View clinical trials related to Opioid Dependence.
Filter by:The primary objective of this study is to assess lofexidine related effects on QTc (an interval of the heart rhythm) in subjects receiving buprenorphine maintenance. The secondary objectives of the study are to evaluate the safety and tolerability of lofexidine by evaluating and monitoring pharmacokinetics (amounts of drug in the blood), vital signs (heart rate and blood pressure) and adverse events (side effects) when co-administered with buprenorphine; to describe effects on opiate withdrawal when lofexidine is introduced following a 50% buprenorphine dose reduction, as required to elicit a withdrawal response; and to evaluate QTc interaction effects of lofexidine compared with placebo. The Investigators hypothesize that while lofexidine is known to prolong the QTc interval, the combination of the drugs will not create an additive effect which creates a significant safety concern. The Investigators further hypothesize that subjects will be able to tolerate the therapeutic dose of lofexidine (0.8 mg four times daily) when the buprenorphine maintenance dose is lowered to elicit withdrawal.
The main goal of this study is to pilot test the community-based buprenorphine treatment (CBBT) intervention, examining buprenorphine treatment initiation, opioid use, and HIV risk behaviors. Two groups of participants will be followed for 60 days, with 3 research visits. One group will be enrolled prior to the CBBT intervention (pre-intervention), and one group after the CBBT intervention (post-intervention). Data sources will include questionnaires, urine toxicology tests, and medical record data. Investigators hypothesize that compared to the participants in the pre-intervention group, participants in the post-intervention group will be more likely to initiate buprenorphine treatment, reduce opioid use, and reduce high-risk HIV risk behaviors.
To conduct a randomized clinical trial (RCT) of a community-friendly behavioral intervention designed to reduce HIV risk behavior among injection drug users (IDUs) in drug treatment by comparing risk-behavior outcomes of four weekly intervention sessions with a time-and-attention-matched control condition.
Opioid drugs increase glial cell activation which may be related to the abuse liability of opioid drugs. Data supporting this hypothesis have demonstrated that glial cell attenuators decrease the positive rewarding aspect of opioids in laboratory animals. Ibudilast (MN-166, formerly AV411) is a compound that inhibits the activation of glia. Recent preclinical studies demonstrate that while ibudilast increases the analgesic effects of opioids, it decreases the rewarding effects of such drugs. It has also been shown that ibudilast suppresses morphine-induced release of dopamine, a primary neurotransmitter involved in the rewarding and reinforcing effects of abused drugs. Additionally, we recently found that ibudilast decreases subjective symptoms of opioid withdrawal in opioid dependent humans during detoxification. Therefore, the primary aim of this 6-7 week inpatient study is to investigate the ability of MN-166 to dose-dependently alter the reinforcing, analgesic, subjective, performance, and physiological effects of oxycodone, a commonly abused prescription opioid. This study includes a 10-day morphine taper phase, followed by two study phases (approximately 18 days each) with daily active ibudilast and placebo administration, respectively. After the detoxification phase, participants are randomized to receive placebo or MN-166, and then be stabilized on the medication. Thereafter, participants will complete laboratory sessions. Subsequently, during Phase 2, participants will cross over to the other treatment arm, stabilize, and complete laboratory sessions.
The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on social cognition in patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT), examine the effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on opioid craving and on the subjective effects of methadone, and examine the effects of intranasal oxytocin administration on implicit preferences for drug-related and social stimuli in patients receiving MMT. Hypothesis 1: Patients will perform better on measures of social cognition (including affect recognition and recognition of sarcasm) after administration of oxytocin compared with placebo. Hypothesis 2: Patients will demonstrate lower craving for opioids and greater subjective effects of methadone after administration of oxytocin compared with placebo. Hypothesis 3: Patients will demonstrate increased implicit preferences for social stimuli and decreased implicit preferences for drug related stimuli after administration of oxytocin compared with placebo.
Only limited information on the process of completing long-term opiate substitution treatment (OST) with substances like methadone exist. Furthermore, systematic knowledge from scientific studies is scarce, there are only few studies with respect to treatment completion or regular termination (mainly catamnestic analyses). Studies by Nordt et al. (2004) or Nordt & Stohler (2006) show an estimated rate of 10% of patients per year who terminate OST by means of tapering the substitution agent or changing into withdrawal treatment in specialized clinics. It is state of the art that an indication for termination of OST has to be based on a common agreement between the patient and the doctor. Furthermore, the patient should live in a stable social situation and the state of health had markedly improved. Finally, the patient has to be free of (illegal) drug use for at least 6 months and the individual aims of treatment should have been reached (Vader et al. 2003). The main objective of the prospective and explorative study is the systematic description of the process of termination of OST. With a comparison between patients who complete OST regularly and patients who terminate treatment prematurely (or are still in treatment) predictors of positive termination of OST can be identified. Patients treated with methadone or levomethadone of 5 general practitioners' practices and 2 specialized clinics who might be able to terminate OST during the next 12 months from the doctors' perspective can take part in the study. In addition to baseline examination further assessments take place every 3 months (i.e. after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months). The questionnaires include state of health, well-being, social situation as well as drug and alcohol use. Furthermore, the treating doctors are asked every 3 months to fill out questionnaires on infections and other disorders, clinical characteristics, dosage process and drug use (measured by urine samples). Patients who will be successful in completing OST during the observational period will be compared with the remaining cases. Finally, a 6-month follow-up is planned in order to investigate the stability and maintenance of the situation at month 12.
To investigate the effects of cortisol on heroin craving and stress reaction in heroin addicted subjects Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, single administration of study medication Study hypothesis:Cortisol has an inhibiting effect on heroin craving and stress reactivity in opioid dependent subjects.
Persons dependent on opioids like heroin, morphine, or codeine have a high risk of relapse, overdose and overdose death. This risk is elevated even further following discharge from treatment or correctional institutions where patients have been detoxified. At the moment, state-of-the-art treatment is based on maintaining the dependence on opioids by daily intake of opioid medications like methadone or buprenorphine. Recently, a medication containing the blocking agent naltrexone was approved in the US; this does not maintain dependence but instead blocks heroin and other opioids for 28 days after intramuscular administration. This study will conduct a 12-week randomized comparison of naltrexone intramuscular suspension (XL-NTX) with daily buprenorphine-naloxone in OMT. Medication will start preceding discharge from a treatment or correctional facility to participating catchment regions in Norway. The main hypotheses are that XL-NTX will do equally well as - or better than - OMT on the proportion of biological samples negative for opioids, retention, self-reported use of alcohol and illicit drugs. Following the 12-week randomized period, there will be a 36-week period where participants can receive the study medication of their choice. After the end of the study, data from national registry databases can be collected for a further 12 months on outcomes such as recidivism, mortality and morbidity.
This is a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study in opioid dependent subjects. Subjects meeting entry criteria will be treated with multiple doses of B-BNX or B-Placebo, with non-responders rescued within 6 hours. Open treatment B-BNX will be administered as follow-up therapy. Clinical efficacy assessments include the clinical opioid withdrawal scale (COWS), subject-rated assessments, and a urine drug screen.
This is an open label study in opioid dependent subjects maintained on a stabilized dose of Suboxone tablets or films. The purpose is to assess the safety and tolerability of BEMA Buprenorphine NX administered once daily for 12 weeks to opioid dependent subjects stabilized on Suboxone (buprenorphine/naloxone) tablets or films. Eligible subjects will be converted to an approximately equal dose of BEMA Buprenorphine NX. This dose will be taken throughout the 12-week treatment period with dose adjustments as clinically indicated for either the control of opioid dependence or adverse events (AEs).