Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Other |
Neonatal growth velocity |
Continuous variable. Measure/Tool: Sex-specific Fenton growth charts. Calculate change in Z-score divided by number of days in the NICU. Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Other |
Adverse events and errors |
Include the rates of harmful errors, non-harmful errors, and overall errors (harmful errors plus non-harmful errors). Obtained via review of data from electronic health record, incident report system, and solicited reports. Two neonatologists, blinded to the study arm, will independently categorize each event as a harmful error (preventable adverse event), non-harmful error, non-preventable adverse event, or exclusion. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Other |
30-day revisit |
Defined as post-discharge revisits to any emergency department. Obtained from electronic health record and parent-reported survey. |
Day 30 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Other |
30-day readmission |
Defined as post-discharge unplanned readmissions to any hospital. Obtained from electronic health record and parent-reported survey. |
Day 30 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Other |
Temperature instability |
Dichotomous variable defined as any occurrence of a temperature below 36 degrees C during the NICU hospitalization. Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Other |
Central line-associated bloodstream infection |
Dichotomous variable defined as any occurrence during the NICU hospitalization of a laboratory-confirmed bacterial or viral bloodstream infection that develops with a central line in place and is not related to an infection at another site. Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Other |
Central line days |
Number of days among the total number of NICU days that the infant has an umbilical catheter or one or more central lines in place. Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Other |
Antibiotic days |
Number of days among the total number of NICU days that the infant receives intramuscular or intravascular antibacterial or antifungal agents. Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Primary |
Parent FCR attendance |
Defined at the family unit level, accounting for the possibility of multiple enrolled infants per family and variable lengths of stay for each infant. The investigators will compute the total number of possible weekday FCR encounters per family (the 'denominator') and the number of those for which at least one parent was present virtually or in-person (the 'numerator'). Obtained from FCR weekday observations. |
Length of neonatal intensive care unit [NICU] stay (assessed up to 396 days) |
|
Secondary |
Parent experience |
Unit of measure: mean score; Measure/Tool: Emergency Department CAHPS (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) (parent survey, 2 items measuring overall experience). |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Secondary |
Family-Centered Care |
Unit of measure: mean score; Measure/Tool: Family-Centered Care Experience (FACCE) (parent survey) |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Secondary |
Parent Activation |
Unit of measure: mean score; Measure/Tool: Parent-Patient Activation Measure (P-PAM) (parent survey) |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Secondary |
Parent health-related quality of life |
Unit of measure: mean score. Measure/Tool: PedsQL Family Impact Module (parent survey) |
Day 0/30/60/90 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Secondary |
NICU length of stay |
Unit of measure: days in NICU. Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Secondary |
Breastmilk feeding |
Dichotomous outcomes. Include (a) breastmilk feeding initiation, (b) any breastmilk feeding at the time of discharge from the NICU (and 90 days later), and (c) exclusive breastmilk feeding at the time of discharge from the NICU (and 90 days later). Breastmilk feeding includes consuming milk from the birth parent via any delivery method (e.g., bottle, feeding tube, breast). Any breastmilk feeding will be defined as the infant consuming any amount of milk from the birth parent, with or without the addition of formula or fortifier. Exclusive breastmilk feeding will be defined as 100% of base feeding type as milk from the birth parent, with or without a bovine or human fortifier. Obtained from electronic health record (0 days) and parent survey (90 days). |
Day 0/90 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Secondary |
Postnatal growth failure (dichotomous) |
Measure/Tool: Sex-specific Fenton growth charts. This dichotomous outcome will define growth failure as a weight-for-gestational-age Z-score decline of more than 0.8 standard deviations (SD) from birth to discharge. Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|
Secondary |
Postnatal growth failure (categorical) |
Measure/Tool: Sex-specific Fenton growth charts. This categorical outcome will classify the degree of growth failure as none (no decline or a decline =0.8 SD), mild (>0.8 and =1.2 SD), moderate (>1.2 and =2 SD), or severe (>2 SD). Obtained from electronic health record. |
Day 0 (post-NICU discharge) |
|