Postprandial Period Clinical Trial
Official title:
Effect of Drinks Containing Fruit Polyphenol Extracts and Fibre on Postprandial Glycaemia. The Glu-MIX Study
Postprandial glycaemia refers to the transient rise in blood glucose levels that occurs after
consuming a meal. Large fluctuations in blood glucose levels, experienced on a frequent
basis, may impair the functioning of pancreatic beta cells, and thus elevate the risk of
developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Our group has
previously shown that consuming a drink containing fruit polyphenols immediately before a
meal, may reduce postprandial glycaemia. Importantly, other fruit components, namely soluble
fibres, also impact on carbohydrate digestion by slowing gastric emptying rates. Combining
fruit polyphenols and fibre in a drink may, potentially, have additive or synergistic effects
on reducing postprandial glycaemia.
This study will investigate the effects of drinks containing blackcurrant polyphenol extract
combined with pulp (source of fibre), and pulp alone, on postprandial outcomes and cognitive
function following a mixed carbohydrate (starch and sucrose) test meal.
Intake of carbohydrate-rich foods transiently increases blood glucose levels (known as
postprandial glycaemia). Repeated, high, postprandial glucose responses are evidenced to
impair pancreatic beta cell function, thus increasing the risk of developing type-2 diabetes
mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, meals that elicit a reduced, or more gradual,
rise in blood glucose levels are desirable.
Previous studies have shown that consuming a drink containing fruit polyphenols, such as
those from blackcurrants (BC), immediately before a high carbohydrate meal, reduced the
postprandial glycaemic response. Importantly, other fruit components, namely soluble fibres,
also impact on carbohydrate digestion by slowing gastric emptying rates. It is not yet known
the effect of combining fibre and polyphenols on postprandial glycaemia. Although limited,
there is a growing body of evidence showing beneficial acute effects of polyphenols in
cognitive function which is of great interest in many work and academic environments where
fast cognitive enhancement is wanted to perform a task or an exam.
This study will investigate the effects of drinks containing BC polyphenol extract combined
with pulp (source of fibre), and pulp alone, on postprandial outcomes and cognitive function
following a mixed carbohydrate (starch and sucrose) test meal.
Study design: A randomised, controlled, double-blind, cross-over study, of the healthy adult
UK population, will be conducted. All subjects will receive the placebo drink, pulp only
drink and the pulp with polyphenol drink in a random order. Baseline (fasted) blood samples
will be taken before consuming the test drink (T0 min). Immediately following consumption of
the drink, a mixed carbohydrate test meal will be consumed. Further blood samples will be
collected at regular times until T150 min. Blood samples will be analysed for plasma glucose,
insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and C-peptide. Subjects will also
perform a 30 min computer based cognitive performance test at baseline (T-45 min) and
endpoint (T165 min). Visual analogue scales will be used to assess the effect of the test
drinks on a range of sensory characteristics e.g. palatability, satiety and subjective mood
feelings. Finally, an ad libitum pasta meal at the end of the study visit (T 215 min) will be
used to assess the effects on energy intake.
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