View clinical trials related to Postprandial Period.
Filter by:The differences observed in host gut microbiome communities between health and disease states, and between different dietary patterns, has led to an increase in the use of dietary modulations to influence microbiome composition, both in research and in commercial contexts. Two particular groups of gut-active compounds include prebiotics (providing a direct source of nutrition that can stimulate host-beneficial microbiota as they are indigestible to the host) and probiotics (providing a direct source of live microorganisms that may potentially colonise the gut after reaching the large intestine, thus altering gut microbiome dynamics). Using a randomised controlled parallel trial design, the ZOE BIOME Study aims to investigate the efficacy of prebiotic and probiotic compounds in improving health outcomes including gut microbiome composition, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cardiometabolic markers of lipaemic, glycaemic and inflammatory status in a remote setting. Further, consumption of high fibre supplements or food ingredients in combination with high carbohydrate meals has been shown to decrease the postprandial glycaemic response. To investigate the acute metabolic effects of prebiotic compounds , a randomised controlled crossover design postprandial study will be conducted. The ZOE BIOME Postprandial Study aims to investigate the efficacy of prebiotic compounds in improving acute postprandial glycaemic response, subjective feelings of hunger, satiety, mood, and subsequent eating behaviours.
This study aims to describe the dynamic changes in nutritional biomarkers in the blood during the postprandial period, i.e. the time period from the last meal and into the fasting state. In total 36 healthy, young men and women will be recruited in Bergen, Norway, and after receiving a standardized breakfast meal they will consume only water for the next 24 hours.
Pulses have a high fibre content, contribute to lowering fasting blood cholesterol levels and improving glycaemic control, and have shown also considerable promise in supporting the dietary management of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. It is now established that cellular integrity (maintenance of cell wall structure) is a key factor responsible for the low glycaemic index (GI) of pulses. The maintenance of the cell wall structure restricts starch digestion and therefore glucose production in the gut. Thus, cell damage results in a loss of such properties and also the potential health benefits to consumers. This knowledge has presented an opportunity to exploit alternative processing techniques for the manufacture of pulse-based ingredients. We have successfully created a dry powder consisting predominantly of intact cells which still retains low digestibility (>60% resistant starch). This chickpea powder (CPP) was found to be stable under long-term storage, has a neutral taste and aroma, and showed promise as a low GI 'flour-substitute'. This study will investigate blood sugar, insulin and gut hormone levels (post-prandial glycaemic, insulinaemic and hormone responses) following the consumption of CPP consumed at breakfast, as a drink and incorporated into a food matrix (bread).
Postprandial glycaemia refers to the transient rise in blood glucose levels that occurs after consuming a meal. Large fluctuations in blood glucose levels, experienced on a frequent basis, may impair the functioning of pancreatic beta cells, and thus elevate the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease. Our group has previously shown that consuming a drink containing fruit polyphenols immediately before a meal, may reduce postprandial glycaemia. Importantly, other fruit components, namely soluble fibres, also impact on carbohydrate digestion by slowing gastric emptying rates. Combining fruit polyphenols and fibre in a drink may, potentially, have additive or synergistic effects on reducing postprandial glycaemia. This study will investigate the effects of drinks containing blackcurrant polyphenol extract combined with pulp (source of fibre), and pulp alone, on postprandial outcomes and cognitive function following a mixed carbohydrate (starch and sucrose) test meal.
Large postprandial glucose responses are associated with increased risk of chronic diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Our group have previously shown that fruit polyphenol extracts, when consumed immediately before a mixed carbohydrate meal, reduce postprandial glycaemia. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a blackcurrant polyphenol extract and citrus polyphenol extract (and their combination), on postprandial glycaemia, insulinaemia and gastrointestinal hormone concentrations following a mixed carbohydrate test meal. It is hypothesised that blackcurrant and citrus extracts alone will inhibit glycaemia compared to placebo, and a combination of the two will have a greater effect.
Many types of cardiovascular disease begin when the layer of cells lining blood vessels (endothelial cells) start to function abnormally. This causes white blood cells (monocytes) to enter the blood vessel wall and eventually form lesions. Fats from foods we consume are carried in the blood for 3-8 hours after a fatty meal in small particles known as chylomicrons (CM) and chylomicron remnants (CMR). The overall aim of this project is to investigate the idea that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) protect against heart disease by modifying the effect of CMR on endothelial cells and monocytes. We hypothesize that n3-PUFA carried in CMR reduce detrimental events which promote blood vessel damage and activate protective mechanisms to improve the function of arteries.