Sedentary Lifestyle Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Effect of Sitting and Moderate Exercise on Plasma Insulin and Glucose Responses to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
The investigators hypothesize that cycling for 1 hour of exercise at 65% peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) after sitting >13 hr/day (SIT+EX) will not be different in postprandial plasma insulin responses compared to the control of only sitting (SIT). Furthermore, the investigators hypothesize that the SIT and SIT+EX groups will have a less favorble insulin response compared to the physically active group after performing the same 1-hour exercise bout (ACTIVE+EX).
Twelve healthy, untrained male and female participants will complete three different trials
in a randomized, crossover design, each occurring over 4 days with a 3-4 day interval between
the trials. Each trial consists of 3 phases. The first two days will serve as a control phase
(C1) that will allow for familiarization, followed by a 2-day intervention phase consisting
of 2 days of sitting 13 h/d for both groups (D1- D2) (SIT+EX and ACTIVE+EX). On the evening
of Day 2 the SIT+EX and ACTIVE+EX groups will cycle for 1 hour at 65% of VO2peak. On the
morning of Day 3 participants in all conditions will ingest a drink containing 75-g of
glucose and undergo a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). For all trials,
participants will refrain from any exercise other than that described for the study.
One week prior to the initiation of the first trial, participants will visit the Human
Performance Laboratory (HPL) for a 10 min exercise test to measure peak oxygen uptake while
cycling (VO2peak). On the same day, participants will be instrumented with an activity
monitor worn on their thigh to record time sitting, standing and lying as well as step count
(activPal). During the two control day (C1), participants will be asked to refrain from any
planned exercise but will be asked to walk or move between 6,000 - 7,500 steps per day, which
is considered to be 'low level of physical activity'(31). During the intervention days
(D1-D2), those completing SIT and SIT+EX conditions will be asked to remain seated throughout
much of the day and achieve <3,000 steps, while those completing the ACTIVE+EX condition will
be asked to break up their sitting with low-intensity physical activity, not exercise, and
achieve >10,000 steps. However, the only difference between trials is that at 18:00 h during
SIT+EX and ACTIVE+EX they will cycle for 1-hr at 65% VO2peak.
On the day of the OGTT (D3), participants will report to the laboratory at 07:00 h. Body
weight will be measured. They will lay down for 5 minutes and a catheter will be inserted
into an antecubital vein and a fasting blood sample will then be collected 10 min before
consumption of high-glucose drink (75 g) composed of water and glucose monohydrate.
Approximately 5 ml of blood will be collected at 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after
ingestion. Approximately 60 ml of blood will be sampled during each of the three trials and
thus the total will amount to approximately 180 ml (6 ounces, 12 tablespoons). This amounts
to approximately 2-4% of a person's total blood volume.
All blood samples collected will be transferred to K2 EDTA collection tubes, centrifuged at
2,000 g for 15 minutes at 4◦C and then stored in -80◦C freezer until later analysis. During
OGTT, participants will sit quietly reading, watching movies, and/or surfing the Internet.
Participants will also be asked to keep a consistent sleep/wake cycle during the trials.
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