Trophic Nutrition in Patients Submitted to High Flow Oxygen Therapy and / or Non Invasive Mechanical Ventilation

Noninvasive Ventilation Clinical Trial

Official title:

Trophic Nutrition in Patients Submitted to High Flow Oxygen Therapy and / or Non Invasive

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03728452
• Other study ID #: 18/209-E
• Status: Completed
• Start date: January 1, 2019
• Est. completion date: February 1, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: May 2024
• Source: Hospital San Carlos, Madrid
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The decision about the initiation of enteral nutrition therapy in critically ill patients with oxygen therapy needs with HFC and / or NIMV is a matter of debate at present. Despite the benefits associated with this practice in critically ill patients, the scarcity of clinical studies in patients with sufficient methodological quality, as well as the absence of specific recommendations on enteral nutrition therapy in this type of patient, generates controversy in the professionals involved in critical patient care.

Description:

Ventilation and oxygenation of patients, even more in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), are in continuous development. The characteristics of patients, pathologies and diagnostic methods are constantly evolving. Among the main methods of ventilation and oxygenation that the investigators have are Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) with face mask and high-flow cannula (HFC).

NIMV has represented an alternative in patients with failure to extubate, as an option before proposing a new reintubation. The ventilation with high flow has supposed an advance in the oxygenation of patients in situation of respiratory insufficiency, avoiding the intubation, and also has been a resource that allows the disconnection of the mechanical ventilator, reducing with it the time of mechanical support of the ventilation, There is a great amount of bibliography and a broad consensus on this aspect. Among the side effects widely studied, include bronchoaspiration, gastric insufflation, aerophagia and sialorrhea, which are usually well controlled with medical treatment.

The high flow ventilation consists of increasing the gas mixture, by releasing high oxygen and air flows, approximately up to 60 l/min, in modifiable proportions, so that positive pressures are achieved in the airway, facilitating the entry of this gas in the lung under spontaneous ventilation, with better oxygenation figures than conventional oxygen therapy methods. This positive pressure increase could be a facilitator of digestive intolerance either by air swallowing and gastric distension, or by promoting incontinence of the esophageal sphincters and thereby facilitating regurgitation and bronchoaspiration of the gastric contents.

NIMV consists of a ventilatory support applied without placement of endotracheal or pharyngeal devices, achieving increased alveolar ventilation by applying positive pressures throughout the airway through an interface (acting on the pressure gradient of the airway, to maintain an adequate gas exchange, impossible to achieve with spontaneous physiological ventilation). This positive pressure increase, as in ventilation with HFC, could also be an element that promotes digestive intolerance.

Patients in respiratory failure have a high level of metabolic stress that leads to a hypercatabolic situation and can not feed themselves for days, thus increasing the risk of malnutrition or worsening pre-existing malnutrition. This situation, as well as the development of negative energy balances in the critically ill patient, is associated with several complications, thus increasing morbidity and mortality, hospital stay and costs. The nutritional risk that this situation determines is high, which is why artificial nutrition therapy is justified. This nutritional therapy in spontaneous ventilation is usually attempted to be supplemented by oral feeding, but in patients who require artificial supports to aid in ventilation and oxygenation, it is not so easy to receive and tolerate adequate levels of caloric and protein intake. Enteral nutrition through the gastric route is frequently the method chosen for artificial nutritional therapy in patients with nutritional risk. This is due the advantages that the maintenance of the digestive tract in functional state will determine in the health of the patient, since the lack of nutrients in the lumen of the intestine can trigger a loss of the anatomical and functional integrity of the intestinal epithelium, with a rupture of the intestinal barrier that can favor, through a pro-inflammatory immune response, the evolution towards the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 149
• Est. completion date: February 1, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: August 1, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Age = 18 years.

• Authorization to participate in the study through informed consent.

• Patient with need of oxygen therapy with HFC and / or NIMV

• NIMV or oxygen therapy time with HFC of at least 24 hours.

• Expected survival over 72 hours.

• Stay in ICU greater than or equal to 72 hours.

• EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Age <18 years.

• Denial of authorization to participate in the study.

• Patient who does not require oxygen therapy with HFC and / or NIMV

• Absolute contraindication for the onset of TN (active digestive hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, etc.) or patients with non-functioning gastrointestinal tract.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Noninvasive Ventilation
• Trophic Nutrition

Intervention

Procedure:
• Trophic Nutrition
According to previously published studies of Trophic Nutritions in critically ill patients, an energy goal of 20-30% estimated caloric needs of 20-30 kcal / kg and a protein intake of 1.2 to 2.0 g / kg / day of proteins will be established. at most 72 hours after the start of nutritional therapy. The rhythm of initiation and increase of enteral contributions will be at the discretion of each participating ICU. Prokinetic or parenteral nutrition (PN) complementary will not be used routinely, leaving its indication at the discretion of the responsible physician. A hyperproteic nutritional formula (10 g / 100 ml) will be used, with a caloric intake of 1.2 kcal / ml and a non-protein kcal / nitrogen ratio of 52: 1. TN will be administered over 23 hours each day by continuous infusion pump. The head of the patient's bed will rise above 30° as much as possible to reduce the risk of aspiration. The Gastric Residue Volume (GRV) will be measured every 24 hours.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Spain	Fundacion para Investigación Biomedica Hospital Clinico San Carlos	Madrid

Sponsors (20)

Lead Sponsor

Collaborator

Hospital San Carlos, Madrid

Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Hospital Barbastro, Hospital del Río Hortega, Hospital Miguel Servet, Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Hospital Universitario de Torrevieja, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Hospital Universitario Puerto Real, Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Hospital Virgen de la Concha

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Spain, 

References & Publications (21)

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Esteban A, Frutos-Vivar F, Muriel A, Ferguson ND, Penuelas O, Abraira V, Raymondos K, Rios F, Nin N, Apezteguia C, Violi DA, Thille AW, Brochard L, Gonzalez M, Villagomez AJ, Hurtado J, Davies AR, Du B, Maggiore SM, Pelosi P, Soto L, Tomicic V, D'Empaire G, Matamis D, Abroug F, Moreno RP, Soares MA, Arabi Y, Sandi F, Jibaja M, Amin P, Koh Y, Kuiper MA, Bulow HH, Zeggwagh AA, Anzueto A. Evolution of mortality over time in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013 Jul 15;188(2):220-30. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201212-2169OC. — View Citation

Frat JP, Thille AW, Mercat A, Girault C, Ragot S, Perbet S, Prat G, Boulain T, Morawiec E, Cottereau A, Devaquet J, Nseir S, Razazi K, Mira JP, Argaud L, Chakarian JC, Ricard JD, Wittebole X, Chevalier S, Herbland A, Fartoukh M, Constantin JM, Tonnelier JM, Pierrot M, Mathonnet A, Beduneau G, Deletage-Metreau C, Richard JC, Brochard L, Robert R; FLORALI Study Group; REVA Network. High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jun 4;372(23):2185-96. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1503326. Epub 2015 May 17. — View Citation

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Maggiore SM, Idone FA, Vaschetto R, Festa R, Cataldo A, Antonicelli F, Montini L, De Gaetano A, Navalesi P, Antonelli M. Nasal high-flow versus Venturi mask oxygen therapy after extubation. Effects on oxygenation, comfort, and clinical outcome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Aug 1;190(3):282-8. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201402-0364OC. — View Citation

McClave SA, Taylor BE, Martindale RG, Warren MM, Johnson DR, Braunschweig C, McCarthy MS, Davanos E, Rice TW, Cresci GA, Gervasio JM, Sacks GS, Roberts PR, Compher C; Society of Critical Care Medicine; American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (A.S.P.E.N.). JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2016 Feb;40(2):159-211. doi: 10.1177/0148607115621863. No abstract available. Erratum In: JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2016 Nov;40(8):1200. — View Citation

Mesejo A, Sanchez Alvarez C, Arboleda Sanchez JA; Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units-Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SEMICYUC-SENPE). [Guidelines for specialized nutritional and metabolic support in the critically ill-patient. Update. Consensus of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units-Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SEMICYUC-SENPE): obese patient]. Med Intensiva. 2011 Nov;35 Suppl 1:57-62. doi: 10.1016/S0210-5691(11)70012-2. Spanish. — View Citation

Montejo JC, Minambres E, Bordeje L, Mesejo A, Acosta J, Heras A, Ferre M, Fernandez-Ortega F, Vaquerizo CI, Manzanedo R. Gastric residual volume during enteral nutrition in ICU patients: the REGANE study. Intensive Care Med. 2010 Aug;36(8):1386-93. doi: 10.1007/s00134-010-1856-y. Epub 2010 Mar 16. — View Citation

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Rochwerg B, Brochard L, Elliott MW, Hess D, Hill NS, Nava S, Navalesi P Members Of The Steering Committee, Antonelli M, Brozek J, Conti G, Ferrer M, Guntupalli K, Jaber S, Keenan S, Mancebo J, Mehta S, Raoof S Members Of The Task Force. Official ERS/ATS clinical practice guidelines: noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure. Eur Respir J. 2017 Aug 31;50(2):1602426. doi: 10.1183/13993003.02426-2016. Print 2017 Aug. — View Citation

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* Note: There are 21 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Mortality	Numbers of patients death at 90 days	through study completion, an average of 2 year
Secondary	Adverse effects	Numbers of Regurgitation, Vomits, Distension of Bronchoaspiration	through study completion, an average of 2 year
Secondary	Infections	numbers of all infections	through study completion, an average of 2 year

External Links

•   Study ENVIN-HELICS. UCI infections