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Preventive Therapy clinical trials

View clinical trials related to Preventive Therapy.

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NCT ID: NCT03574090 Completed - Clinical trials for Surgical Wound Infection

Study the Efficacy of Topical Antibiotherapy in the Prophylaxis of Incisional Surgical Infection in Colorectal Surgery

PROTOP
Start date: October 20, 2020
Phase: Phase 4
Study type: Interventional

The main objective is to study the efficacy of topical antibiotic therapy with Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid in the prevention of surgical wound infection in patients undergoing to colorectal surgery

NCT ID: NCT03087890 Completed - HIV-1-infection Clinical Trials

Impact of Cotrimoxazole Use in Immunocompetent HIV Patients on Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria

CoTrimResist
Start date: March 30, 2017
Phase: Phase 4
Study type: Interventional

Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) is recommended for prevention of morbidity and mortality due to Pneumocystis pneumonia and other infections in HIV positive patients with low immunity. Common clinical practice is to start CPT in any patient with CD4 counts below 200/µL, and, conversely, to stop CPT when immunity has been restored by antiretroviral treatment to CD4 counts above 200/µL or when viral suppression has been documented for 3 months. However, the latest WHO guidelines widely expands the indication for CPT by advocating for settings with high prevalence of malaria and bacterial infections, that all patients with HIV start CPT regardless of CD4 counts and clinical stage. Furthermore, WHO recommends these patients to continue CPT indefinitely regardless of evidence of immune restoration (The recommendation is for settings with high prevalence of malaria and bacterial infections, not for high-income countries). There is limited scientific evidence to recommend prolonged CPT, as studies have shown it is associated with modestly reduced morbidity due to pneumonia, meningitis and malaria, but no corresponding reduction in mortality. The impact of such a large increase in antibiotic use on the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has not been thoroughly considered. Our previous studies in Tanzania showed that multidrug-resistant bacteria frequently cause bloodstream infections with resultant very high case-fatality rates. As genes encoding for multiple antibiotic resistance traits are transferred by plasmids together with resistance towards cotrimoxazole, prolonged CPT will likely favor the selection of carriage of multidrug-resistant gut bacteria. The proposed randomized clinical trial is designed to assess whether prolonged CPT in HIV-positive patients results in increased fecal carriage of multi-drug resistant gut microbes or increased nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Secondary endpoints are morbidity (clinical events, hospitalizations) and mortality. Stool specimens, nasal swabs and clinical data will be collected from persons attending voluntary counseling and testing facilities and HIV-clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The study results may have important impact on public health in terms of assisting development of rational recommendations for CPT use, and may help prevent emerging antibiotic resistance.

NCT ID: NCT00097396 Completed - Preventive Therapy Clinical Trials

Safety, Tolerability & Immunogenicity of the Recombinant Plague Vaccine rF1V

Start date: November 2004
Phase: Phase 1
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a two-dose schedule of the recombinant plague vaccine rF1V in healthy volunteers when given as an intramuscular (IM) injection at four ascending dose-levels. The purpose of the Cohort 4 Extension is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a third intramuscular (IM) dose of 160 ug rF1V in healthy volunteers who have previously been vaccinated with the same concentration of rF1V vaccine.