View clinical trials related to Nicotine Dependence.
Filter by:Background: - Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, and researchers are interested in gaining a better understanding of the perceived beneficial effects of nicotine to help improve treatment strategies for nicotine dependence. Understanding the conditions under which nicotine improves attention and cognitive processing may provide more useful information for this research. - The ability to pay attention and filter relevant from irrelevant stimuli is central to all aspects of information-processing. Top-down and bottom-up attentional processes illustrate how the brain combines stimuli and goal-directed behaviors. Bottom-up processing is an unconscious response to sensory input; for instance, when the eyes automatically focus on a prominent image in a picture. Top-down processing is a conscious response to drive attention toward specific stimuli; for instance, when a person is asked to focus on a less immediately noticeable image in a picture. Researchers are interested in determining whether nicotine improves cognitive performance by acting on top-down or bottom-up attentional mechanisms. Objectives: - To investigate the effect of nicotine on the top-down and bottom-up mechanisms of attention in cigarette smokers. Eligibility: - Current smokers (at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least 1 year) between 18 and 55 years of age. Design: - This study will involve one training session and four experimental sessions. - During the training session, participants will receive a sample dose of the nicotine nasal spray used in the study to determine if they can tolerate the effects. - For each experimental session, participants will receive one dose of nicotine nasal spray (1 mg, 2 mg, or 3 mg) or placebo spray, followed by blood pressure and heart rate monitoring, performance of an attentional test, and questionnaires to rate participants perception of nicotine effectiveness. Participants may receive different doses at different sessions, and will not be told which dose they will receive at any given point.
At any given point in time, most smokers are not interested in making a serious quit attempt. Data suggest that 30% of smokers have no plans to quit, 30% plan to quit at some future date, 30% plan to quit in the next 6 months, and about 10% plan to quit in the next month. While ~40% of smokers make a quit attempt each year, only about 4-6% of those achieve long-term success. This means that of the more than 60 million Americans who smoke, only 1 million are able to quit each year. If we could double the number of quit attempts and maintain comparable success rates, we could double the number of individuals who will benefit from living smoke free lives. These observations underscore the need to develop interventions that increase smokers' motivation or willingness to make quit attempts, and that also increase the rate of success among those who attempt to quit. The overall goal of this proposed experiment is to identify effective interventions aimed at increasing motivation for smoking cessation, increasing quit attempts, and increasing rates of cessation success. Interventions that will be tested include: use of nicotine gum, use of nicotine patches, motivational interviewing, and smoking reduction counseling. At minimum, all participants will complete surveys about their smoking behavior that might increase their motivation to eventually quitting smoking.
Many smokers fail to take their smoking cessation medication as recommended. This research is designed to identify treatments that improve the use of cessation medications and to determine whether an increase in medication use results in increased cessation success. This research will also identify treatments that help people stay quit after a quit attempt and will pioneer more efficient research methods.
The goal of this study is to train phone counselors working for the New York (NY) State Smokers' Quitline to advise callers who drink at hazardous levels to limit or abstain from alcohol use to determine whether this improves smoking cessation outcomes so that we can establish effect size estimates for a full scale multi-site trial.
The goal of this research is to identify the best smoking cessation intervention components to be combined into a state-on-the-art, comprehensive smoking cessation intervention. This research examines the ability of different interventions, provided both prior to and after the quit attempt, to maximize the ability to initially quit and then stay quit. The investigators will be examining six different treatment interventions: pre-quit nicotine patch, pre-quit nicotine gum, pre-quit counseling, post-quit in-person counseling, post-quit phone counseling and duration of post-quit nicotine replacement therapy.
Bipolar Disorder is a chronic relapsing mental disorder characterized by periods of elevated, expansive and irritable mood, often alternating with periods of significant clinical depression. People with Bipolar Disorder are typically heavy smokers who have difficulty quitting, and this is associated with significant tobacco-related medical illness and death. The proposed study will be a double-blind, placebo-controlled 10-week clinical trial of the safety and efficacy of varenicline (Champix™) in thirty subjects with Bipolar I Disorder. This medication is the latest first-line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and has been shown to be efficacious for smoking cessation, but has not yet been systematically studied in persons with Bipolar Disorder.
The Mindfulness Training for Smokers study follows a randomized controlled design with 240 total participants. Both the study group and the control group will be enrolled in the Wisconsin Tobacco Quit Line and will receive four weeks of nicotine patches. The control group will receive the Quit Line intervention alone where as the study group will receive the Quit Line intervention plus the Mindfulness for Smokers Intervention. The Mindfulness for Smokers Intervention provides four weeks of instruction in mindfulness meditation followed by four weeks of participation in a weekly meditation group. The principal hypothesis for the study is that Mindfulness for Smokers plus the Quit Line will lead to significantly higher rates of smoking cessation at 6 months than the Quit Line alone.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of substance-abuse treatment as usual plus smoking-cessation treatment (TAU+SCT), relative to substance-abuse treatment as usual (TAU), on drug-abuse outcomes. Specifically, this study will evaluate whether concurrent smoking-cessation treatment improves, worsens, or has no effect on stimulant-use outcomes in smokers who are in outpatient substance-abuse treatment for cocaine or methamphetamine dependence.
The research project will determine the level of nicotine in ST products that will lead to the greatest reduction in toxicant exposure
The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a new type of exposure- and acceptance-based smoking cessation treatment vs. standard behavioral smoking cessation treatment, in conjunction with the use of the transdermal nicotine patch. In both treatments, participants will receive one 60-minute individual session, seven 2-hour group sessions and two individual brief telephone contacts over an eight-week period. Both treatments include 8 weeks of transdermal nicotine patch, which will begin at the time of quitting smoking and will continue after the treatment sessions have ended. Participants will provide follow-up data with regard to their smoking status through a one-year follow-up period.