View clinical trials related to Racial Bias.
Filter by:The goal of this clinical trial is to test a parent-led program for reducing children's racial biases in White families. The main question it aims to answer is: With training, can parents effectively address their children's racial biases? Parent will receive training and tools for addressing their children's racial biases. Researchers will study effects on both parents' and children's racial biases.
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women globally, with ~1.4 million new cases diagnosed annually Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. While diabetes/insulin-resistance and breast cancer are distinct diseases, insulin-signaling plays a central role in both illnesses. Insulin activates key cancer processes including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tissue inflammation, motility, and angiogenesis. There are key opportunities to impact and prevent hyperinsulinemia during breast cancer prevention, surgical assessment, and chemotherapy. Given the high prevalence of undiagnosed pre-diabetes and diabetes in the United States and worldwide, preoperative screening to identify such patients prior to surgical intervention is warranted. While it is not standard of care to test for insulin-resistance during the course of breast cancer screening and treatment, it is standard of care to screen and test high risk women for insulin-resistance as part of whole woman care. Given the important role insulin signaling plays in driving signaling pathways that promote aggressive cancer biology, more attention should be paid by cancer physicians to screening and treating insulin resistance. Several studies have reinforced a link between breast cancer risk and diabetes. Moreover, metformin significantly reduces breast cancer risk, compared to patients who are not using metformin and is independent of diabetes status. As metformin has an association with decreased breast cancer recurrence, as well as potentially improved survival, disparities in insulin resistance between black and white women with breast cancer is important to investigate. It is hypothesized that metformin decreases the development of resistance in breast cancer cells, thereby allowing current chemotherapy agents to work synergistically with metformin. Our objective is to elucidate whether or not metformin is efficacious in improving insulin resistance in black and white women with breast cancer and if racial disparities in breast cancer prognosis can be partially explained by differences in pre-diagnosis insulin resistance which are improved with metformin therapy.
This pilot project aims to implement and investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a unique community based prenatal care and support model for African American women and infants in Dane County. The model, the "Today Not Tomorrow Pregnancy and Infant Support Program (TNT-PISP)" builds on emerging evidence about how to effectively implement and sustain prenatal care in black communities. It combines three approaches-community-based doula programs; group-based models of prenatal care, such as Centering Pregnancy; and community-based pregnancy support groups-into once monthly group sessions held during the prenatal and immediate postpartum period. The project is based at the Today Not Tomorrow Family Resource Center in Madison's East Side Community Center, and carried out in close collaboration with Project Babies, Harambee Village Doulas, and the African American Breastfeeding Alliance of Dane County, Inc.
When doctors and nurses use accepted guidelines for quickly treating patients who come to the emergency department (ED) with a possible heart attack, patients do better. Research shows that there are racial-identity- and ethnicity-based differences in the symptoms these patients have, when and why they seek care, the treatments they receive, and how well they fare afterwards. There is also Canadian evidence that there may be racial-identity-based disparities in the care some patients receive, and it has been suggested that health professionals may unconsciously treat patients of different racial identities differently. But it is not known if there is racial-identity variation in the care given to Canadian patients with heart attack symptoms in the critical first hours after coming to an ED, or in their experiences of this care. The investigators collected information from the health records of patients who come to EDs with symptoms of heart attack. The investigators recorded events and times such as what provisional diagnosis was assigned to the patient, how often they received pain medication, how long until certain tests were performed and what treatments were offered. The investigators also collected information about things that might affect delivery of care, e.g., the number of doctors and nurses who were on duty. Participants also completed a short questionnaire about their reasons for coming to the hospital, how long they waited before coming and why, and what their experience in the ED was like. The investigators reviewed this information to see if there are racial-identity-based differences in the care received by patients with heart attack symptoms. The findings could identify important disparities, which could in turn inform future projects to correct these disparities, for example, education of health professionals about ethnic differences in ideas of health and illness.