Prematurity Clinical Trial
Official title:
Assessment of Autonomic Maturation in Neonatal Period and Early Neural Development From a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort : the AuBE Study
The heart rate variability assessment of the sympathetic-parasympathetic balance is a strong
analytical tool in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) physiology, at each end of life.
In neonatology, it represents an important marker for understanding the breath and cardiac
dysfunction, incriminated in the pathophysiology of unexplained death syndrome and
apnea-bradycardia of prematurity.
If recent clinical studies conducted by our team highlight a close link between the
maturation degree of the ANS and gestational or postnatal age, with a substantial autonomic
dysfunction in preterm infants, no study to date has focused profile autonomic maturation in
the first two years of life, as that period for the infant is a vulnerability "window"
especially cardiopulmonary and neurological.
Psychomotor prognosis of newborns is more serious if prematurity is important and if
periventricular leukomalacia or cortical anatomical brain lesions are obvious. However, the
conventional imaging (Trans fontanel ultrasound, CT, MRI) is not sufficient in the neonatal
period to thoroughly evaluate the neurological risk situations. During the neonatal period,
the assessment of autonomic control, in practice easily quantifiable from time and
frequency-domain analysis of cardiac RR variability, could be a strong marker, at a given
time, from a neurological disorder undetectable by imaging, including sympathetic and
parasympathetic nerve conduction dysfunction in some brainstem nuclei and cortical areas.
The postnatal profile of the autonomic balance, as a marker of well ANS regulation could
become an additional support to correlate transient or permanent autonomic deficit with a
psychomotor development disorder at 2 years of age or later. This tool could be a help to
target the children with a neurological risk and to schedule early therapeutic interventions
and psychological or educational support.
To meet this objective, we propose to describe for the first time in a cohort of newborns,
the cardiac autonomic maturation profile in the first two years of life and the neurological
evolution at 2 years.
Main objective.
- Describe the pattern, i.e. the cardiac autonomic maturation during the first two years
of life in a cohort of newborns.
Secondary objectives.
- Correlate in this cohort, the autonomous status at birth to the neurological
psychomotor status at 2 years.
- Describe the autonomic pattern (evolution profile) during the first two years of life.
- According to specific criteria of pregnancy (maternal smoking, maternal hypertension
and gestational age)
- According to data of morphometry (stature and weight development) at birth.
- According to the neonatal morbidity criteria: - bronchopulmonary dysplasia i.e. oxygen
dependence at 36 weeks postnatal age, persistent ductus arterious, intra ventricular
haemorrhage according to the Papille classification, periventricular leukomalacia,
enterocolitis, nosocomial sepsis.
- According to the incidence of serious faintness and rhythmic disorders the two first
years of life.
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Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Prospective
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