J, Nahuelpan B, Fasce F, Luengo C, Medel N, Cortes C, Campassi L, Rubatto P, Horna N, Furche M, Pendino JC, Bettini L, Lovesio C, Gonzalez MC, Rodruguez J, Canales H, Caminos F, Galletti C, Minoldo E, Aramburu MJ, Olmos D, Nin N, Tenzi J, Quiroga C, Lacuesta P, Gaudin A, Pais R, Silvestre A, Olivera G, Rieppi G, Berrutti D, Ochoa M, Cobos P, Vintimilla F, Ramirez V, Tobar M, Garcia F, Picoita F, Remache N, Granda V, Paredes F, Barzallo E, Garces P, Guerrero F, Salazar S, Torres G, Tana C, Calahorrano J, Solis F, Torres P, Herrera L, Ornes A, Perez V, Delgado G, Lopez A, Espinosa E, Moreira J, Salcedo B, Villacres I, Suing J, Lopez M, Gomez L, Toctaquiza G, Cadena Zapata M, Orazabal MA, Pardo Espejo R, Jimenez J, Calderon A, Paredes G, Barberan JL, Moya T, Atehortua H, Sabogal R, Ortiz G, Lara A, Sanchez F, Hernan Portilla A, Davila H, Mora JA, Calderon LE, Alvarez I, Escobar E, Bejarano A, Bustamante LA, Aldana JL. Effect of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status vs Serum Lactate Levels on 28-Day Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Feb 19;321(7):654-664. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0071. — View Citation

Jeyaraju M, McCurdy MT, Levine AR, Devarajan P, Mazzeffi MA, Mullins KE, Reif M, Yim DN, Parrino C, Lankford AS, Chow JH. Renin Kinetics Are Superior to Lactate Kinetics for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Hypotensive Critically Ill Patients. Crit Care Med. 2022 Jan 1;50(1):50-60. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005143. — View Citation

Kellum JA, Lameire N; KDIGO AKI Guideline Work Group. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of acute kidney injury: a KDIGO summary (Part 1). Crit Care. 2013 Feb 4;17(1):204. doi: 10.1186/cc11454. — View Citation

Kotani Y, Belletti A, D'Andria Ursoleo J, Salvati S, Landoni G. Norepinephrine Dose Should Be Reported as Base Equivalence in Clinical Research Manuscripts. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2023 Sep;37(9):1523-1524. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.05.013. Epub 2023 May 11. No abstract available. — View Citation

Kotani Y, Landoni G, Belletti A, Khanna AK. Response to: norepinephrine formulation for equivalent vasopressive score. Crit Care. 2023 Mar 28;27(1):125. doi: 10.1186/s13054-023-04404-x. No abstract available. — View Citation

Kullmar M, Saadat-Gilani K, Weiss R, Massoth C, Lagan A, Cortes MN, Gerss J, Chawla LS, Fliser D, Meersch M, Zarbock A. Kinetic Changes of Plasma Renin Concentrations Predict Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 May 1;203(9):1119-1126. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202005-2050OC. — View Citation

Lamontagne F, Richards-Belle A, Thomas K, Harrison DA, Sadique MZ, Grieve RD, Camsooksai J, Darnell R, Gordon AC, Henry D, Hudson N, Mason AJ, Saull M, Whitman C, Young JD, Rowan KM, Mouncey PR; 65 trial investigators. Effect of Reduced Exposure to Vasopressors on 90-Day Mortality in Older Critically Ill Patients With Vasodilatory Hypotension: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2020 Mar 10;323(10):938-949. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.0930. — View Citation

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Marenzi G, Assanelli E, Campodonico J, De Metrio M, Lauri G, Marana I, Moltrasio M, Rubino M, Veglia F, Montorsi P, Bartorelli AL. Acute kidney injury in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock at admission. Crit Care Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):438-44. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181b9eb3b. — View Citation

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* Note: There are 19 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	A composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization.	The primary outcome will be a composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization. We will define AKI progression as increasing at least two AKI stages compared to the AKI stage at study enrollment. We will define and stage AKI according to the current international criteria, the KDIGO guidelines (16). We will use both creatinine and urine output criteria.	30 days
Secondary	All-cause mortality at intensive care unit discharge, hospital discharge, and 90 days after randomization.		90 days
Secondary	The need for and duration of vasopressors at 30 days after randomization	Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned 30 days of duration of vasopressors at day 30.	30 days
Secondary	Days alive and free from mechanical ventilation	Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and free from mechanical ventilation at day 30.	30 days
Secondary	Day alive and free from renal replacement therapy.	Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and free from renal replacement therapy at day 30.	30 days
Secondary	Days alive and outside the ICU.	Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and outside the ICU at day 30.	30 days
Secondary	Duration of hospital stay.	Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned 30 days of hospital stay.	30 days
Secondary	Major adverse kidney events at day 90.	Major adverse kidney events are defined as a composite of death, the dependence of renal replacement therapy, and persistent renal dysfunction (defined as a 25% or greater decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from the baseline) (17).	90 days
Secondary	Quality of life at day 90.	EQ-5D-5L is the most widely used measure of health-related quality of life.	90 days
Secondary	Adverse events during hospital stay.	Adverse events will include atrial fibrillation, acute myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia, digital ischemia, mesenteric ischemia, bleeding, reintubation, need for non-invasive ventilation, delirium, and stroke.	30 days