View clinical trials related to Schistosomiasis.
Filter by:In this study, it is hypothesized that helminth infections modulate immune responses against HIV-1 infection resulting into increased HIV-1 multiplication, faster progression to AIDS and increased episodes of AIDS-related opportunistic infections. Furthermore, the effect of helminth infections on progression of HIV-1 infection is dependent on helminth infection intensity, host background immunity, nutritional status, demographic factors and socio-economic status. Also, treatment of helminth infections using praziquantel and albendazole among HIV-1 infected individuals will lead to reduction in HIV-1 viral loads, improvement of CD4+ counts, CD4+/CD8+ ratio and Hb levels, improved weight gain and reduction of episodes of HIV-1 related opportunistic infections. In addition, HIV-1 infection is associated with poor anthelminthic treatment outcome as compared to non-HIV infected individuals
Clinical Trial Phase:Phase III Primary Objectives: - Compare Mirazid and Praziquantel cure rates for both Schistosoma species. - Compare Mirazid and Praziquantel effect in lowering the intensity of infection for both Schistosoma species. Secondary Objective:Identify and compare the types and severity of side and adverse effects between the Mirazid and Praziquantel. Study Population:200 Schistosomiasis infected persons of both types of Schistosomiasis aged from 15-35 years. Those subjects will be selected from among those screened.Subjects will include both genders excluding chronically ill such as chronic liver disease patients and those with both types of Schistosomiasis. Recruitment Period:3 months and subjects follow up for another 3 months followed by 3 months for statistical analysis and report writing Study Duration: Total study duration is expected to be 9 months: 3 months for recruitment, 3 months for follow up and 3 months for data management and report writing. Endpoints: Will be measured at 3 months of successful administration of treatment either Mirazid or Praziquantel as per the randomization scheme. By then, final assessment of the response to treatment will be done by examining urine or stool of the subject for presence of Schistosoma eggs and its density if found. Three negative urine or stool samples collected 2-days apart at 12 weeks post treatment will indicate treatment success. One positive sample collected at week 12 will indicate infection with Schistosomiasis.
The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate safety and immunogenicity in adult healthy volunteers of the vaccine candidate against schistosomiasis named Bilhvax.
The purpose of this study is to determine if Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy, ACT,(artemether-lumefantrine) used as intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) alone or in combination with praziquantel, will have any effects on anemia, malaria, schistosomiasis and school sustained attention and concentration.
Objective and Hypotheses: This project has the overall objective of implementing and evaluating new approaches to reducing the current and future burden of urinary schistosomiasis in young children using the antihelminthic drug praziquantel. The investigators hypotheses are that (1) praziquantel treatment will be as effective in children 1 to 5 years of age (who are routinely excluded from schistosomiasis control programmes) as it is in older 6-10 year old children and (2) two treatments will be more effective than a single treatment, especially in children 1 to 5 years of age.
The purpose of the study is to understand whether the drug praziquantel (PZQ) is metabolized or broken down differently when women are pregnant versus not pregnant. PZQ is used to treat schistosomiasis (worm infection). Researchers will study how PZQ is broken down among 15 women who are 12-16 weeks pregnant, 15 women who are 30-36 weeks pregnant, and 15 women nonpregnant women who are producing breast milk. All women will be 18 or older and otherwise healthy. The usual practice is to wait until after mothers have finished pregnancy and breast feeding before giving PZQ. Participants will receive 2 doses of PZQ separated by 3 hours. Study procedures will include a 24 hour hospital stay following administration of PZQ, blood, stool and urine samples, ultrasound if pregnant, and physical exams of mother and baby. Patient participation for mother/infant pair is about 9 months.
Liver fibrosis is the most serious complication of schistosomiasis mansoni. However only limited proportion of subjects with infection develop this pathology and there is limited knowledge on risk factors for the differential morbidity patterns observed in endemic communities. Our preliminary cross-sectional study indicated that serum levels of antioxidants may be related with the development of fibrosis. The present project is a randomised double blinded placebo controlled prospective study investigating the role of food based antioxidant supplements on the outcome of anti-schistosomal chemotherapy with regards to the extent of fibrosis reversal.
A longitudinal study on immune responses in relation to protection against clinical malaria episodes will be conducted in Apac District, Uganda. Three cohorts will be recruited: children 1 to 5 years of age (n=250), children 6 to 10 years of age (n=125) and adults 25 and above (n=125). After finger prick sampling (~300µL) and examination at enrolment, participants will be followed up for one year. Follow-up will include fortnightly active case detection and three-monthly cross-sectional surveys. Clinical malaria attacks and the associated clinical and parasitological parameters will be related to immunological profiles determined utilizing a protein microarray as a capture substratum to profile the humoral immune response against a vast number of parasite antigens. For individuals who experience a clinical malaria attack or who are diagnosed with high density parasitaemia (≥15,000 parasites/µL) during cross-sectional surveys, a 5mL blood sample is obtained to determine the diversity of parasite antigens in the population in relation to antigen recognition in the cohort.
Schistosomiasis is a poverty-related water-transmitted parasitic disease affecting more that 200 million people world wide. Infection with Schistosoma haematobium may cause Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) with pathological lesions in the female genital tract, especially the cervix. Findings indicate that FGS is a hitherto under-diagnosed illness of young women in endemic poor tropical countries, deserving further attention. A cross-sectional study from Zimbabwe indicated that the pathologic genital lesions were unchanged two years after praziquantel treatment in adult women whereas in those who had been treated with praziquantel in childhood the prevalence of genital lesions was significantly lower. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of HIV was detected in women with FGS compared to those without. The proposed project aims at achieving a better understanding of how annual distribution of praziquantel to pre- and post-pubertal schoolgirls may prevent FGS. This information can be of use in current schistosomiasis control programs in the near term resulting in improved strategies for treatment. Preventing or reducing the risk of FGS and genital lesions will lead to improved reproductive health among in women living in schistosomiasis endemic areas. Project Goal: Contribute to a reduction of the global burden of female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) through improved knowledge about the prevention of gynecological lesions and through improved diagnosis of FGS.
This is a phase I, open-label, single arm trial, which aims to assess the safety of the vaccine prepared sm14 in healthy subjects. The product immunogenicity will be evaluated by conducting serology (anti-sm14 antibodies) and testing of cellular response to the antigen by the method ELI-SPOT. Each participant will remain in the study for approximately 4 months. The total study duration is 10 months, considering a period of 6 months for inclusion. Will be included in the study subjects male and female, between 18 and 49 years, that manifest their will to participate in the research by signing an Informed Consent Form. Eligible population for the study are subjects who do not present at screening significant changes in renal, cardiac and liver functions, complete blood count, clotting, present no acute or chronic illnesses, are not in the chronic use of any medication, do not have HIV infection or other immunodeficiency. Pregnant or breastfeeding women will not be included. Volunteers will receive three doses of vaccine prepared sm14, in doses containing 50 mcg of the antigen, associated with adjuvant GLA-SE at a dose of 10 mcg, with an interval of 30 days between each application. Twenty volunteers will be included in the study. This is a convenience sample, established for the first test of the product in humans, for the initial safety assessment.