Orthodontics Clinical Trial
Official title:
Evaluation of the Contamination of Elastomeric Ligatures
This crossover, in-vivo study was carried out with 10 patients who have been started to be treated at Orthodontics Department. 3 elastomeric ligatures were examined in terms of microbiological and surface roughness.
The development of dental plaque has been associated with several environmental and
individual factors including diet composition, oral hygiene, the quality of saliva, the
composition of the oral microflora and immune factors. Orthodontic fixed appliances also
impede the maintenance of oral hygiene. Plaque accumulation surrounding orthodontic
appliances leads to enamel demineralization caused by organic acids produced by bacteria in
the dental plaque.
In patients with fixed orthodontic treatment, common pathological changes are gingivitis,
bleeding and gingival growth; thus, gingival index and plaque index parameters have been used
as indicators of periodontal disease in many studies. Enamel demineralization which results
in white spot formation is observed due to the increase in the number and volume of
acid-producing bacteria, and the decrease in pH level because of the glucose metabolized by
these cariogenic bacteria . The most commonly investigated bacteria among those mentioned
above is Streptococcus Mutans. In the literature, it has been the subject of many studies,
including those investigating the correlation between the S. mutans count and the amount of
adhesive left between brackets and the enamel, adhesion of S. mutans to nickel titanium and
copper-nickel brackets, the difference in S. mutans colonization between self-ligation system
and normal brackets, and the effect of elastomeric rings and ligature wires on S. mutans
colonization.
Non-conventional elastomeric ligatures were produced in order to reduce the friction of
orthodontic sliding mechanics. Manufacturers claim that non-conventional elastomeric
ligatures reduced ligation friction by 60% compared to conventional modules. It was reported
in another study that brackets combined via non-conventional elastomeric ligatures resulted
in a reduced friction force compared to conventional elastomeric ligatures in any wires from
14-inch NITI to 19.25 SS.
To our current knowledge, bacterial colonization on non-conventional elastomeric ligatures
was investigated in one study only, using microbial culture technique. In light of this
information, present study was aimed to compare S. mutans colonization among different
commercial types of non-conventional ligatures and ligature wires. The surface structures of
these ligature types also will be investigated by atomic force microscope (AFM) and the
results of this investigation will be associated with the results of bacterial colonization
amount.
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