Use of Pharmacotherapy to Reduce Cue-responsiveness in Smokers

Status Completed

Clinical Trial Summary

In this study we, the investigators at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, intend to explore whether bupropion is able to reduce smokers' responses to cigarette-related environmental cues, and craving. Previous studies have indicated that bupropion may be able to achieve these outcomes. Therefore, we predict that smokers treated with bupropion for several weeks will show reduced reactivity to cigarette cues and craving.

Clinical Trial Description

Current smoking cessation pharmacotherapy paradigms ignore the over-learned behaviour associated with smoking, thus contributing to the relatively poor absolute efficacy of pharmacotherapy. Chronic nicotine use causes adaptive changes in the brain that differ from the acute effects leading to craving when smoking is stopped. This is a key element of relapse. Thus, the development of more effective treatments involves a better understanding of craving and relapse by exploring the interaction between the psychology and neurobiology of nicotine addiction. Bupropion, an amphetamine derivative, has demonstrated efficacy in smoking cessation in motivated smokers. Its' mechanism of action is unclear but may be mediated by extinction processes. We hypothesize that bupropion will reduce cue-responsiveness and subsequent cravings in current smokers who are not consciously attempting to quit or cut down on smoking. Fifty smokers (>10 cigarettes/day) of either sex will be recruited to take either oral placebo or bupropion 150 mg twice daily for a total of 42 days. Subjects will attend bi-weekly experimental sessions where cue-responsiveness will be measured using physiological and subjective responses to a variety of neutral and smoking-related cues. Subjective effects will be measured using the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges, the Tobacco Craving Questionnaire and Visual Analog Scales. Subjects will record smoking behaviour and subjective experiences daily in a smoking diary. Outcome variables include cue responsiveness, daily diary ratings, exhaled end tidal CO levels, plasma cotinine levels, and subjective effects. Gender effects will be assessed by using sex as a covariate in the analysis. This study will provide preliminary data on pharmacotherapy-assisted extinction as a novel approach to smoking cessation. ;

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Pharmacodynamics Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double-Blind

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

Clinical Trial Details

NCT number	NCT00133757
Study type	Interventional
Source	Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Contact
Status	Completed
Phase	Phase 1
Start date	June 2005
Completion date	May 2006

View Details

See also
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.