Low-Dose or High-Dose Lenalidomide in Treating Younger Patients With Recurrent, Refractory, or Progressive Pilocytic Astrocytoma or Optic Pathway Glioma

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Clinical Trial

Official title:

A Phase II Randomized Trial of Lenalidomide (NSC # 703813) in Pediatric Patients With Recurrent, Refractory or Progressive Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytomas and Optic Pathway Gliomas

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01553149
• Other study ID #: NCI-2012-00703
• Secondary ID: NCI-2012-00703s1
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: July 5, 2012
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: January 2024
• Source: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This randomized phase II trial studies how well low-dose lenalidomide works compared with high-dose lenalidomide in treating younger patients with juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas or optic nerve pathway gliomas that have come back (recurrent), have not responded to treatment (refractory), or are growing, spreading, or getting worse (progressive). Lenalidomide is classified as an immunomodulatory drug as it boosts the immune system. It has other potential anti-tumor effects, for example, it may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking blood flow to the tumor. It is not yet known whether low-dose lenalidomide is more or less effective than high-dose lenalidomide in treating patients with juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas or optic nerve pathway gliomas.

Description:

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To determine the objective response rate in children with recurrent, refractory, or progressive juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas and optic pathway gliomas who are treated with Regimen A low-dose (20 mg/m^2/dose) or Regimen B high-dose (115 mg/m^2/dose) lenalidomide.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the event-free survival (EFS) (based on standard two-dimensional tumor measurements, determined by each institution) of children with recurrent, refractory, or progressive juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas and optic pathway gliomas who are treated with lenalidomide.

II. To compare response categories and EFS across the 3 magnetic resonance (MR) sequences (T2-weighted, fluid attenuated inversion recovery [FLAIR], T1-weighted post-contrast).

III. To correlate steady-state pharmacokinetics of lenalidomide (1 sample obtained between days 5-21) with objective response and EFS.

IV. To evaluate toxicities of long-term lenalidomide use.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

ARM I (Regimen A): Patients receive low-dose lenalidomide orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 26 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

ARM II (Regimen B): Patients receive high-dose lenalidomide PO QD on days 1-21. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 26 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up annually for approximately 3 years.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 75
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: June 30, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: N/A to 21 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients must have a body surface area (BSA) >= 0.4 m^2 at the time of study enrollment

• Patients must have a pilocytic astrocytoma or optic pathway glioma that has relapsed, progressed, or become refractory to conventional therapy; patients with neurofibromatosis (NF-1) are eligible

• Patients must have histologic verification of malignancy; histologic confirmation for patients with optic pathway gliomas will not be required

• Patients must have measurable residual disease, defined as tumor that is measurable in two perpendicular diameters on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); for a lesion to be considered measurable, it must be at least twice the slice thickness on MRI (i.e. visible on more than one slice)

• To document the degree of residual tumor, the following must be obtained:

• All patients must have a brain MRI with and without contrast (gadolinium) within 1 week prior to study enrollment; for patients on steroids, baseline MRI scans must be performed after at least 1 week at a stable or decreasing dose of steroids

• All patients with a history of spinal or leptomeningeal disease, and those patients with symptoms suspicious of spinal disease, must have a spine MRI with and without contrast (gadolinium) performed within 2 weeks prior to study enrollment

• Patients must have a Lansky or Karnofsky performance status score of >= 60%; use Karnofsky for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky for patients =< 16 years of age

• Patients must have been treated with at least one prior treatment regimen that included carboplatin; patients who have received prior radiation therapy for this tumor are eligible

• Patients must have recovered (to Common Toxicity Criteria [CTC] version [v.]4.0 =< grade 1 unless indicated below) from the acute toxic effects of all prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy prior to entering this study, with the exception of alopecia, weight changes and grade I or II lymphopenia

• Myelosuppressive chemotherapy: must not have received within 3 weeks of entry onto this study (6 weeks if prior nitrosourea or mitomycin-C)

• Biologic (anti-neoplastic agent): at least 7 days after the last dose of a biologic agent; for agents that have known adverse events occurring beyond 7 days after administration, this period must be extended beyond the time during which adverse events are known to occur

• Immunotherapy: at least 42 days after the completion of any type of immunotherapy, e.g. tumor vaccines

• Monoclonal antibodies: at least 3 half-lives of the antibody after the last dose of a monoclonal antibody

• Radiation therapy (RT): patients must have had their last fraction of craniospinal RT >= 6 months prior to study entry and their last fraction of focal RT >= 4 weeks prior to study entry; if the lesion used for on-study criteria is in the radiation field, there must be evidence of tumor progression after radiation therapy was completed

• Study specific limitations on prior therapy:

• Patients who have received thalidomide are eligible if all acute thalidomide-related toxicity has resolved

• Patients must not have received lenalidomide previously

• Growth factor(s): must not have received within 2 weeks of entry onto this study

• Steroids: patients who are receiving corticosteroids must be on a stable or decreasing dose for at least 1 week prior to baseline MRI

• Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,000/uL

• Platelet count >= 100,000/uL (transfusion independent)

• Hemoglobin >= 8.0 g/dL (may receive red blood cell [RBC] transfusions)

• Creatinine clearance or radioisotope glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >= 70 mL/min/m^2 OR a serum creatinine based on age/gender as follows:

• 0.4 mg/dL (1 month to < 6 months of age)

• 0.5 mg/dL (6 months to < 1 year of age)

• 0.6 mg/dL (1 to < 2 years of age)

• 0.8 mg/dL (2 to < 6 years of age)

• 1.0 mg/dL (6 to 10 years of age)

• 1.2 mg/dL (10 to < 13 years of age)

• 1.5 mg/dL (male) or 1.4 mg/dL (female) (13 to < 16 years of age)

• 1.7 mg/dL (male) or 1.4 mg/dL (female) (>= 16 years of age)

• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age

• Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) =< 110 U/L; for the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT is 45 U/L

• Serum albumin >= 2 g/dL

• No evidence of dyspnea at rest and a pulse oximetry > 94% if there is clinical indication for determination

• Patients must be able to swallow intact capsules

• All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent

• All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met

Exclusion Criteria:

• Female patients who are pregnant are not eligible

• Lactating females are not eligible unless they have agreed not to breastfeed their infants while receiving protocol therapy and for 28 days after the last dose of lenalidomide

• Female patients of childbearing potential are not eligible unless they commit to complete abstinence or have been on 2 methods of birth control, including 1 highly effective method and 1 additional method at the same time (unless committing to complete abstinence of heterosexual intercourse) at least 28 days (4 weeks) prior to study enrollment; sexually active females must also agree to remain on 2 methods of birth control, during treatment (including during dose interruptions), and continuing for at least 28 days after the completion of protocol therapy; examples of methods of contraception are as follows:

• Highly effective methods (must use at least 1):

• Intrauterine device (IUD)

• Hormonal (prescription birth control pills, injections, implants)

• Tubal ligation

• Partner's vasectomy

• Additional effective methods:

• Male condom

• Diaphragm

• Cervical cap The two methods of birth control requirement applies to all sexually active females unless they have undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy

• Female patients of childbearing potential (including those who commit to complete abstinence) are not eligible unless they agree to ongoing pregnancy testing and counseling every 28 days about pregnancy precautions and risks of fetal exposure

• Male patients of child fathering potential are not eligible unless they have agreed to use latex condoms during intercourse with a woman of childbearing potential while receiving treatment and for 28 days thereafter

• Patients with a history of thromboembolism unrelated to a central line, or patients with a known predisposition syndrome for thromboembolism are not eligible

• Patients who have an uncontrolled or untreated infection are not eligible

• Patients with known overt cardiac disease, including but not limited to a history of myocardial infarction, severe or unstable angina, clinically significant peripheral vascular disease, grade 2 or greater heart failure, or serious and inadequately controlled cardiac arrhythmia are not eligible

• Patients with a significant systemic illness that is not well-controlled in the opinion of the treating physician are not eligible

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Astrocytoma
• Glioma
• Neurofibromatoses
• Neurofibromatosis 1
• Neurofibromatosis Type 1
• Recurrence
• Recurrent Childhood Pilocytic Astrocytoma
• Recurrent Childhood Visual Pathway Glioma

Intervention

Drug:
• Lenalidomide
Given PO

Other:
• Pharmacological Study
Correlative studies

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Australia	Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital	Herston	Queensland
Australia	Royal Children's Hospital-Brisbane	Herston	Queensland
Australia	Royal Children's Hospital	Parkville	Victoria
Australia	Princess Margaret Hospital for Children	Perth	Western Australia
Australia	Queensland Children's Hospital	South Brisbane	Queensland
Canada	IWK Health Centre	Halifax	Nova Scotia
Canada	McMaster Children's Hospital at Hamilton Health Sciences	Hamilton	Ontario
Canada	Kingston Health Sciences Centre	Kingston	Ontario
Canada	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine	Montreal	Quebec
Canada	The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC	Montreal	Quebec
Canada	British Columbia Children's Hospital	Vancouver	British Columbia
New Zealand	Christchurch Hospital	Christchurch
New Zealand	Starship Children's Hospital	Grafton	Auckland
United States	Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron	Akron	Ohio
United States	University of New Mexico Cancer Center	Albuquerque	New Mexico
United States	C S Mott Children's Hospital	Ann Arbor	Michigan
United States	Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Egleston	Atlanta	Georgia
United States	Children's Hospital Colorado	Aurora	Colorado
United States	Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas	Austin	Texas
United States	National Institutes of Health Clinical Center	Bethesda	Maryland
United States	Children's Hospital of Alabama	Birmingham	Alabama
United States	University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer Center	Birmingham	Alabama
United States	Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Boise	Boise	Idaho
United States	Dana-Farber Cancer Institute	Boston	Massachusetts
United States	Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus	Bronx	New York
United States	Roswell Park Cancer Institute	Buffalo	New York
United States	UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center	Chapel Hill	North Carolina
United States	Medical University of South Carolina	Charleston	South Carolina
United States	Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute	Charlotte	North Carolina
United States	Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago	Chicago	Illinois
United States	University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center	Chicago	Illinois
United States	University of Illinois	Chicago	Illinois
United States	Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center	Cincinnati	Ohio
United States	Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital	Cleveland	Ohio
United States	Columbia Regional	Columbia	Missouri
United States	Prisma Health Richland Hospital	Columbia	South Carolina
United States	Nationwide Children's Hospital	Columbus	Ohio
United States	Driscoll Children's Hospital	Corpus Christi	Texas
United States	Medical City Dallas Hospital	Dallas	Texas
United States	UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas	Dallas	Texas
United States	Dayton Children's Hospital	Dayton	Ohio
United States	Blank Children's Hospital	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute	Detroit	Michigan
United States	Kaiser Permanente Downey Medical Center	Downey	California
United States	City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center	Duarte	California
United States	Michigan State University Clinical Center	East Lansing	Michigan
United States	Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida	Fort Myers	Florida
United States	Lee Memorial Health System	Fort Myers	Florida
United States	Cook Children's Medical Center	Fort Worth	Texas
United States	University of Florida Health Science Center - Gainesville	Gainesville	Florida
United States	Helen DeVos Children's Hospital at Spectrum Health	Grand Rapids	Michigan
United States	BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	East Carolina University	Greenville	North Carolina
United States	Hackensack University Medical Center	Hackensack	New Jersey
United States	Connecticut Children's Medical Center	Hartford	Connecticut
United States	Penn State Children's Hospital	Hershey	Pennsylvania
United States	University of Hawaii Cancer Center	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center	Houston	Texas
United States	Ascension Saint Vincent Indianapolis Hospital	Indianapolis	Indiana
United States	Riley Hospital for Children	Indianapolis	Indiana
United States	University of Mississippi Medical Center	Jackson	Mississippi
United States	Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville	Jacksonville	Florida
United States	Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics	Kansas City	Missouri
United States	East Tennessee Childrens Hospital	Knoxville	Tennessee
United States	Alliance for Childhood Diseases/Cure 4 the Kids Foundation	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Nevada Cancer Research Foundation NCORP	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Summerlin Hospital Medical Center	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Cancer Center	Lebanon	New Hampshire
United States	University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center	Lexington	Kentucky
United States	Arkansas Children's Hospital	Little Rock	Arkansas
United States	University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences	Little Rock	Arkansas
United States	Loma Linda University Medical Center	Loma Linda	California
United States	Miller Children's and Women's Hospital Long Beach	Long Beach	California
United States	Cedars Sinai Medical Center	Los Angeles	California
United States	Children's Hospital Los Angeles	Los Angeles	California
United States	Norton Children's Hospital	Louisville	Kentucky
United States	Valley Children's Hospital	Madera	California
United States	University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center	Madison	Wisconsin
United States	Loyola University Medical Center	Maywood	Illinois
United States	Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital	Memphis	Tennessee
United States	Children's Hospital of Wisconsin	Milwaukee	Wisconsin
United States	Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis	Minneapolis	Minnesota
United States	Morristown Medical Center	Morristown	New Jersey
United States	Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center	Nashville	Tennessee
United States	Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital	New Brunswick	New Jersey
United States	Children's Hospital New Orleans	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	Ochsner Medical Center Jefferson	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	Tulane University School of Medicine	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone	New York	New York
United States	NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center	New York	New York
United States	Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters	Norfolk	Virginia
United States	Advocate Children's Hospital-Oak Lawn	Oak Lawn	Illinois
United States	Kaiser Permanente-Oakland	Oakland	California
United States	University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center	Oklahoma City	Oklahoma
United States	Children's Hospital and Medical Center of Omaha	Omaha	Nebraska
United States	Children's Hospital of Orange County	Orange	California
United States	AdventHealth Orlando	Orlando	Florida
United States	Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children	Orlando	Florida
United States	Nemours Children's Clinic - Orlando	Orlando	Florida
United States	Nemours Children's Hospital	Orlando	Florida
United States	Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University	Palo Alto	California
United States	Nemours Children's Clinic - Pensacola	Pensacola	Florida
United States	Saint Jude Midwest Affiliate	Peoria	Illinois
United States	Children's Hospital of Philadelphia	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania
United States	Phoenix Childrens Hospital	Phoenix	Arizona
United States	Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC	Pittsburgh	Pennsylvania
United States	Oregon Health and Science University	Portland	Oregon
United States	Mayo Clinic in Rochester	Rochester	Minnesota
United States	Sutter Medical Center Sacramento	Sacramento	California
United States	University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center	Sacramento	California
United States	Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Mercy Hospital Saint Louis	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Washington University School of Medicine	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital	Saint Petersburg	Florida
United States	Primary Children's Hospital	Salt Lake City	Utah
United States	UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay	San Francisco	California
United States	UCSF Medical Center-Parnassus	San Francisco	California
United States	Memorial Health University Medical Center	Savannah	Georgia
United States	Seattle Children's Hospital	Seattle	Washington
United States	Sanford USD Medical Center - Sioux Falls	Sioux Falls	South Dakota
United States	Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital	Spokane	Washington
United States	State University of New York Upstate Medical University	Syracuse	New York
United States	Mercy Children's Hospital	Toledo	Ohio
United States	New York Medical College	Valhalla	New York
United States	Children's National Medical Center	Washington	District of Columbia
United States	Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children	Wilmington	Delaware

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

United States,  Australia,  Canada,  New Zealand, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Number of Patients Who Demonstrate Complete or Partial Response	Number of patients who demonstrate a complete or partial response as defined below: Complete Response - Complete disappearance of all known disease for at least 4 weeks; Partial Response - A reduction of at least 50% in the size of all measurable tumor as quantitated by the sum of the products of the largest diameters of measurable lesions when compared with that measurement at the time of study enrollment and maintained for at least 4 weeks.	26 cycles of chemotherapy - up to 3 years after enrollment
Primary	Number of Patients Who Demonstrate Early Progression	Number of patients with disease progression during the first six months of protocol therapy. Disease progression is defined as = 25% increase in the sum of the products of the largest diameters of the measurable lesions or the appearance of one or more new lesions when compared with the measurements of lesions at the time of enrollment.	Up to 180 days after enrollment
Secondary	Event-free Survival [EFS]	Estimated 3-year EFS where EFS is calculated as the time from study enrollment to disease progression, disease relapse, occurrence of a second malignant neoplasm, death from any cause or last follow-up whichever occurs first. Kaplan-Meier method is used for estimation. Patients without an event are censored at last contact.	Up to 3 years after study enrollment
Secondary	Overall Survival [OS]	Estimated 3-year overall survival is calculated as the time from study enrollment to death from any cause or last follow-up whichever occurs first. Kaplan-Meier method is used for estimation. Patients alive at last contact are censored at that time.	Up to 3 years after study enrollment
Secondary	Number of Patients With Toxic Events After 2 Dose Reductions	Number of patients who have an additional significant toxicity coded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0 after experiencing two dose reductions from their assigned treatment dose.	While receiving protocol therapy up to 3 years after study enrollment
Secondary	Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Lenalidomide	Concentration of lenalidomide obtained from any day between day 5 and 21 of the first cycle of chemotherapy in nanograms per mL.	Between days 5-21 of course 1 and each dose reduction
Secondary	Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequence	Response categories (complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progression) will be determined from the following three standard magnetic resonance sequences, T2-weighted, fluid attenuated inversion recovery, T1-weighted post-contrast. Percent agreement between the sequences will be estimated as the number of follow-up scans in which the corresponding sequence agreed divided by the total number of follow-up scans.	Up to 3 years