View clinical trials related to Predisposition, Genetic.
Filter by:The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the possible benefits and harms of screening with an investigational blood test designed to detect many types of cancer early. The name of the screening blood test being studied is: -GRAIL Galleri test
The participants are being asked to take part in this research study because the participant is a child who has been diagnosed with cancer and has completed genetic testing to find out if the participant has a variant in a gene that may predispose the participant to cancer, and/or the participants are the parents (i.e., guardian/caregiver) of this child. This research is being done to understand how finding out the results of genetic testing during childhood impacts the participant and family. The investigator will compare the emotions and behavior of parents and children based on the genetic testing results. Primary Objective - Examine the impact of genetic testing result disclosure for a pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP) germline variant in a known cancer predisposing gene versus negative results on parent adjustment (i.e., emotional functioning, cancer worry, symptom interpretation, and genetic testing related worry/distress). - Examine the impact of genetic testing result disclosure for a P/LP germline variant versus negative results on parenting (i.e., responses to children's symptoms, overprotectiveness, parent-child communication, cohesion, and expressivity in the family). Exploratory Objectives - Examine the impact of genetic testing result disclosure (P/LP versus negative results) on child adjustment (i.e. emotional functioning, cancer worry, self-perception, and life meaning and purpose). - Examine the impact of disclosing a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) on parent adjustment, parenting, and child adjustment. - Examine the indirect association between genetic testing result disclosure (P/LP versus negative results) and child adjustment through parental adjustment and parenting behavior. - Qualitatively identify children and parents' perspectives of how disclosure of a cancer predisposition has affected children's emotional, social, personal, and familial functioning.
This prospective and retrospective registry will evaluate the clinical effectiveness of Germline Genetic, Genomic, and other Biomarker testing results over time in different clinical populations, in order to shape guidelines for testing, patient management, and precision therapy.
This study will assess the hereditary component of pancreatic cancer in the largest series of patients up to date through the parallel analysis of 62 cancer-associated genes. The investigators will obtain germline DNA from blood samples that have been collected from 2000 to 2019 from patients with pancreatic cancer. The investigators plan to analyze germline DNA for mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that have been previously linked to a predisposition towards cancer. The outcome can provide useful insight on the overall understanding of pancreatic pathogenesis while possible associations with age of diagnosis, tumor stage and other cancer types might arise. In addition to that, it can lead to the characterization of new variants or even new genes that predispose to pancreatic cancer. Confirmed deleterious mutations in established cancer genes can provide valuable clinical information that can lead to effective, individualized patient management. Furthermore, family relatives of the individuals found to carry mutations can also benefit from established screening protocols for various cancer types, such as frequent colonoscopies in the case of an MMR mutation predisposing for Lynch syndrome, or preventative surgeries in the case of a deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. In addition to that, specific therapies that have been previously shown to be effective in breast or ovarian cancer patients with BRCA1 & BRCA2 mutations, such as platinum-based chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors can be also effective in mutations carriers with pancreatic cancer.
Other than high-dose radiation and previous chemotherapy, few strong risk factors have been identified as causes of childhood cancer. Geneticists estimate that 5 to 10% of all cancers diagnosed during the paediatric period occur in children born with a genetic mutation, increasing their lifetime risk of neoplasia. Such genetic risk is higher in children with congenital anomalies and specific genetic syndromes. Some germline genetic alterations are well known (e.g. P53 protein (P53), Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1)), however many children with none of these mutations have clinical presentations that strongly suggest the involvement of a genetic predisposition. Comprehensive genetic testing for all such patients is an important factor for improving disease surveillance. Such opportunities are now available thanks to whole exome sequencing (WES). In oncology, an important clinical application of WES will be to routinely identify mutations associated with inherited cancer predispositions and to guide cancer risk-management decisions. Our project is a national translational multicenter genetics study aimed at identifying genes involved in paediatric cancer predisposition by WES in a very select population of children with both developmental delay and cancer. Our project relies on the TED register (Tumeur Et Développement), an initiative by the French organisation SFCE (Société Française de lutte contre les Cancers et les leucémies de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent) involving 30 child cancer units in France. This database includes the information of more than 500 paediatric cancer patients with congenital abnormalities. The investigators plan to sequence the germline and tumour exome of 100 patients with developmental delay in a trio-design consisting of 300 people and 100 tumours. The investigators believe that the ExoCaRe project will provide answers to the genetic origins of certain particular childhood cancers. The ExoCaRe project relies on a genetic study to identify genetic risk factors for rare forms of childhood cancer and aims to establish more personalised treatment. It is aimed at improving genetic counselling for families and will be fully integrated in the genetic counselling process. The information provided by our study will be used to improve the management approach to an initial cancer by clarifying the risks of other cancers in related families. The investigators hope to identify new germline genes predisposing to cancer that will be of interest in understanding tumour biology.