View clinical trials related to Secondhand Smoking.
Filter by:According to the "China Smoking Health Hazard Report 2020", the total number of smokers in China is estimated to be 350 million, of which 180 million are already addicted. In addition, more than 700 million nonsmokers are exposed to secondhand smoke and become passive smoking victims, among which the family is one of the main places of secondhand smoke exposure, and mothers and children are the most affected group. Passive smoking is a risk factor for spontaneous abortion in pregnant women and an important risk factor for the occurrence of gestational hypertension syndrome and pregnancy complications, and it also affects embryonic development with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, preterm birth, immune deficiency, birth defects, and mental retardation. Helping smokers quit is the fundamental solution to reducing secondhand smoke exposure. The accessibility and effectiveness of traditional offline smoking cessation intervention services do not meet the needs of society. With the development of mobile communication technology, digital cessation such as SMS cessation, WeChat cessation, and APP cessation have emerged, which combine clinical cessation guidelines with software technology and present rich product features and interactive design, providing a new solution to expand the accessibility of clinical cessation interventions and address the problem of secondhand smoke exposure.We hope to explore the impact of different digital cessation tools and their combinations on reducing smoking prevalence and maternal tobacco exposure.
Specific Aim 1. Characterize the long-term effects of secondhand smoke (SHS) on vascular health in pre-ban flight attendants (FAs). Investigators will measure arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) and endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index) in the pre-ban FA cases, and compare to the cardiovascular risk-factor matched Framingham controls. It is hypothesized that pre-ban FA cases have increased arterial stiffness (higher pulse wave velocity and higher augmentation index) and increased endothelial dysfunction (lower reactive hyperemia index) compared to Framingham controls. Specific Aim 2. Determine the extent in which remote pre-ban SHS exposure (hours) is associated with increased arterial stiffness or endothelial dysfunction. Investigators hypothesize that pre-ban SHS exposure is positively associated with both increased arterial stiffness and increased endothelial dysfunction. Specific Aim 3. Investigators will calculate the cardiovascular risk scores (Framingham, Reynolds, and ASCVD) by using subjects' age, blood pressure, family history, lipid panel, and highly sensitive C-reactive protein. Investigators will explore the association of the risk scores with measures of vascular aging (arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction). These scores do not include SHS exposure. Investigators will also test the additive value of SHS exposure in increasing arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction using the risk scores as an adjustment value. It is hypothesized that the cardiovascular risk scores are associated with vascular aging (arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction), and that the association between SHS exposure and vascular aging remains significant after adjusting for the cardiovascular risk scores. The significance of this proposal and impact will be (1) mechanistic insights into how remote SHS exposure leads to hypertension and vascular stiffness, (2) increased understanding of how SHS exposure can increase risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of death in the United States.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether high carboxyhemoglobin level is a risk factor for postoperative adverse events in children exposured to carbon monoxide, especially enviromental tobacco smoke.
The high prevalence of smoking in adults in many developing countries (e.g. in China, 61% among men and 7% among women) results in many children being exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS). Although in 2001 the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended the promotion of proper smoking hygiene, (i.e. smoking away from the immediate environment of infants and children), similar recommendations in many developing countries are either scarce or non-existent. We hypothesize that implementation of a package of smoking hygiene intervention measures delivered by community health workers (CHWs) will reduce Chinese children's exposure to SHS and improve their respiratory health.