View clinical trials related to Respiration Disorders.
Filter by:Respiratory failure is the most common cause of death in neuromuscular diseases. The aim of this research is to evaluate the thoracopulmonary recruitment by comparison of inspiratory vital capacity (VC ins)and inspiratory/expiratory vital capacity (VC ins-ex) with the vital capacity (VC) according to pathology and severity of pulmonary damage of patients with neuromuscular diseases. The methodology consists in realize VC by support of inspiratory/expiratory pressures, while the patient is passive and realizing a maximal inspiratory/expiratory effort simultaneously, with the aid of mechanical insufflation/exsufflation device (Cough Assist®). The evaluation will last for 30 minutes and the non-inclusion criteria are those for an insufflation. The study hypothesis is that long term insufflation/exsufflation device use could improve thoracopulmonary mobility.
To diagnose aspirin hypersensitivity in asthmatics by using and safe, low-dose aspirin oral challenge. Hypothesis 1: A low dose of oral ASA (20 or 40 mg) will induce significantly different concentrations of arachidonic acid metabolites in ASA-sensitive asthmatics as compared to ASA-tolerant asthmatics. Hypothesis 2: The low dose (20 or 40 mg) ASA challenge will be well tolerated by ASA-sensitive asthmatics.
Mechanical ventilation commonly is associated with patient agitation requiring sedation to alleviate discomfort and reduce excessive central respiratory drive. Upon recovery from acute respiratory failure, sedation is reduced to facilitate the withdrawal of ventilatory support. In some patients, abrupt reduction in sedation provokes severe agitation that causes catecholamine release resulting in severe hypertension, tachycardia and tachypnea. This requires increased sedation to bring hemodynamic and respiratory function under control. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 receptor agonist with both sedative and analgesic properties that allows for the reduction in the anesthetic and analgesic requirements in the perioperative setting. In addition to its sedative effects, alpha-2 receptor stimulation in the central nervous system inhibits sympathetic activity and reduces plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine levels, thereby lowering both arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Because alpha-2 receptor stimulation does not cause respiratory depression, dexmedetomidine may facilitate the transition to unassisted breathing in profoundly agitated patients. The investigators will prospectively evaluate dexmedetomidine in 30 patients who could not be extubated because of agitation with hemodynamic instability and tachypnea. The purpose of this study is to test if a larger prospective randomized controlled pilot study can show that dexmedetomidine facilitates weaning and extubation in patients who have failed previous attempts because of agitation and hyperdynamic cardiopulmonary response.
This is a research study of the effect of treating laryngomalacia (floppiness of tissue on top of the voice box that can possibly block breathing) found in association with obstructive sleep apnea (blockage of breathing while sleeping). The purpose of this study is to determine which is the best treatment for children with obstructive sleep apnea and laryngomalacia: adenotonsillectomy alone or adenotonsillectomy with laser supraglottoplasty (removal of tissue on top of the voice box to open the airway).