Glucose Metabolism in Subjects With Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas

Primary Aldosteronism Clinical Trial

Official title:

Glucose Metabolism in Subjects With Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02362308
• Other study ID #: 141553
• Secondary ID: R01DK096994
• Status: Completed
• Start date: January 2015
• Est. completion date: January 2020

Study information

• Verified date: April 2021
• Source: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

This observational study tests the hypothesis that endogenous aldosterone impairs insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in subjects with primary aldosteronism.

Description:

The week of each study period, subjects will be provided a standard 160mmol/d sodium diet for 6-8 days to control for inter-individual sodium intake.

In period 1, subjects will report after 5 days of controlled sodium diet for a hyperglycemic clamp study (to measure insulin secretion). Subjects will continue the study diet, and then return for a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study (to measure insulin sensitivity).

After completion of period 1 assessment, subjects will undergo adrenalectomy by our endocrine surgeons or initiate medical treatment, according to routine clinical care.

In period 2, the investigators will repeat the studies in the same manner as period 1, 3 to 12 months after adrenalectomy or initiation of medical treatment.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 10
• Est. completion date: January 2020
• Est. primary completion date: January 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 70 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Ambulatory subjects, 18 to 70 years of age, inclusive

2. For female subjects, the following conditions must be met:

• postmenopausal status for at least 1 year, or

• status-post surgical sterilization, or

• if of childbearing potential, utilization of adequate birth control and willingness to undergo urine beta-hcg testing on every study day.

3. Primary aldosteronism determined by both:

• Biochemical hyperaldosteronism defined as either:

1. Plasma aldosterone =15 ng/dL

2. or aldosterone-to-renin ratio of =30 if on ACE inhibitor

3. or aldosterone-to-renin ratio of =40 in absence of an ACE inhibitor

• Positive suppression test defined as either:

1. failure to suppress aldosterone to <7ng/dL after intravenous 0.9% saline infusion over 2 hours

2. failure to suppress 24-hour urinary aldosterone excretion to <12 µcg with simultaneously documented urine sodium excretion >200 mmol.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects presenting with any of the following will not be included in the study:

1. Previously diagnosed type 1 Diabetes

2. Type II Diabetes, as defined by ADA criteria:

• Hemoglobin A1C =6.5%

• Fasting plasma glucose =126mg/dl (7.0mmol/l)

• 2-hour 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) plasma glucose =200mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l) d. Current treatment with anti-diabetic medication(s)

3. Impaired renal function [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <30ml/min] as determined by the four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation, where serum creatinine (Scr) is expressed in mg/dl and age in years.

4. Prior allergies to medications used in the study protocol (e.g. L-arginine, potassium chloride, insulin), or to drugs within the same class.

5. Screening plasma potassium >5.5 mmol/L or sodium <135 mmol/L

6. Cardiovascular disease such as recent (<6 months) myocardial infarction, presence of angina pectoris, significant arrhythmia, congestive heart failure (LV hypertrophy acceptable), deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, second or third degree heart block, mitral valve stenosis, aortic stenosis or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

7. Breast-feeding

8. Treatment with anticoagulants

9. History of serious neurologic disease such as cerebral hemorrhage, stroke, seizure, or transient ischemic attack

10. History or presence of immunological or hematological disorders

11. Diagnosis of asthma requiring use of inhaled beta agonist >1 time per week

12. Clinically significant gastrointestinal impairment that could interfere with drug absorption

13. Impaired hepatic function [aspartate amino transaminase (AST) and/or alanine amino transaminase (ALT) >2.0 x upper limit of normal range]

14. Hematocrit <35%

15. Any underlying or acute disease requiring regular medication which could possibly pose a threat to the subject or make implementation of the protocol or interpretation of the study results difficult, such as arthritis treated with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs

16. Treatment with chronic systemic glucocorticoid therapy (more than 7 consecutive days in 1 month)

17. Treatment with lithium salts

18. History of alcohol or drug abuse

19. Treatment with any investigational drug in the 1 month preceding the study

20. Mental conditions rendering the subject unable to understand the nature, scope and possible consequences of the study

21. Inability to comply with the protocol, e.g., uncooperative attitude, inability to return for follow-up visits, and unlikelihood of completing the study

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Adenoma
• Hyperaldosteronism
• Primary Aldosteronism

Intervention

Other:
• Adrenalectomy
Adrenalectomy for treatment of primary aldosteronism, according to standard of care

Drug:
• mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist
Subjects will be treated with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist according to standard of care

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Vanderbilt University Medical Center	Nashville	Tennessee

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Vanderbilt University	Brigham and Women's Hospital, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (2)

Adler GK, Murray GR, Turcu AF, Nian H, Yu C, Solorzano CC, Manning R, Peng D, Luther JM. Primary Aldosteronism Decreases Insulin Secretion and Increases Insulin Clearance in Humans. Hypertension. 2020 May;75(5):1251-1259. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119. — View Citation

Luther JM, Wei DS, Ghoshal K, Peng D, Adler GK, Turcu AF, Nian H, Yu C, Solorzano CC, Pozzi A, Brown NJ. Treatment of Primary Aldosteronism Increases Plasma Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids. Hypertension. 2021 Apr;77(4):1323-1331. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.12 — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Urinary exosomal biomarkers	Urinary biomarkers of renal sodium channels and sodium transporters	Change from Baseline vs. 3-12 months after intervention
Other	Associative learning Memory testing	Associative learning task matching images and words	Change from Baseline vs. 3-12 months after intervention
Primary	Change in Acute Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion	measured by hyperglycemic clamp	Change from Baseline vs. 3-12 months after intervention
Primary	Change in Insulin Sensitivity Index	measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp	Change from Baseline vs. 3-12 months after intervention
Primary	Change in Disposition Index (product of Insulin sensitivity index and acute insulin secretion)	Product of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion	Change from Baseline vs. 3-12 months after intervention
Secondary	Suppression of Hepatic glucose production	suppression of hepatic glucose production during hyperinsulinemic clamp, determined using glucose tracer	Change from Baseline vs. 3-12 months after intervention