View clinical trials related to Preleukemia.
Filter by:RATIONALE: Giving chemotherapy, such as fludarabine and busulfan, before a donor peripheral stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cancer or abnormal cells. It also helps stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When the healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient they may help the patient's bone marrow make stem cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving a monoclonal antibody, alemtuzumab, before the transplant and tacrolimus after the transplant may stop this from happening. PURPOSE: The phase I portion of this trial identified the maximum tolerated dose of busulfan after treating 40 patients on a dose-escalation scheme. We are now treating an additional 26 patients on the phase II portion of the trial at a PK-directed dose of total AUC 6912 uM-min/24 hours. We transitioned to the Phase II portion of the study in October 2009.
The purpose of this study is - To evaluate the efficacy of association of Erythropoetin (Neorecormon) and ATRA in patients with low risk myelodysplastic syndromes - To evaluate the tolerance of this treatment
This study is mainly assessing the safety of Revlimid in combination with Ancestim (recombinant human stem cell factor) in patients with symptomatic myelodysplasia. Of those two compounds, Revlimid has been shown to be an active drug in myelodysplasia. Clinical responses will also be assessed.
This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of vorinostat and azacitidine and to see how well they work in treating patients with myelodysplastic syndromes or acute myeloid leukemia. Vorinostat may stop the growth of cancer or abnormal cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as azacitidine, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer or abnormal cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving vorinostat together with azacitidine may kill more cancer or abnormal cells.
Bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS) are rare disorders characterized by dysfunctional hematopoietic stem cells, which give rise to all red and white blood cells. The deficiency of blood cells, or cytopenia, caused by this malfunction leads to an assortment of diseases and disorders, all of which are characterized as BMFS. Because these diseases are rare, conducting research on them is difficult, and standards of treatment for most BMFS have yet to be developed. This study will collect clinical and laboratory data from people with BMFS to identify the characteristics and biological markers associated with these diseases over time. This information will assist doctors and researchers to develop better therapies and diagnostic tests that will help improve the management of BMFS and cytopenias.
This randomized phase II trial studies azacitidine with or without entinostat to see how well they work compared to azacitidine alone in treating patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, or acute myeloid leukemia. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as azacitidine, work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Entinostat may stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving azacitidine together with entinostat may work better in treating patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, or acute myeloid leukemia.
RATIONALE: Giving low doses of chemotherapy before a donor stem cell transplant using stem cells that closely match the patient's stem cells, helps stop the growth of cancer cells. It also stops the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. The donated stem cells may replace the patient's immune system and help destroy any remaining cancer cells (graft-versus-tumor effect). Giving an infusion of the donor's T cells (donor lymphocyte infusion) after the transplant may help increase this effect. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can also make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving antithymocyte globulin before transplant and cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil after transplant may stop this from happening. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying how well a donor stem cell transplant works in treating patients with hematologic cancer, metastatic kidney cancer, or aplastic anemia.
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are acquired clonal disorders of the bone marrow. The clinical consequences of MDS are bone marrow failure and a predisposition to develop acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Patients with 'low risk MDS' have less than 10% myeloblasts in the marrow and include the World Health Organization (WHO) subtypes refractory anaemia (RA), refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) and refractory anaemia with excess blasts-I (RAEB-I). This group of patients has a relatively low risk of leukaemic transformation and the major clinical problem is the manifestation of bone marrow failure. Up to 80% of these patients become red cell transfusion dependent. To date, the only curative therapy is allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Unfortunately, a median age at diagnosis of > 65 years excludes this type of therapy for most patients with MDS. The aim of treatment is, therefore, supportive therapy. Long term red cell transfusion therapy carries the problems of acute transfusion reactions: iron overload, alloantibody formation, poor venous access and the risk of transfusion transmitted infection. With time, such patients require increasing frequency of transfusion and obtain decreased length of benefit from transfusion. The quality of life of such patients is significantly reduced. Alternative therapies, therefore, aimed at promoting more effective haemopoiesis and reducing the need for red cell transfusion may improve quality of life, reduce the use of expensive resources such as red cells and iron chelation, and perhaps enhance survival. Combined darbepoetin alfa (Aranesp) plus G-CSF (Neupogen; filgrastim) in low risk MDS is better than best supportive care, with respect to haemoglobin and quality of life. The study will assess: - the costs of this approach - long-term outcomes - clinical/laboratory parameters allowing early cessation of therapy in patients destined not to respond
Recent studies of conventional chemotherapy for infants with high-risk hematologic malignancies show that the long-term disease-free survival is low. Although blood and marrow stem cell transplantation using an HLA identical sibling has improved the outcome for these children, less than 25% have this donor source available. Another option is haploidentical transplantation using a partially matched family member donor (i.e. parental donor). Although haploidentical transplantation has proven curative for some patients, this procedure has been hindered by significant complications, primarily regimen-related toxicity including infection and graft versus host disease (GVHD). Building on prior institutional trials, this study will provide patients a haploidentical graft depleted of T lymphocytes using the investigational device, CliniMACS selection system. One week after the transplant procedure, patients will also receive an infusion of additional donor derived white blood cells called Natural Killer (NK) cells in an effort to decrease risks for rejection of the graft, disease relapse, and regimen related toxicity. The primary objective of the study is to evaluate 1 year survival in infants with high risk hematologic malignancies who receive this study treatment.
This phase II trial is studying the side effects and best dose of alemtuzumab when given together with fludarabine phosphate and total-body irradiation followed by cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil in treating patients who are undergoing a donor stem cell transplant for hematologic cancer. Giving low doses of chemotherapy, such as fludarabine phosphate, a monoclonal antibody, such as alemtuzumab, and radiation therapy before a donor stem cell transplant helps stop the growth of cancer cells. Giving chemotherapy or radiation therapy before or after transplant also stops the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's bone marrow stem cells. The donated stem cells may replace the patient's immune cells and help destroy any remaining cancer cells (graft-versus-tumor effect). Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can also make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil after the transplant may stop this from happening.