Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Children With Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma Clinical Trial

Official title:

Treatment for Infants and Children With Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma: A Phase III Intergroup CCG/POG Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00003093
• Other study ID #: A3961
• Secondary ID: COG-A3961CCG-A39
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 3
• First received: November 1, 1999
• Last updated: July 31, 2014
• Start date: March 1988
• Est. completion date: January 2011

Study information

• Verified date: July 2014
• Source: Children's Oncology Group
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: United States: Federal Government
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells. Combination chemotherapy plus surgery may be an effective treatment for neuroblastoma.

PURPOSE: This phase III trial is studying how well combination chemotherapy followed by surgery works in treating young patients with neuroblastoma.

Description:

OBJECTIVES:

• Determine whether the use of selected prognostic variables to assign treatment increases the event-free survival and overall survival in children with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma.

• Determine the acute and long-term morbidity and toxicity of surgery and combination chemotherapy in this patient population.

• Assess the relationship between extent of tumor resection and event-free and overall survival in patients treated with this regimen.

OUTLINE: Patients receive carboplatin IV over 1 hour on days 0, 21, and 63; cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on days 21 and 42; doxorubicin IV over 15-60 minutes on days 21 and 63; and etoposide IV over 2 hours on days 0-2, 42-44, and 63-65. Patients under 60 days of age also receive filgrastim (G-CSF) or sargramostim (GM-CSF) subcutaneously beginning 24 hours after the last chemotherapy administration and continuing until blood counts recover. Patients with favorable biology who do not achieve complete remission then undergo surgery to remove or debulk residual disease on day 84 or when blood counts recover. Patients with favorable biology who achieve partial response and surgery to the primary site is not deemed in the best interest of the patient may receive additional chemotherapy (as below) and delay surgery to the primary site after completion of chemotherapy.

Patients with unfavorable biology receive additional chemotherapy comprising cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on days 84, 105, and 147; etoposide IV over 2 hours on days 84-86 and 126-128; carboplatin IV over 1 hour on days 105 and 126; and doxorubicin IV over 15-60 minutes on days 105 and 147. Patients then undergo debulking surgery on day 168 or when blood counts recover.

Some patients may then undergo radiotherapy after surgery.

Patients are followed monthly for 6 months, every 2 months for 6 months, every 3 months for 1 year, every 6 months for 1 year, and then annually thereafter.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 400 patients will be accrued for this study.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 573
• Est. completion date: January 2011
• Est. primary completion date: September 2006
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: N/A to 20 Years

Eligibility

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

• Histologically proven neuroblastoma or maturing ganglioneuroma that is judged to be intermediate risk by one of the following criteria:

• International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stage III

• Under 1 year old, MYCN oncogene nonamplified, and any ploidy

• 1 to 20 years old, MYCN nonamplified, favorable Shimada histology

• INSS stage IV

• Under 1 year old, MYCN nonamplified, any ploidy

• INSS stage IVS

• Under 1 year old, MYCN nonamplified, unfavorable Shimada histology and any ploidy OR favorable Shimada histology and diploidy

• All patients must be registered on the companion neuroblastoma biology study (COG-ANBL00B1)

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

• Under 21

Performance status:

• Not specified

Life expectancy:

• Not specified

Hematopoietic:

• Not specified

Hepatic:

• Not specified

Renal:

• Not specified

Other:

• No abnormal organ function that would prohibit chemotherapy unless due to neuroblastoma

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy:

• Not specified

Chemotherapy:

• Prior chemotherapy for patients with intradural extension and emergent paresis allowed provided biopsy was performed within 96 hours after treatment

Endocrine therapy:

• Not specified

Radiotherapy:

• Not specified

Surgery:

• Not specified

Other:

• No other prior therapy

Study Design

Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Neuroblastoma

Intervention

Biological:
• filgrastim

• sargramostim

Drug:
• carboplatin

• cyclophosphamide

• doxorubicin hydrochloride

• etoposide

Procedure:
• conventional surgery

• neoadjuvant therapy

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Australia	Royal Children's Hospital	Brisbane	Queensland
Australia	Women's and Children's Hospital	North Adelaide	South Australia
Australia	Royal Children's Hospital	Parkville	Victoria
Australia	Princess Margaret Hospital for Children	Perth	Western Australia
Australia	Sydney Children's Hospital	Randwick	New South Wales
Australia	Children's Hospital at Westmead	Westmead	New South Wales
Canada	Alberta Children's Hospital	Calgary	Alberta
Canada	Cross Cancer Institute at University of Alberta	Edmonton	Alberta
Canada	IWK Health Centre	Halifax	Nova Scotia
Canada	McMaster Children's Hospital at Hamilton Health Sciences	Hamilton	Ontario
Canada	Children's Hospital of Western Ontario	London	Ontario
Canada	Hopital Sainte Justine	Montreal	Quebec
Canada	Montreal Children's Hospital at McGill University Health Center	Montreal	Quebec
Canada	Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario	Ottawa	Ontario
Canada	Allan Blair Cancer Centre at Pasqua Hospital	Regina	Saskatchewan
Canada	Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval	Sainte Foy	Quebec
Canada	Saskatoon Cancer Centre	Saskatoon	Saskatchewan
Canada	Janeway Children's Health and Rehabilitation Centre	St. John's	Newfoundland and Labrador
Canada	Hospital for Sick Children	Toronto	Ontario
Canada	Children's & Women's Hospital of British Columbia	Vancouver	British Columbia
Canada	CancerCare Manitoba	Winnipeg	Manitoba
Netherlands	University Medical Center Groningen	Groningen
New Zealand	Starship Children's Health	Auckland
Puerto Rico	Puerto Rico Cancer Center at University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus	San Juan
Puerto Rico	San Jorge Children's Hospital	Santurce
Switzerland	Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group Bern	Bern
Switzerland	Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group Geneva	Geneva
Switzerland	Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group Lausanne	Lausanne
United States	Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron	Akron	Ohio
United States	Children's Hospital at Albany Medical Center	Albany	New York
United States	University of New Mexico Cancer Research and Treatment Center	Albuquerque	New Mexico
United States	Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine	Amarillo	Texas
United States	University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center	Ann Arbor	Michigan
United States	Mission Hospitals - Memorial Campus	Asheville	North Carolina
United States	AFLAC Cancer Center and Blood Disorders Service of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Scottish Rite Campus	Atlanta	Georgia
United States	MBCCOP-Medical College of Georgia Cancer Center	Augusta	Georgia
United States	Children's Hospital of Austin	Austin	Texas
United States	Alvin and Lois Lapidus Cancer Institute at Sinai Hospital	Baltimore	Maryland
United States	Greenebaum Cancer Center at University of Maryland Medical Center	Baltimore	Maryland
United States	Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins	Baltimore	Maryland
United States	Pediatric Specialty Clinic at Eastern Maine Medical Center	Bangor	Maine
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Alabama at Birmingham	Birmingham	Alabama
United States	St. Luke's Mountain States Tumor Institute - Boise	Boise	Idaho
United States	Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center at Dana Farber Cancer Institute	Boston	Massachusetts
United States	Floating Hospital for Children	Boston	Massachusetts
United States	Albert Einstein Cancer Center at Albert Einstein College of Medicine	Bronx	New York
United States	Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center	Brooklyn	New York
United States	Brooklyn Hospital Center	Brooklyn	New York
United States	Maimonides Medical Center	Brooklyn	New York
United States	SUNY Downstate Medical Center	Brooklyn	New York
United States	Roswell Park Cancer Institute	Buffalo	New York
United States	Vermont Cancer Center at University of Vermont	Burlington	Vermont
United States	Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill	Chapel Hill	North Carolina
United States	Hollings Cancer Center at Medical University of South Carolina	Charleston	South Carolina
United States	West Virginia University - Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center - Charleston Division	Charleston	West Virginia
United States	Blumenthal Cancer Center at Carolinas Medical Center	Charlotte	North Carolina
United States	Presbyterian Cancer Center at Presbyterian Hospital	Charlotte	North Carolina
United States	University of Virginia Cancer Center	Charlottesville	Virginia
United States	Children's Memorial Hospital - Chicago	Chicago	Illinois
United States	Rush University Medical Center	Chicago	Illinois
United States	University of Chicago Cancer Research Center	Chicago	Illinois
United States	University of Illinois at Chicago Cancer Center	Chicago	Illinois
United States	Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center	Cincinnati	Ohio
United States	Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center	Cleveland	Ohio
United States	Ireland Cancer Center at University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western Reserve University	Cleveland	Ohio
United States	Palmetto Health South Carolina Cancer Center	Columbia	South Carolina
United States	University of Missouri - Columbia	Columbia	Missouri
United States	Columbus Children's Hospital	Columbus	Ohio
United States	Medical City Dallas Hospital	Dallas	Texas
United States	Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center - Dallas	Dallas	Texas
United States	Geisinger Medical Center	Danville	Pennsylvania
United States	Children's Medical Center - Dayton	Dayton	Ohio
United States	Children's Hospital Cancer Center	Denver	Colorado
United States	Presbyterian - St. Luke's Medical Center	Denver	Colorado
United States	Blank Children's Hospital	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	John Stoddard Cancer Center at Iowa Methodist Medical Center	Des Moines	Iowa
United States	Children's Hospital of Michigan	Detroit	Michigan
United States	Van Elslander Cancer Center at St. John Hospital and Medical Center	Detroit	Michigan
United States	Southern California Permanente Medical Group	Downey	California
United States	City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center	Duarte	California
United States	St. Mary's - Duluth Clinic Cancer Center	Duluth	Minnesota
United States	Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center	Durham	North Carolina
United States	INOVA Fairfax Hospital	Falls Church	Virginia
United States	Dakota Cancer Institute at Innovis Health - Dakota Clinic	Fargo	North Dakota
United States	Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Connecticut Health Center	Farmington	Connecticut
United States	Hurley Medical Center	Flint	Michigan
United States	Broward General Medical Center Cancer Center	Fort Lauderdale	Florida
United States	Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida	Fort Myers	Florida
United States	Cook Children's Medical Center - Fort Worth	Fort Worth	Texas
United States	University of Florida Shands Cancer Center	Gainesville	Florida
United States	University of Texas Medical Branch	Galveston	Texas
United States	DeVos Children's Hospital	Grand Rapids	Michigan
United States	Bellin Memorial Hospital	Green Bay	Wisconsin
United States	CCOP - St. Vincent Hospital Cancer Center, Green Bay	Green Bay	Wisconsin
United States	St. Vincent Hospital	Green Bay	Wisconsin
United States	Children's Hospital of Greenville Hospital System	Greenville	South Carolina
United States	Leo W. Jenkins Cancer Center at Pitt County Memorial Hospital	Greenville	North Carolina
United States	Hackensack University Medical Center	Hackensack	New Jersey
United States	Penn State Children's Hospital	Hershey	Pennsylvania
United States	Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital at Memorial	Hollywood	Florida
United States	Cancer Research Center of Hawaii	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	MBCCOP - Hawaii	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Tripler Army Medical Center	Honolulu	Hawaii
United States	Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine	Houston	Texas
United States	M.D. Anderson Cancer Center at University of Texas	Houston	Texas
United States	Cabell Huntington Hospital	Huntington	West Virginia
United States	Riley's Children Cancer Center at Riley Hospital for Children	Indianapolis	Indiana
United States	St. Vincent Indianapolis Hospital	Indianapolis	Indiana
United States	Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Iowa	Iowa City	Iowa
United States	University of Mississippi Medical Center	Jackson	Mississippi
United States	Nemours Children's Clinic	Jacksonville	Florida
United States	East Tennessee State University Cancer Center at Johnson City Medical Center	Johnson City	Tennessee
United States	Bronson Methodist Hospital	Kalamazoo	Michigan
United States	Children's Mercy Hospital	Kansas City	Missouri
United States	East Tennessee Children's Hospital	Knoxville	Tennessee
United States	Gundersen Lutheran Cancer Center at Gundersen Lutheran Medical Center	La Crosse	Wisconsin
United States	Rebecca and John Moores UCSD Cancer Center	La Jolla	California
United States	Wilford Hall Medical Center	Lackland Air Force Base	Texas
United States	Breslin Cancer Center at Ingham Regional Medical Center	Lansing	Michigan
United States	Nevada Cancer Research Foundation	Las Vegas	Nevada
United States	Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center	Lebanon	New Hampshire
United States	Markey Cancer Center at University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center	Lexington	Kentucky
United States	Arkansas Cancer Research Center at University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences	Little Rock	Arkansas
United States	Loma Linda University Cancer Institute at Loma Linda University Medical Center	Loma Linda	California
United States	Jonathan Jaques Children's Cancer Center at Miller Children's Hospital	Long Beach	California
United States	Children's Hospital Los Angeles	Los Angeles	California
United States	Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA	Los Angeles	California
United States	Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center	Los Angeles	California
United States	Kosair Children's Hospital	Louisville	Kentucky
United States	Covenant Children's Hospital	Lubbock	Texas
United States	Medical Center of Central Georgia	Macon	Georgia
United States	Children's Hospital Central California	Madera	California
United States	University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center	Madison	Wisconsin
United States	CCOP - Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation	Marshfield	Wisconsin
United States	Marshfield Clinic - Marshfield Center	Marshfield	Wisconsin
United States	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital	Memphis	Tennessee
United States	Baptist-South Miami Regional Cancer Program	Miami	Florida
United States	Jackson Memorial Hospital	Miami	Florida
United States	Miami Children's Hospital	Miami	Florida
United States	Midwest Children's Cancer Center	Milwaukee	Wisconsin
United States	Children's Hospitals and Clinics - Minneapolis/St. Paul	Minneapolis	Minnesota
United States	University of South Alabama Cancer Research Institute	Mobile	Alabama
United States	Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center at West Virginia University Hospitals	Morgantown	West Virginia
United States	Vanderbilt Children's Hospital	Nashville	Tennessee
United States	Cancer Institute of New Jersey at UMDNJ - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School	New Brunswick	New Jersey
United States	Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center at Yale University School of Medicine	New Haven	Connecticut
United States	Schneider Children's Hospital	New Hyde Park	New York
United States	Children's Hospital of New Orleans	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	MBCCOP - LSU Health Sciences Center	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	Ochsner Cancer Institute at Ochsner Clinic Foundation	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	Tulane Cancer Center at Tulane University Hospital and Clinic	New Orleans	Louisiana
United States	Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at Columbia University	New York	New York
United States	Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center	New York	New York
United States	Mount Sinai Medical Center	New York	New York
United States	New York Weill Cornell Cancer Center at Cornell University	New York	New York
United States	Newark Beth Israel Medical Center	Newark	New Jersey
United States	Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters	Norfolk	Virginia
United States	Advocate Hope Children's Hospital	Oak Lawn	Illinois
United States	Children's Hospital and Research Center - Oakland	Oakland	California
United States	Children's Hospital at Oklahoma University Medical Center	Oklahoma City	Oklahoma
United States	Children's Hospital of Omaha	Omaha	Nebraska
United States	UNMC Eppley Cancer Center at the University of Nebraska Medical Center	Omaha	Nebraska
United States	Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of California Irvine Medical Center	Orange	California
United States	Children's Hospital of Orange County	Orange	California
United States	Florida Hospital Cancer Institute	Orlando	Florida
United States	Nemours Children's Clinic - Orlando	Orlando	Florida
United States	Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford University Medical Center	Palo Alto	California
United States	Lutheran General Cancer Care Center	Park Ridge	Illinois
United States	St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center	Paterson	New Jersey
United States	Sacred Heart Children's Hospital	Pensacola	Florida
United States	Saint Jude Midwest Affiliate	Peoria	Illinois
United States	Children's Hospital of Philadelphia	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania
United States	St. Christopher's Hospital for Children	Philadelphia	Pennsylvania
United States	Phoenix Children's Hospital	Phoenix	Arizona
United States	Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh	Pittsburgh	Pennsylvania
United States	CCOP - Columbia River Oncology Program	Portland	Oregon
United States	Doernbecher Children's Hospital at Oregon Health & Science University	Portland	Oregon
United States	Legacy Emanuel Hospital and Health Center & Children's Hospital	Portland	Oregon
United States	Naval Medical Center - Portsmouth	Portsmouth	Virginia
United States	Rhode Island Hospital	Providence	Rhode Island
United States	Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University	Richmond	Virginia
United States	Carilion Medical Center for Children at Roanoke Community Hospital	Roanoke	Virginia
United States	James P. Wilmot Cancer Center at University of Rochester Medical Center	Rochester	New York
United States	Mayo Clinic Cancer Center	Rochester	Minnesota
United States	CCOP - Beaumont	Royal Oak	Michigan
United States	William Beaumont Hospital - Royal Oak Campus	Royal Oak	Michigan
United States	Kaiser Permanente Medical Center - Sacramento	Sacramento	California
United States	Sutter Cancer Center	Sacramento	California
United States	University of California Davis Cancer Center	Sacramento	California
United States	Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	St. Louis Children's Hospital	Saint Louis	Missouri
United States	Huntsman Cancer Institute at University of Utah	Salt Lake City	Utah
United States	MBCCOP - South Texas Pediatrics	San Antonio	Texas
United States	Methodist Cancer Center at Methodist Specialty and Transplant Hospital	San Antonio	Texas
United States	University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio	San Antonio	Texas
United States	Children's Hospital and Health Center - San Diego	San Diego	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente Medical Center - Kaiser Foundation Hospital - San Diego	San Diego	California
United States	UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center	San Francisco	California
United States	Santa Barbara Cottage Children's Hospital	Santa Barbara	California
United States	Kaiser Permanente Medical Center - Santa Clara Kiely Campus	Santa Clara	California
United States	Curtis & Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute at Memorial Health University Medical Center	Savannah	Georgia
United States	Maine Children's Cancer Program	Scarborough	Maine
United States	Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center - Seattle	Seattle	Washington
United States	Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center	Seattle	Washington
United States	Group Health Central Hospital	Seattle	Washington
United States	Walter Reed Army Medical Center	Silver Spring	Maryland
United States	Avera Cancer Institute	Sioux Falls	South Dakota
United States	Sioux Valley Hospital and University of South Dakota Medical Center	Sioux Falls	South Dakota
United States	Deaconess Medical Center	Spokane	Washington
United States	Baystate Regional Cancer Program at D'Amour Center for Cancer Care	Springfield	Massachusetts
United States	Southern Illinois University School of Medicine	Springfield	Illinois
United States	All Children's Hospital	St. Petersburg	Florida
United States	Long Island Cancer Center at Stony Brook University Hospital	Stony Brook	New York
United States	Valerie Fund Children's Center at Atlantic Health	Summit	New Jersey
United States	SUNY Upstate Medical University Hospital	Syracuse	New York
United States	Madigan Army Medical Center	Tacoma	Washington
United States	Mary Bridge Children's Hospital and Health Center - Tacoma	Tacoma	Washington
United States	St. Joseph's Children's Hospital of Tampa	Tampa	Florida
United States	CCOP - Scott and White Hospital	Temple	Texas
United States	Center for Cancer Prevention and Care at Scott and White Clinic	Temple	Texas
United States	St. Vincent Mercy Medical Center	Toledo	Ohio
United States	Toledo Children's Hospital	Toledo	Ohio
United States	General Robert Huyser Cancer Center at David Grant Medical Center	Travis Air Force Base	California
United States	Arizona Cancer Center at University of Arizona Health Sciences Center	Tucson	Arizona
United States	CCOP - Oklahoma	Tulsa	Oklahoma
United States	Natalie Warren Bryant Cancer Center at St. Francis Hospital	Tulsa	Oklahoma
United States	New York Medical College	Valhalla	New York
United States	Children's National Medical Center	Washington	District of Columbia
United States	Lombardi Cancer Center at Georgetown University Medical Center	Washington	District of Columbia
United States	Kaplan Cancer Center at St. Mary's Medical Center	West Palm Beach	Florida
United States	Wesley Medical Center	Wichita	Kansas
United States	Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children	Wilmington	Delaware
United States	Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest University	Winston-Salem	North Carolina
United States	UMASS Memorial Cancer Center - University Campus	Worcester	Massachusetts
United States	Tod Children's Hospital - Forum Health	Youngstown	Ohio

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Children's Oncology Group	National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

United States,  Australia,  Canada,  Netherlands,  New Zealand,  Puerto Rico,  Switzerland, 

References & Publications (6)

Attiyeh EF, Mosse YP, Diskin S, et al.: Identification of genomic DNA signatures predicting relapse in low- and intermediate- risk neuroblastoma using a case control design and high-density SNP genotyping: a Children's Oncology Group (COG) study. [Abstract] J Clin Oncol 25 (Suppl 18): A-9500, 526s, 2007.

Baker DL, Schmidt M, Cohn S, et al.: A phase III trial of biologically-based therapy reduction for intermediate risk neuroblastoma. [Abstract] J Clin Oncol 25 (Suppl 18): A-9504, 2007.

Baker DL, Schmidt ML, Cohn SL, Maris JM, London WB, Buxton A, Stram D, Castleberry RP, Shimada H, Sandler A, Shamberger RC, Look AT, Reynolds CP, Seeger RC, Matthay KK; Children’s Oncology Group. Outcome after reduced chemotherapy for intermediate-risk ne — View Citation

Dubois SG, Geier E, Batra V, Yee SW, Neuhaus J, Segal M, Martinez D, Pawel B, Yanik G, Naranjo A, London WB, Kreissman S, Baker D, Attiyeh E, Hogarty MD, Maris JM, Giacomini K, Matthay KK. Evaluation of Norepinephrine Transporter Expression and Metaiodobenzylguanidine Avidity in Neuroblastoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group. Int J Mol Imaging. 2012;2012:250834. doi: 10.1155/2012/250834. Epub 2012 Sep 25. — View Citation

Marachelian A, Shimada H, Sano H, Jackson H, Stein J, Sposto R, Matthay KK, Baker D, Villablanca JG. The significance of serial histopathology in a residual mass for outcome of intermediate risk stage 3 neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012 May;58(5):675-81. — View Citation

Meany HJ, Attiyeh EF, Naranjo A, et al.: Outcome analysis of non-high-risk neuroblastoma patients enrolled on Children's Oncology Group trials P9641 and A3961. [Abstract] J Clin Oncol 30 (Suppl 15): A-9533, 2012.

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Event Free Survival			No