View clinical trials related to Obstructive Airway Disease.
Filter by:The definition of obstructive airway disease is a ratio of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to the forced vital capacity (FVC) of less than 0.7, which includes conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. For example, lung obstruction adversely affects many aspects of a patient's health, such as lung function and exercise capacity. Pulmonary rehabilitation is widely used in patients with obstructive airway disease, and the prescription of pulmonary rehabilitation depends on exercise capacity parameters such as peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), peak workload, and anaerobic threshold. However, patients often have difficulty achieving training goals due to severe dyspnea during exercise. Dynamic hyperinflation is a common cause of dyspnea during exercise in patients with obstructive airway disease. Investigators aim to alleviate breathlessness by reducing dynamic hyperinflation, making it easier to achieve training goals. Methods to reduce dynamic hyperinflation include pursed lip breathing, reducing breathing rate to prolong expiratory time, using bronchodilators, and undergoing lung volume reduction surgery. Among these methods, reducing breathing rate to prolong expiratory time may be the most feasible, and investigators aim to change the rhythm and pace of breathing by adjusting the pedal rate of cycling exercise. The pedaling rate is typically set at 60 revolutions per minute. The European Respiratory Society recommended a pedal rate range of 40-70 revolutions per minute in 2019. There is still no consensus on the relationship between pedal rate and respiratory rate. This prospective observational study, using a crossover design, aims to investigate the effects of pedal rate during exercise testing on dynamic hyperinflation and exercise capacity in patients with obstructive airway disease.
Particulate matter (PM) associated cardiorespiratory and vascular dysfunction (CaRVD) poses a significant global health burden. The World Trade Center (WTC) destruction on September 11, 2001 led to an intense deposition of particulate matter (WTC-PM) into aerodigestive system. WTC associated morbidities include respiratory, gastrointestinal, chronic rhinosinusitis, cancer, mental health concerns and more recently a focus has been on cardiovascular disease. This proposal will investigate the development of WTC-cardiorespiratory and vascular dysfunction (WTC-CaRVD) which is firmly within the purview of the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act. WTC-PM exposure causes heterogeneous obstructive airways disease (OAD) patterns, which include airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and loss of FEV1. Early diagnosis and therapeutic options are few, in part due to limited understanding of their pathogenesis. While pulmonary vascular changes are classically thought to occur due to the hypoxemia of late OAD, recent investigations show that vascular dysfunction occurs early in OAD. This vascular hypothesis of OAD postulates that pulmonary vasculature remodeling leads to loss of lung function. Early evidence of WTC-CaRVD includes increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors such as metabolic syndrome, elevated pulmonary artery/aorta ratio, and cardiovascular biomarkers (such as CRP). Murine models of WTC-PM exposure show inflammation, AHR both acutely and persistently and reflect what is seen in FDNY 1st responders. Airway and cardiac remodeling were also persistent features of WTC-PM exposure in the study team's murine models. Therefore, the study team will focus on Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a mediator of oxidative stress, known to stimulate collagen formation and is also induced after WTC-PM exposure. Furthermore, pathways and mechanisms of WTC-CaRVD warrant further study and are the focus of the 5-year proposal. The HYPOTHESIS is that WTC-PM exposure causes WTC-CaRVD mediated by HO-1. First responders with AHR will have features of WTC-CaRVD, and will demonstrate a unique biomarker profile compared to controls.
Management of complex airway stenoses with dedicated tailored stents wrought by 3D computer-assisted conception Dedicated Airway Stents for Central Airway Stenoses DASCAS Toulouse University Hospital is the sponsor of this research. This research will be conducted with the support of AnatomikModeling and ADERSPOT - Background: Tracheobronchial stent are devices designed to manage central airway stenoses of various origins. Their shape and sizes are however not suitable for stenosis of complex anatomy. - Purpose: The investigators propose to test the feasibility and safety of treating complex airway stenoses with dedicated tailored stents wrought by 3D computer-assisted conception Abstract: Central airway obstruction is currently managed with non-personalized stents, which are usually efficient but lead to severe and potentially lethal complications in 10% of cases (stent migration, obstructive granuloma, perforation, hemoptysis). These stents seem particularly unsuited for anatomically complex stenosis. Dedicated airway stents (wrought and tailored by 3D computer-assisted conception based on 3D chest CT-scan), by fitting perfectly tracheal or bronchial anatomy, should dramatically improve the tolerance and safety of such prostheses. This first feasibility study, dedicated to patients suffering from anatomically complex stenosis will test the safety of treating patients with these new approach. It should lead to larger studies evaluating these new types of stents in larger indications. After 3D computer-assisted modelization of airways, a virtual prosthesis and its shape are designed and the shape of the stent is wrought by 3D-machining by AnatomikModeling®. The stent is then build and sterilized by Sebbin® and inserted during rigid bronchoscopy on the same terms as pre-existing models. Close follow up is then conducted, including clinical evaluation after one week, three and six months; spirometry at one week and 6 months and chest CT-scan at one week.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of four interventional pulmonology techniques for the treatment of fibrotic central airway stricture. The four techniques areļ¼ - balloon dilation - balloon dilation plus cryotherapy - balloon dilation plus spiculiform electrosurgery - balloon dilation plus mitomycin C injection
The usual treatment for obstructive airway disease (OAD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) , which is related to graft versus host disease (GVHD), consists of intensification of systemic immunosuppressive therapy.